scholarly journals Yield and Quality of Vitis Hybrid `Suwannee' as Affected by Training System and Pruning Severity

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-368
Author(s):  
Peter C. Andersen ◽  
Charles A. Sims
Keyword(s):  
Training System ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Specific Number ◽  
Combined Data

The influence of bilateral cordon (BC) and cane training systems and level of pruning severity on vegetative and reproductive characteristics of Vitis hybrid `Suwannee' were determined from 1987 to 1989. In 1987, yield and quality were similar on BC- and cane-trained vines. In 1988, shoot count, yield, and quality were similar regardless of training system and pruning severity (50, 70, or 90 nodes per vine). When data from both training systems were combined, yield was related to the number of shoots. Vines pruned more severely compensated by producing more shoots from non-count (non-node) positions on the canes, cordon, or spurs. Similarly, in 1989 yield and berry quality were not affected by training system or levels of pruning severity (50, 70, 90, or 110 nodes), although berry weight was affected by training system, and shoot count and shoot length were affected by level of pruning severity. Interactive effects of training system and pruning level were not significant in either year. An analysis of combined data for 1989 indicated that yield was affected by the number of nodes and shoots. Thus, `Suwannee' may be trained to the BC system, which is more readily adapted to mechanization. Pruning to a specific number of nodes per vine was not critical.

scholarly journals INTERACTION OF TRAINING SYSTEM, SUMMER PRUNING AND ROOT PRUNING ON YIELD AND CANOPY DENSITY OF PEACH

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1168g-1168
Author(s):  
W.C. Olien ◽  
R.E. Williamson ◽  
C.E. Hood ◽  
D.R. Decoteau ◽  
D.C. Coston
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Training System ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Root Pruning ◽  
Parallel Study ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
Training Systems

Factorial combinations of ± root pruning (RP) and ± summer pruning (SP) were initiated in 1991 as subplots within a Redhaven/Lovell study of orchard training systems: Open Center (OC), Y-Trellis (YT), Central Leader (CL), and Meadow Orchard (MO) established in 1985. Root pruning was imposed at bloom (March 28) at 76 cm from the trunk to a depth of 45 cm. Summer pruning consisted of preharvest removal of water sprouts (June 5). Canopy density, quantified by transmittance of PAR radiation through the canopy, was greatest in OC and MO and least in YT and CL systems. SP and RP treatments further reduced canopy density by 35 to 80%. There were no main or interactive effects of SP and RP on 1991 yields or fruit quality, and also no interactive effects of orchard systems with SP and RP. Thus, SP and RP reduced canopy density without negative effects on fruit. RP, however, advanced harvest date by ca 4 days. A parallel study was also initiated in 1991 to determine the effects of root pruning distance (30, 60, 90 cm from the trunk, or no RP) on canopy density, yield, and fruit quality of mature, OC-trained Redhaven/ and Jefferson/Lovell. Reduction in canopy density without loss of yield or fruit size was obtained at a RP distance between 60 and 90 cm.

scholarly journals Urea-Doped Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles as Sustainable Nitrogen Nanofertilizers for Viticulture: Implications on Yield and Quality of Pinot Gris Grapevines

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026
Author(s):  
Federica Gaiotti ◽  
Marco Lucchetta ◽  
Giacomo Rodegher ◽  
Daniel Lorenzoni ◽  
Edoardo Longo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles

In recent years, the application of nanotechnology for the development of new “smart fertilizers” is regarded as one of the most promising solutions for boosting a more sustainable and modern grapevine cultivation. Despite showing interesting potential benefits over conventional fertilization practices, the use of nanofertilizers in viticulture is still underexplored. In this work, we investigated the effectiveness of non-toxic calcium phosphate nanoparticles (Ca3(PO4)2∙nH2O) doped with urea (U-ACP) as a nitrogen source for grapevine fertilization. Plant tests were performed for two years (2019–2020) on potted adult Pinot gris cv. vines grown under semi-controlled conditions. Four fertilization treatments were compared: N1: commercial granular fertilization (45 kg N ha−1); N2: U-ACP applied in fertigation (36 kg N ha−1); N3: foliar application of U-ACP (36 kg N ha−1); C: control, receiving no N fertilization. Plant nitrogen status (SPAD), yield parameters as well as those of berry quality were analyzed. Results here presented clearly show the capability of vine plants to recognize and use the nitrogen supplied with U-ACP nanoparticles either when applied foliarly or to the soil. Moreover, all of the quali–quantitative parameters measured in vine plants fed with nanoparticles were perfectly comparable to those of plants grown in conventional condition, despite the restrained dosage of nitrogen applied with the nanoparticles. Therefore, these results provide both clear evidence of the efficacy of U-ACP nanoparticles as a nitrogen source and the basis for the development of alternative nitrogen fertilization strategies, optimizing the dosage/benefit ratio and being particularly interesting in a context of a more sustainable and modern viticulture.

scholarly journals Performance of ‘Eragil’ peach trees grown on different training systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Alison Uberti, Clevison Luiz Giacobbo
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Training System ◽  
Productive Efficiency ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Growth Vigor ◽  
Leader Training ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Training And Pruning

The aim of this study was to evaluate phenology aspect, vigor, production and quality of ‘Eragil’ peach trees grown under different training and pruning systems. Evaluations were carried out during two seasons, 2015/16 and 2016/17. Fruit tree training and pruning systems ‘Open Center’ (3.5 × 5.0 m), ‘Ipsilon’ (1.5 × 5.0 m) and ‘Central Leader’ (0.8 × 5.0 m) were used. Phenology, vegetative growth (vigor) and yield were evaluated. ‘Central Leader’ plants showed a higher productivity and productive efficiency. ‘Open Center’ plants had a greater vigor and yield per plant, however had a lower yield by unit area. Plants with ‘Y’ shape were intermediates between ‘Open Center’ and ‘Central Leader’ in relation of the evaluated variables. ‘Central Leader’ training system can be used for peach orchards in order to increase yield and productivity indexes.

scholarly journals Effect of foliar application of sida compound fertilizer on growth, yield, and fruit chemical composition of ‘early superior’ grapevine

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Rahman M.A. Mohamed ◽  
Faruk H. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Moawd A. Mohamed ◽  
Ali Gobara
Keyword(s):  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Compound Fertilizer ◽  
Berry Quality

ABSTRACT This experiment aimed at studying the effect of Sida Compound fertilizer containing seaweed extract, natural fertilizers, growth promoters and micronutrients in chelated form on growth, yield and berry quality of table grape ‘Early Superior’. Foliar application of Sida Compound at concentration 0.05 to 0.20%, three times in a season increased shoot length, leaf area and content of N, P and K in the leaves as well as total soluble solids and total sugar contents in fruits. Yield of fruits increased by 29 and 14%, depending on the season.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Zinc Interaction Improves Yield and Quality of Submerged Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakoomat ALI ◽  
Zuhair HASNAIN ◽  
Ahmad Naeem SHAHZAD ◽  
Naeem SARWAR ◽  
Muhammad K. QURESHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Yield And Quality

Nitrogen (N) and zinc (Zn) are the two major yield-limiting factors of flooded rice cultivation systems. Both nutrients interact and affect availability of the other in alkaline calcareous soils. In order to evaluate the interactive effects of N and Zn on yield and quality of Basmati rice, a field study was conducted at Sheikhupura (Site I) and Sargodha (Site II), Pakistan. Nitrogen treatments (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg/ha) were kept in main blocks while zinc levels (0, 8, 10, 12 and 14 kg/ha) were kept in sub blocks. The main effects of N and Zn levels were significant for grain yield and yield attributes. N and Zn interaction significantly improved the grain yield, yield components and all kernel quality parameters, except kernel amylose contents. Combined application of 120 kg N/ha and 14 kg Zn/ha produced the maximum grain yields at both sites (6.12 and 5.78 t/ha). This combination also yielded the maximum kernel lengths and widths, water absorption ratio and kernel protein contents. There was a significant positive correlation between grain yield and total dry matter, panicle-bearing tillers, spikelets panicle, grain weight, and harvest index. Application of 160 kg N/ha was detrimental to yield and quality attributes and reduced the agronomic efficiency of N use at both sites. Site comparison showed that soil pH and soil nutrient contents play a significant role in determination of the optimum nitrogen and zinc fertilizer doses for maximum yields.

scholarly journals ‘Frontenac’ Grape Response to Canopy Management in North Dakota

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 288
Author(s):  
Brittany Korynta Olson ◽  
Matthew Brooke ◽  
Zhuoyu Wang ◽  
Andrej Svyantek ◽  
John Stenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Training System ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Leaf Removal ◽  
Cluster Number ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Combined Data

Experiments were conducted in 2013 and 2014 to evaluate the effects of training system and leaf removal treatments on yield and quality for ‘Frontenac’, an interspecific hybrid wine grape, at a research vineyard located near Absaraka, North Dakota. The experiment was structured as a randomized complete block design with a split-plot arrangement including four training system treatments (Geneva Double Curtain (GDC), High Cordon (HC), Vertical Shoot Positioned (VSP), Four-Arm Kniffin (4AK)), and four-leaf removal timing treatments (bloom, post-bloom, veraison, and a control, no removal) with eight replicates. In 2013, 1428 growing degree days (GDDs) accumulated in the 155 days between frost events. In 2014, 1156 GDDs accumulated in the 121 days between frost events, 272 GDDs less than the year prior. Even with the large GDD differences between years, there was no significant interaction between trellis type and leaf removal, and the main factor of leaf removal did not influence any of the fruit variables where data were collected. Combined data analysis showed no significant differences in fruit juice total soluble solids (TSS) or titratable acidity (TA). The fruit juice pH in 2013 was greater when grapes were grown in the VSP system compared to grapes grown in the other trellis systems. In 2014, live nodes and total shoots were greater for grapes grown on GDC and 4AK systems compared to grapes grown on the HC and VSP systems. Additionally, in 2014, grapes grown on the GDC system had a greater cluster number and yield when compared to grapes grown on the 4AK or VSP systems. These findings suggest that ‘Frontenac’ fruit TSS accumulation and TA were not affected by leaf removal or trellis system in North Dakota vineyards and that yield gains may be reached due to the training system without negatively affecting fruit quality.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF TRAINING SYSTEM AND PLANTING DENSITY ON GROWTH, YIELD, AND FRUIT QUALITY OF YOUNG GRAPEVINES

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 637b-637
Author(s):  
Dong-Yong Choi ◽  
Seon-Kyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Training System ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Chenin Blanc

Two training systems(open lyre and Kniffin) with two planting densities(3.3 m × 1.5-1.1 m and 1.8 m × 1.5-1.1 m, R × V, respectively) were evaluated for their effects on growth, yield, and fruit quality of fourteen grapes grafted to SO4. Cane pruning weights of vines grafted to SO4 rootstocks averaged 268.1 kg/10a. Chenin Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Clairette grapes had greater cane pruning weights. Pruning weights of vines trained to the Kniffin system with 1.8 m × 1.1 m spacing were greater. Fruit yields of young vines averaged 438.6 kg/10a, and SV 5276, Carignane, and Ugni Blanc grapes were more productive while Riesling, Grenache, Chenin Blanc, Muscat de Frontignan grapes were less productive. Yields of grapevines trained to the Kniffin system with 1.8 m × 1.1 m spacing were more productive. Fruit quality was less affected by training system and planting density, but significant varietal differences were recognized.

scholarly journals TRAINING SYSTEM AFFECTS PERFORMANCE OF TABLE GRAPE CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1178d-1178
Author(s):  
Dwight Wolfe ◽  
Gerald R. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Table Grape ◽  
Training System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Training Systems ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Weight Number ◽  
Grape Cultivars

Each of the grape cultivars [Vitis species, (L) Batch], `Concord', `Himrod', `Challenger', `Reliance', `Glenora', `Moored', planted June 1983, and `Mars' planted Spring, 1987, was trained to the 4-cane Kniffin (KN) and the Geneva Double Curtain (GDC) systems. Yield per vine, pruning weight, number of nodes, cluster weight, number of berries per cluster, berry weight, and percent soluble solids were recorded. Vines from `Reliance' trained to the KN system produced fruit with significantly higher percent soluble solids than did vines trained to the GDC. No significant differences in percent soluble solids were observed between the two training systems for the other cultivars. `Concord' produced more kg/vine of pruning weight when trained to the KN system than when trained to the GDC. Pruning weight did not differ significantly between the two training systems for the other cultivars. Cultivars more productive (yield/vine) on the GDC trellis were `Concord', `Himrod', `Reliance' and `Moored' whereas `Challenger' was more productive when vines were trained to the KN system. No differences between the two training systems were observed for `Glenora' or `Mars'.

scholarly journals Interaction of Supplementary Light and CO2 Enrichment Improves Growth, Photosynthesis, Yield, and Quality of Tomato in Autumn through Spring Greenhouse Production

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonghua Pan ◽  
Juanjuan Ding ◽  
Gege Qin ◽  
Yunlong Wang ◽  
Linjie Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Co2 Enrichment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Yield And Quality

During the autumn/spring “off” season, yield and quality of tomatoes are often affected by insufficient CO2 and low light in greenhouse production. Although tomato is one of the most widely cultivated vegetables, few studies have investigated the interactive effects of supplementary light and CO2 enrichment on its growth, photosynthesis, yield, and fruit quality in greenhouse production. This study investigates the effects of supplementary light (200 ± 20 μmol·m–2·s–1) and CO2 enrichment (increases to about 800 μmol·mol–1), independently and in combination, on these parameters in autumn through spring tomato production. Compared with tomatoes grown under ambient CO2 concentrations and no supplementary light (CaLn), supplementary light (CaLs) and supplementary light and CO2 enrichment (CeLs) significantly promoted growth and dry weight accumulation. Meanwhile, CO2 enrichment (CeLn) and CaLs significantly improved photosynthetic pigment contents and net photosynthetic (Pn) rates, whereas CeLs further improved these and also increased water use efficiency (WUE). CeLn, CaLs, and CeLs significantly increased single fruit weight by 16.2%, 28.9%, and 36.6%, and yield per plant by 19.0%, 35.6%, and 60.8%, respectively. The effect of supplementary light on these parameters was superior to that of CO2 enrichment. In addition, CaLs and CeLs improved nutritional quality significantly. Taken together, CeLs promoted the greatest yield, WUE, and fruit quality, suggesting it may be a worthwhile practice for off-season tomato cultivation.

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