Physical, Nutrient, and Biological Measurements of Coastal Waters Off Central California in June/July 2006

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Rago ◽  
Reiko Michisaki ◽  
Baldo Marinovic ◽  
Marguerite Blum ◽  
Katherine Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Central California ◽  
June July

Physical, Nutrient, and Biological Measurements of Coastal Waters off Central California in November 2010

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Rago ◽  
Reiko Michisaki ◽  
Baldo Marinovic ◽  
Marguerite Blum
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Central California

The biogeography of origin and radiation: dendrasterid sand dollars in the northeastern Pacific

Paleobiology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Beadle
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Sand Dollar ◽  
Central California ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Northeastern Pacific ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
Transitional Forms ◽  
Sand Dollars ◽  
And Behavior

Under favorable circumstances, biogeographic and biostratigraphic data can be combined to identify accurately the time and place of origin of a given taxon, and to reconstruct the pattern of its subsequent radiation. This study considers the dendrasterid sand dollars, which are abundant today along the Pacific Coast of North America. The Neogene sand dollar record in this region is particularly good; in fact, sand dollars have traditionally been used as provincial index fossils.The dendrasterids originated in central California at the end of the Miocene; the oldest forms are dated at about 6.0–6.5 Ma. They spread south to Baja California during the Pliocene, and then north to Alaska during the Quaternary. This historical pattern is not an artifact of the record; it is consistent with independent paleogeographic evidence. The dendrasterids supplanted an older Mio-Pliocene sand dollar fauna; they are now completely dominant in the temperate coastal waters of the northeastern Pacific. They have reached this position in less than 7 m.y. since their first local appearance. The rapid rise of dendrasterids could be related to their aberrant morphology and behavior; these adaptations allow dendrasterids to suspension-feed, in a manner unique among living echinoids.Dendrasterids are characterized by “eccentric” test morphologies. Even the oldest species are highly eccentric; transitional forms are unknown. The first dendrasterids appear suddenly in the provincial “Jacalitos Stage,” above an unconformity which represents no more than about 1 m.y. They do not occur in the underlying units, although other fossil sand dollars are abundant. The dendrasterids may have arisen rapidly, through a heterochronic change in the development of older, noneccentric forms. Recent ontogenetic studies have documented the feasibility of this process.

Marine Pelagic Ciliates and Their Productivity During Summer in Plymouth Coastal Waters

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Pilling ◽  
R. J. G. Leakey ◽  
P. H. Burkill
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Water Bottle ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Ciliate Community ◽  
June July ◽  
Present Pilot Study ◽  
Trophic Role

The ciliate list for Plymouth waters has been extended by 14 species using modern taxonomic techniques. Ciliates were abundant in the plankton where they formed a significant food resource. Their community biomass and production was estimated to average 12 µ C 1 and 9 µ C 1 respectively during the summer. The ciliate community was dominated by a diverse assemblage of aloricate choreotrichs, suggesting a complex trophic role for this protozoan group.Ciliate protozoans are ubiquitous and often abundant in marine waters where they are frequently considered to play an important ecological role in trophic flux and nutrient cycling within the plankton (Fenchel, 1987). In spite of this, however, their ecological role in British coastal waters is poorly understood. In Plymouth waters, for instance, there has been only one previous study of marine pelagic Protozoa (Lackey & Lackey, 1963), despite the presence of a marine laboratory in the region for over 100 years. As the study by Lackey & Lackey (1963) focused solely upon the taxonomy of local protists, the ecological role of protozoans in Plymouth waters is unknown. To redress this anomaly the present pilot study was undertaken in Plymouth waters with the following objectives: to identify the dominant ciliates from this region using techniques unavailable to Lackey & Lackey (1963), to quantify ciliate abundance and cell sizes, and to estimate their biomass and production.Triplicate water samples were collected, using a 3-litre water bottle, from surface waters at each of four stations along a 20-km transect between Plymouth Sound (50°21'N 04°09'W) and the Eddystone Rock (50°ll'N 04°16'W) during June, July and August 1988.

Physical, Nutrient, and Biological Measurements of Coastal Waters off Central California in June 2008

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Rago ◽  
Reiko Michisaki ◽  
Baldo Marinovic ◽  
Marguerite Blum ◽  
Katherine Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Central California

Physical, Nutrient, and Biological Measurements of Coastal Waters off Central California in July 2010

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Rago ◽  
Reiko Michisaki ◽  
Baldo Marinovic ◽  
Marguerite Blum ◽  
Katherine Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Central California

Echinoid larvae from the northeast Pacific (with a key and comment on an unusual type of planktotrophic development)

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 610-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard R. Strathmann
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Strongylocentrotus Purpuratus ◽  
Strongylocentrotus Droebachiensis ◽  
Strongylocentrotus Franciscanus ◽  
Central California ◽  
Northeast Pacific ◽  
Dendraster Excentricus ◽  
Unusual Type

Larvae of all seven species of echinoids occurring in coastal waters from southern British Columbia to central California have been reared through metamorphosis. Larvae of Dendraster excentricus, Brisaster latifrons, and Strongylocentrotus franciscanus can be distinguished from all others by skeletal traits alone. Living larvae of Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus can be distinguished from all others by color of pigment spots combined with skeletal differences. Larvae of Allocentrotus fragilis and Strongylocentrotus pallidus have similar skeletons and pigment spots of the same color, so it is difficult to identify specimens even if they are alive. A key is provided for identification of echinoplutei.Development of Brisaster latifrons is similar to that of Brisaster fragilis in the Atlantic. The development is unusual for echinoderms in that large eggs develop into large feeding larvae with a long pelagic period. Moreover, the juveniles formed at metamorphosis have about the same diameter as juveniles of echinoids with much smaller eggs but similar pelagic periods.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Temporal Variation in the Cyanophage Community Infecting Marine Synechococcus Species in Rhode Island's Coastal Waters

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 4639-4647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia F. Marston ◽  
Jennifer L. Sallee
Keyword(s):  
Rhode Island ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Seawater Samples ◽  
June July ◽  
Viral Isolates

ABSTRACT The cyanophage community in Rhode Island's coastal waters is genetically diverse and dynamic. Cyanophage abundance ranged from over 104 phage ml−1 in the summer months to less then 102 phage ml−1 during the winter months. Thirty-six distinct cyanomyovirus g20 genotypes were identified over a 3-year sampling period; however, only one to nine g20 genotypes were detected at any one sampling date. Phylogenetic analyses of g20 sequences revealed that the Rhode Island cyanomyoviral isolates fall into three main clades and are closely related to other known viral isolates of Synechococcus spp. Extinction dilution enrichment followed by host range tests and PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was used to detect changes in the relative abundance of cyanophage types in June, July, and August 2002. Temporal changes in both the overall composition of the cyanophage community and the relative abundance of specific cyanophage g20 genotypes were observed. In some seawater samples, the g20 gene from over 50% of isolated cyanophages could not be amplified by using the PCR primer pairs specific for cyanomyoviruses, which suggested that cyanophages in other viral families (e.g., Podoviridae or Siphoviridae) may be important components of the Rhode Island cyanophage community.

Spawning and early life history of burramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch), in Papua New Guinea

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Moore
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
Spawning Grounds ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
June July ◽  
Dry Out ◽  
The Relationship

L. calcarifer in western Papua is catadromous, undertaking substantial migrations to specific spawning grounds. The location and environmental characteristics of these spawning grounds and possible spawning stimuli are discussed. The annual spawning period extends from October to February but that for individual fish is relatively short. Fecundity (4 varies from 2.3 × 106 to 32.2 × 106 within the weight range 7.7-20.8 kg, being related to the total weight W (in kilograms) by the relationship F = 1.942 W × 106 - 13.816 × 106. The eggs, larvae and juveniles are described. Larvae leave coastal waters when approximately 5 mm long and enter coastal nursery swamps where they remain until they attain a length of 200-300 mm. They then return to coastal waters as the nursery swamps begin to dry out (June-July).

scholarly journals Type X strains of Toxoplasma gondii are virulent for southern sea otters ( Enhydra lutris nereis) and present in felids from nearby watersheds

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1909) ◽  
pp. 20191334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Shapiro ◽  
Elizabeth VanWormer ◽  
Andrea Packham ◽  
Erin Dodd ◽  
Patricia A. Conrad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Sea Otter ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Enhydra Lutris ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Sea Otters ◽  
Central California ◽  
Enhydra Lutris Nereis ◽  
Marine Wildlife

Why some Toxoplasma gondii -infected southern sea otters ( Enhydra lutris nereis ) develop fatal toxoplasmosis while others have incidental or mild chronic infections has long puzzled the scientific community. We assessed robust datasets on T. gondii molecular characterization in relation to detailed necropsy and histopathology results to evaluate whether parasite genotype influences pathological outcomes in sea otters that stranded along the central California coast. Genotypes isolated from sea otters were also compared with T. gondii strains circulating in felids from nearby coastal regions to assess land-to-sea parasite transmission. The predominant T. gondii genotypes isolated from 135 necropsied sea otters were atypical Type X and Type X variants (79%), with the remainder (21%) belonging to Type II or Type II/X recombinants. All sea otters that died due to T. gondii as a primary cause of death were infected with Type X or X-variant T. gondii strains. The same atypical T. gondii strains were detected in sea otters with fatal toxoplasmosis and terrestrial felids from watersheds bordering the sea otter range. Our results confirm a land–sea connection for virulent T. gondii genotypes and highlight how faecal contamination can deliver lethal pathogens to coastal waters, leading to detrimental impacts on marine wildlife.

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