Near-Surface Circulation and Fate of Upper Layer Fresh Water from Rivers Runoff and Rain in the Bay of Bengal near Sri Lanka

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Centurioni
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Circulation

Ocean Salinity Aspects of the Ningaloo Niño

2021 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yaru Guo ◽  
Yuanlong Li ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Yuntao Wei
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Salinity ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Ocean Salinity

AbstractNingaloo Niño – the interannually occurring warming episode in the southeast Indian Ocean (SEIO) – has strong signatures in ocean temperature and circulation and exerts profound impacts on regional climate and marine biosystems. Analysis of observational data and eddy-resolving regional ocean model simulations reveals that the Ningaloo Niño/Niña can also induce pronounced variability in ocean salinity, causing large-scale sea surface salinity (SSS) freshening of 0.15–0.20 psu in the SEIO during its warm phase. Model experiments are performed to understand the underlying processes. This SSS freshening is mutually caused by the increased local precipitation (~68%) and enhanced fresh-water transport of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF; ~28%) during Ningaloo Niño events. The effects of other processes, such as local winds and evaporation, are secondary (~18%). The ITF enhances the southward fresh-water advection near the eastern boundary, which is critical in causing the strong freshening (> 0.20 psu) near the Western Australian coast. Owing to the strong modulation effect of the ITF, SSS near the coast bears a higher correlation with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (0.57, 0.77, and 0.70 with Niño-3, Niño-4, and Niño-3.4 indices, respectively) than sea surface temperature (-0.27, -0.42, and -0.35) during 1993-2016. Yet, an idealized model experiment with artificial damping for salinity anomaly indicates that ocean salinity has limited impact on ocean near-surface stratification and thus minimal feedback effect on the warming of Ningaloo Niño.

On the Accuracy of the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation Analysis for Estimating Heat Budgets of the Near-Surface Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal*

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
S S C. Shenoi ◽  
D. Shankar ◽  
S. R. Shetye
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Heat Budget ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Simple Ocean Data Assimilation ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Ocean Data Assimilation

Abstract The accuracy of data from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) model for estimating the heat budget of the upper ocean is tested in the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal. SODA is able to reproduce the changes in heat content when they are forced more by the winds, as in wind-forced mixing, upwelling, and advection, but not when they are forced exclusively by surface heat fluxes, as in the warming before the summer monsoon.

Dissipation in the Bay of Bengal from a Seaglider

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Damerell ◽  
Peter Sheehan ◽  
Rob Hall ◽  
Adrian Matthews ◽  
Karen Heywood
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Gradual Decrease ◽  
Vertical Flux ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Atmospheric Forcing ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Average Profile ◽  
Time Average

<p>In July 2016, a Seaglider equipped with a microstructure sensor system was deployed in the southern Bay of Bengal at 7° 54.0′ N, 89° 4.5′ E.  162 profiles (of which 146 were to 1000 m) of microstructure shear and temperature were collected as a time series at the same location.  Dissipation is calculated independently from both shear and temperature.  The time-average profile shows high dissipation (nearly 1×10<sup>-5</sup> W kg<sup>-1</sup>) near the surface, dropping rapidly over the uppermost 50 m to ~1×10<sup>-7</sup> W kg<sup>-1</sup>, followed by a more gradual decrease to ~5×10<sup>-10</sup> W kg<sup>-1</sup> at 300m.  A band of slightly higher dissipation around 500 m (~8×10<sup>-10</sup> W kg<sup>-1</sup>) could facilitate an increased vertical flux of nutrients, heat, salinity, etc at these depths.  From 600 to 1000 m dissipation remains roughly constant at ~1×10<sup>-10</sup> W kg<sup>-1</sup>.  Variability of the near surface dissipation in response to atmospheric forcing is also discussed.</p>

Analysis of Cyclone Events in Bay of Bengal and Simulation of Storm Surge in Eastern Coast of Sri Lanka

APAC 2019 ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1319-1326
Author(s):  
D. P. C. Laknath ◽  
K. A. H. S. Sewwandi ◽  
H. Hailong
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Eastern Coast
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