scholarly journals RUNNERING RESPONSE OF DIVERSE STRAWBERRY GENOTYPES

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 657d-657
Author(s):  
Carolyn L. Paynter ◽  
Barbara M. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
Conventional Methods

The National Plant Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, houses over 700 different Fragaria genotypes. Many of these produce few or no runners, making propagation difficult by in vitro or conventional methods. Experiments were run to determine the response of non-runnering genotypes to environmental conditions and GA3 treatments. Two groups of plants of 12 genotypes were grown in a 25°C growth chamber (GC) with 24 h light. One group was sprayed twice with 500 ppm GA3, 24 h apart, while a second group was not sprayed. Control plants of each genotype were grown at ambient temperature and long days and were not sprayed with GA3. Both F. vesca L. cultivars and day-neutral genotypes produced significantly more runners with the GA3 GC treatment than the unsprayed GC or the control. Most June-bearing cultivars had improved runnering with both GC treatments. A separate experiment using 30 genotypes with two GA3 sprays (500 ppm, 24 h apart) at ambient temperature and long daylength showed that plants with the GA3 sprays produced significantly more runners than unsprayed controls. In both experiments, GA3 sprays improved runner production by most of the unresponsive Fragaria genotypes.

Relationship between ambient temperature and acetylating capacity of human blood

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 955-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Blondheim ◽  
Gabriel Neumann ◽  
Edna Kott ◽  
Zena Ben-Ishai
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
September 11 ◽  
Aminobenzoic Acid ◽  
Heat Acclimatization ◽  
The Subject

The ability of human blood to acetylate p-aminobenzoic acid, determined in vitro, varied directly with the ambient temperature to which the subject was exposed before the blood was drawn. This was demonstrated by 135 determinations of the acetylating ability of the blood of 49 subjects performed over a period of 3 years, and also in acute experiments in which subjects were exposed to 6 and 37 C for up to 2 hr. Variations in the acetylating ability of blood may reflect the activity of metabolic mechanisms involved in thermal homeostasis. aromatic amines; p-aminobenzoic acid; cold; heat acclimatization; (blood) enzymes; weather; environment Submitted on September 11, 1962

scholarly journals Methodology for comprehensive cell-level analysis of wound healing experiments using deep learning in MATLAB

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Oldenburg ◽  
Lisa Maletzki ◽  
Anne Strohbach ◽  
Paul Bellé ◽  
Stefan Siewert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Relative Error ◽  
Medical Image Analysis ◽  
Learning Algorithms ◽  
Cell Velocity ◽  
Population Scale ◽  
Conventional Methods

Abstract Background Endothelial healing after deployment of cardiovascular devices is particularly important in the context of clinical outcome. It is therefore of great interest to develop tools for a precise prediction of endothelial growth after injury in the process of implant deployment. For experimental investigation of re-endothelialization in vitro cell migration assays are routinely used. However, semi-automatic analyses of live cell images are often based on gray value distributions and are as such limited by image quality and user dependence. The rise of deep learning algorithms offers promising opportunities for application in medical image analysis. Here, we present an intelligent cell detection (iCD) approach for comprehensive assay analysis to obtain essential characteristics on cell and population scale. Results In an in vitro wound healing assay, we compared conventional analysis methods with our iCD approach. Therefore we determined cell density and cell velocity on cell scale and the movement of the cell layer as well as the gap closure between two cell monolayers on population scale. Our data demonstrate that cell density analysis based on deep learning algorithms is superior to an adaptive threshold method regarding robustness against image distortion. In addition, results on cell scale obtained with iCD are in agreement with manually velocity detection, while conventional methods, such as Cell Image Velocimetry (CIV), underestimate cell velocity by a factor of 0.5. Further, we found that iCD analysis of the monolayer movement gave results just as well as manual freehand detection, while conventional methods again shows more frayed leading edge detection compared to manual detection. Analysis of monolayer edge protrusion by ICD also produced results, which are close to manual estimation with an relative error of 11.7%. In comparison, the conventional Canny method gave a relative error of 76.4%. Conclusion The results of our experiments indicate that deep learning algorithms such as our iCD have the ability to outperform conventional methods in the field of wound healing analysis. The combined analysis on cell and population scale using iCD is very well suited for timesaving and high quality wound healing analysis enabling the research community to gain detailed understanding of endothelial movement.

scholarly journals Acyl-CoA oxidase complexes control the chemical message produced by Caenorhabditis elegans

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (13) ◽  
pp. 3955-3960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxing Zhang ◽  
Likui Feng ◽  
Satya Chinta ◽  
Prashant Singh ◽  
Yuting Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Substrate Preferences ◽  
Acyl Coa Oxidase ◽  
Coa Thioesters

Caenorhabditis elegans uses ascaroside pheromones to induce development of the stress-resistant dauer larval stage and to coordinate various behaviors. Peroxisomal β-oxidation cycles are required for the biosynthesis of the fatty acid-derived side chains of the ascarosides. Here we show that three acyl-CoA oxidases, which catalyze the first step in these β-oxidation cycles, form different protein homo- and heterodimers with distinct substrate preferences. Mutations in the acyl-CoA oxidase genes acox-1, -2, and -3 led to specific defects in ascaroside production. When the acyl-CoA oxidases were expressed alone or in pairs and purified, the resulting acyl-CoA oxidase homo- and heterodimers displayed different side-chain length preferences in an in vitro activity assay. Specifically, an ACOX-1 homodimer controls the production of ascarosides with side chains with nine or fewer carbons, an ACOX-1/ACOX-3 heterodimer controls the production of those with side chains with seven or fewer carbons, and an ACOX-2 homodimer controls the production of those with ω-side chains with less than five carbons. Our results support a biosynthetic model in which β-oxidation enzymes act directly on the CoA-thioesters of ascaroside biosynthetic precursors. Furthermore, we identify environmental conditions, including high temperature and low food availability, that induce the expression of acox-2 and/or acox-3 and lead to corresponding changes in ascaroside production. Thus, our work uncovers an important mechanism by which C. elegans increases the production of the most potent dauer pheromones, those with the shortest side chains, under specific environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Super Cooling Point Phenotypes and Cold Resistance in Hyles euphorbiae Hawk Moths from Different Climate Zones

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Hana Daneck ◽  
Matthias Benjamin Barth ◽  
Martin Geck ◽  
Anna K. Hundsdoerfer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Frost Tolerance ◽  
Cold Sensitivity ◽  
Cold Hardy ◽  
Hyles Euphorbiae

The spurge hawkmoth Hyles euphorbiae L. (Sphingidae) comprises a remarkable species complex with still not fully resolved taxonomy. Its extensive natural distribution range covers diverse climatic zones. This predestinates particular populations to cope with different local seasonally unfavorable environmental conditions. The ability of the pupae to overcome outer frosty conditions is well known. However, the differences between two main ecotypes (‘euphorbiae’ and ‘tithymali’) in terms of the inherent degree of frost tolerance, its corresponding survival strategy, and underlying mechanism have not been studied in detail so far. The main aim of our study was to test the phenotypic exhibition of pupae (as the relevant life cycle stadia to outlast unfavorable conditions) in response to combined effects of exogenous stimuli, such as daylight length and cooling regime. Namely, we tested the turnout of subitan (with fast development, unadapted to unfavorable conditions) or diapause (paused development, adapted to unfavorable external influences and increased resistance) pupae under different conditions, as well as their mortality, and we measured the super cooling point (SCP) of whole pupae (in vivo) and pupal hemolymph (in vitro) as phenotypic indicators of cold acclimation. Our results show higher cold sensitivity in ‘tithymali’ populations, exhibiting rather opportunistic and short-termed cold hardiness, while ‘euphorbiae’ produces a phenotype of seasonal cold-hardy diapause pupae under a combined effect of short daylight length and continuous cold treatment. Further differences include the variability in duration and mortality of diapause pupae. This suggests different pre-adaptations to seasonal environmental conditions in each ecotype and may indicate a state of incipient speciation within the H. euphorbiae complex.

scholarly journals Microelements content in leaves of raspberry cv. Willamette as affected by foliar nutrition and substrates

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ž. Karaklajić-Stajić ◽  
I.S. Glišić ◽  
Dj. Ružić ◽  
T. Vujović ◽  
M. Pešaković
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Iron Content ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Planting Material

Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivar Willamette has long been the most commonly grown raspberry cultivar in Serbia, which is owing to high adaptability of the cultivar to respective agro-environmental conditions. Massive dieback of full bearing plantings is a major problem in raspberry growing hence quality planting material is a must when establishing new raspberry plantings. The study was conducted under protected conditions (in screenhouse) on plants obtained by micropropagation in vitro. In order to achieve optimal vegetative potential, plants were grown for two consecutive years (2004–2005) on two substrates (Steckmedium and Seedling) using three foliar fertilizers (Wuxal, Murtonik and Ferticare). The study revealed optimal vegetative growth in plants studied, excess manganese (150.60-214.52 mg/g), optimum iron content (94.00-123.50 mg/g), and zinc (28.60-31.00 mg/g) and copper (3.10-4.00 mg/g) deficiencies, based on the referent values of microelements content. The assessment of nutritional status of plants by the DOP index suggested significant differences in microelements imbalance when different foliar fertilizers and substrates are applied.

scholarly journals Avaliação de Tratamentos de Superação de Dormência em Sementes do Delonix regia (Boger ex Hook.) Raf coletadas no Horto Florestal Tote Garcia, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Amorim Marques ◽  
Osvaldo Borges Pinto Junior ◽  
Vera Lucia Lopes Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Breaking Dormancy ◽  
Manual Counting ◽  
The Family ◽  
Temperature Water

A árvore Delonix regia (flamboyant) pertence à família Fabaceae, subfamília Caesalpinioideae, originário da ilha de Madagascar. Tem potencial valor econômico ornamental, pois se trata de uma espécie extremamente florífera e exuberante, indicada para programas de arborização, como parques, praças e jardins, sendo inadequada para ruas e avenidas, devido a suas raízes serem caracterizadas como superficiais. Essa espécie exótica, adaptada as condições ambientais de clima tropical, tem porte de 10 – 12m de altura, de tronco volumoso, espesso, com raízes tabulares. Por apresentar características de dormência tegumentar, este trabalho teve objetivo de avaliar alguns tratamentos para superação de dormência das sementes do Delonix regia. O experimento foi do tipo quantitativo, em que as sementes foram submetidas a três tratamentos e uma testemunha, em um total de 4 tratamentos, com 75 sementes cada. A emergência foi observada in locu, por meio de contagem manual. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: escarificação mecânica com lixa (n° 120); imersão em água em temperatura ambiente por 72 horas, choque térmico com imersão das sementes em água a 80 ºC por 05 min e a testemunha em que não houve nenhuma intervenção. Observou-se que a escarificação mecânica e o choque térmico proporcionaram os melhores resultados para superação de dormência das sementes do Delonix regia.Palavras-chave: Paisagismo. Dormência. Emergência.AbstractThe tree Delonix regia (flamboyant) belongs to the family Fabaceae, subfamily Caesalpinioideae, originally from the island of Madagascar. It has the potential ornamental economic value, because it is an extremely floriferous and exuberant species suitable for reforestations programs such as parks,and gardens, being inappropriate for streets and avenues, because its roots are characterized as superficial. This exotic species, adapted to the environmental conditions of tropical climate, reaches size of 10-12 m tall, large trunk, dense with tabular roots. It is renowned for being an extremely floriferous and exuberant species. By presenting cutaneous numbness characteristics, the objective of this study was to evaluate some treatments to overcome dormancy of seeds Delonix regia. The experiment was the quantitative type, in which the seeds were subjectedto three treatments and a control, a total of 4 treatments with 75 seeds each. The emergence was observed in locus through manual counting. The treatments were mechanical scarification with sandpaper (#120); immersion in ambient temperature water for 72 hours, thermal shock deep soaking the seeds in water at 80 °C for 5 minutes and the control, which had no intervention. It was observed that the mechanical scarification and thermal shock provided the best results for breaking dormancy of seeds Delonix regia.Keywords: Landscaping. Emergency Seedling. Dormancy

In vitro studies on the induction of sporogenous tissue on leaves of cinnamon fern. I. Environmental factors

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 2673-2682 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Harvey ◽  
James D. Caponetti
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Light Phase ◽  
Sporogenous Tissue ◽  
Light Darkness

Intact, set III, cinnamon fern cataphyll and frond primordia, which were shown to have no predisposition to fertility in situ, produced sporangia when excised and cultured under sterile conditions in Knudson's medium supplemented with various levels of sucrose and maintained on 11 different regimens of light, darkness, and temperature for 10 weeks. Increasing levels of sucrose resulted in increased fertility under all environmental conditions, but the highest percentage of fertility was obtained under conditions of continuous dark at 26 °C. As the length of the light phase of the photoperiods decreased, a progressive increase in induction of fertile leaves was observed, suggesting that periods of long light exposure are inhibitory to the initiation of sporangia. Conversely, as the light intensity was increased, an inhibition of sporophyll differentiation occurred. Sporangia excised from dark-induced sporophylls and cultured in the light produced viable spores which germinated yielding haploid gametophytes that ultimately produced sporophytes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document