scholarly journals WATERMELON CULTIVAR EVALUATIONS

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 872d-872
Author(s):  
Warren Roberts ◽  
Penny Perkins-Veazie ◽  
Jonathan Edelson ◽  
Jim Shrefler ◽  
Lynn Brandenberger
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Black Plastic

Forty-one watermelon cultivars were compared for yield and fruit size. Fields were prepared with raised beds 1 m wide covered with black plastic and equipped with drip irrigation. Plots were 2.7 m wide × 15.2 m long, with 10 plants being spaced 2.7 m apart in the row, and the remaining 6.1 m of each plot being used as a buffer zone. There were 4 replications of each plot, arranged as a randomized complete block. Seeds were placed in pre-moistened Jiffy-9 pellets in a greenhouse on 16 June 2003. Germinated seedlings were transplanted to the field on June 30. There were 27 triploid cultivars grown, with an average yield of 34.3 t·ha–1, and 14 diploid cultivars grown, also with an average of 34.3 t·ha–1. The three highest yielding diploids were `Gold Strike' with 51.7 t·ha–1, `Jamboree' with 44.8 t·ha–1, and `Dulce'with 43.0 t·ha–1. The three highest yielding triploids were `Sweet Slice' with 49.1 t·ha–1, `Sweet Delight' with 46.6 t·ha–1, and `Samba' with 45.0 t·ha–1. Small, personal sized melons are gaining popularity in the markets, and several small sized cultivars were included in this study. The cultivars with the smallest fruit, and their average fruit sizes, were `HA 5133', 2.6 kg; `HA 6007', 2.7 kg; `HA 5109', 2.8 kg; `Minipol', 3.0 kg; `WD-02-05', 3.4 kg; `HA 6008', 3.4 kg; `HSR 2920', 3.5 kg; `HA 6009], 3.7 kg; `HA 5116', 3.7 kg; and `WT-03-05', 4.2 kg.

scholarly journals Scion-stock combinations of garden plum for intensive horticulture

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
G. V. Eremin ◽  
O. A. Gorelikova
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Intensive Farming ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Plum Varieties

The study aimed to identify scion-stock combinations of early-maturing high-yield plum varieties and determine their cost-effectiveness. Long-term research was conducted at the Department of Fruit and Grape Genetic Resources and Breeding of the Crimean Experimental Breeding Station between 2008 and 2018. Continuous trials of scion-stock garden plum combinations during vegetation and fruiting produced optimal varieties for intensive cultivation with low- (VVA 1, Best) and mid-vigour (Kuban 86, Eureka 99, Druzhba) clone stocks. The Kubanskiy Karlik cultivar was the earliest maturing out of the VVA 1 stock cultivars, with an average yield of 7 kg/tree. Experimentally selected mid-vigour clone stocks that were found to be suitable and promising for intensive farming were Kuban 86, Eureka 99 and Druzhba. In terms of productivity and fruit size of the studied industrial varieties, the Best cultivar was selected from the low-growth clonal rootstocks using drip irrigation. The garden plum cultivars selected to be grafted on VVA 1 for intensive irrigation-based farming were: Kubanskaya Legenda, Golubaya Mechta, Sinyaya Ptitsa, Ballada, Naslednitsa, Debut, Stanley, Osenniy Suvenir. In non-irrigated areas, combinations that resulted in the highest yield (over 14 t/ha) were: Ballada/Eureka 99, Stanley/Druzhba, Sinyaya Ptitsa/Druzhba, Ballada/Druzhba, Ballada/Zarevo, Stanley/Eureka 99 and Sinyaya Ptitsa/ Eureka 99 for planting in 5×3 m plots; Kubanskaya Legenda/Best, Sinyaya Ptitsa/VSV 1 and Stanley/Best for planting in 5×1.5 m plots.

Effect of Irrigation Methods and Mulching on Growth and Seed Yield of Semialata

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
SK SRIVASTAVA ◽  
PAWAN JEET
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Requirement ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Black Plastic

A study was conducted to assess the effect of drip irrigation and plastic mulch on growth and seed yield of Semialata. Two types of plastic mulch (green and silver/black) were tested at three levels of irrigation (120%, 100% and 80%) by drip irrigation and one level (100%) by furrow irrigation. The daily water requirement of Semialata was estimated by the equation ETcrop= ETox crop factor. ETcrop is crop water requirement mm/day. ETo (reference evapotranspiration, mm/day) was calculated by FAO calculator which uses temperature and humidity data. In this experiments there were twelve treatments were considered. The treatments were replicated thrice. The experiment was laid in randomized block design. It was observed that drip irrigation with or without plastic mulch is yielding better results in terms of growth parameters and seed yield as compared to furrow irrigation without plastic mulch. It was also observed that maximum suppression (67.58%) of weeds resulted with drip irrigation and silver/black plastic mulch at 80% level of irrigation.

scholarly journals The efficiency of different moisture and nutrition conditions in early potato growing under drip irrigation in southern Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Raisa Vozhehova ◽  
Galina Balashova ◽  
Liubov Boiarkina ◽  
Olesya Yuzyuk ◽  
Sergey Yuzyuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Early Potato ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Irrigation Rate ◽  
The Third ◽  
Additional Control ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Tuber Treatment ◽  
Southern Ukraine

The article presents field research results on the effectiveness of different moisture and nutrition conditions at the cultivation of early potato under drip irrigation in southern Ukraine. The scheme of the experiment included the treatment with the complex Mochevyn K as an additional control and different methods and correlation of fertilizers Plantafol (treatment of tubers before planting, fertilizing, at budding and their combination), as well as different soil moisture conditions (irrigation rates of 100 and 200 m?/ha). Studies have shown that the average yield of early potato without irrigation was 10.44 t/ha. Moisture conditions significantly affected the yield of young tubers - irrigation at a rate of 200 m?/ha provided 21.61 t/ha, whereas reducing the irrigation rate to 100 m?/ha led to a decrease in yield - 19.86 t/ha. The first treatment of planting tubers, treatment of plants at sprouting and during budding provided almost the same yield. The second and the third treatments of plants and tubers did not lead to a significant increase in yield. The highest productivity of potato was provided by Plantafol treatment of tubers and combination of tuber treatment with foliar feeding at mass sprouting phase with a 200 m?/ha irrigation rate for two years: 24.16 and 23.22 t/ha.

scholarly journals 537 PB 043 ROWCOVER AND BLACK PLASTIC MULCH EFFECTS ON TOMATO PRODUCTIONS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 508d-508
Author(s):  
Ibrahim G. Rubeiz ◽  
Marlene M. Freiwat
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Fruit Setting ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Yield Time ◽  
And Control

Tomato cv. Alwadi were grown under floating rowcover, black plastic mulch, mulch plus rowcover, or no protection i.e. control, for studying the effect on yield in terms of earliness, total yield and average fruit size. Early yield was significantly increased by the mulch treatment while the rowcover treatment yielded the least (P < 0.05). Total yield was increased by the mulch and mulch plus rowcover treatments, while the rowover and control treatments yielded the least (P < 0.05). Soil temperature at 10 cm depth varied between 1° to 2°C only under the different treatments. Air temperature under the rowcover exceeded 35 to 40°C on many days, hence causing fruit setting problems and resulting in reduced early yield under the rowcover. Our results show that earliness is enhanced by black plastic mulch, while the rowcover alone can have a negative effect on yield. Time of rowcover removal above the mulch warrants further research.

scholarly journals Strawberry Plasticulture in North Carolina: II. Preplant, Planting, and Postplant Considerations for Growing `Chandler' Strawberry on Black Plastic Mulch

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.B. Poling
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Sprinkler System ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Spring Harvest ◽  
Freeze Protection

North Carolina is experiencing a revitalization of the strawberry industry due to the adoption of plasticulture technologies and the California cultivar Chandler, which produces excellent yields and fruit quality on black plastic mulch. With this system, berries can be harvested in just 7 to 8 months after planting. The spring harvest season can last up to 6 weeks in most years. Strawberry plasticulture growers in North Carolina typically experience yields of 17,000 to 18,000 lb/acre (19,054 to 20,174 kg·ha-1). Cash expenses for the system are about $4345/acre ($10,736/ha). The system requires both an overhead sprinkler system for blossom and bud frost/freeze protection, and drip irrigation for supplying water and fertilizer in the prebloom, bloom, and fruiting periods. Sandy loam and clay loam soils are ideal for forming the lo-inch-high (25.4-cm) beds with bedding machines. Usually, 33% of the N, 50% of the K, and all of the P is applied preplant, with the remaining N and K applied through the drip-irrigation system. Problems associated with the plasticulture system include higher initial investment relative to matted-row production, and only one fruiting season is possible with the anthracnose-susceptible `Chandler' in the southeastern United States.

scholarly journals Fruit Quality and Resistance of Strawberry Cultivars and Hybrids and the Effect of Calcite Fertiliser

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 198-202
Author(s):  
Valda Laugale ◽  
Sandra Dane ◽  
Līga Lepse ◽  
Sarmīte Strautiņa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Horticultural Crop ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars ◽  
Resistance To Diseases

AbstractStrawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duchense ex Rozier) is an important horticultural crop grown in Latvia. The aim of this research was to evaluate some newly introduced strawberry cultivars and perspective hybrids and to evaluate the efficiency of natural calcite leaf fertiliser (Megagreen®) on strawberry fruit quality and spread of pests and diseases. The trial was established in 2012 at Pûre, Tukums Municipality. Cultivars ‘Saint Pierre’, ‘Annapolis’, ’Sonata’, ‘Chambly’, ‘Elegance’, ‘Rumba’, ‘Honeoye’, ‘Senga Sengana’ and two hybrids: 35-1 and 39-1 were included in the investigation. Calcite fertiliser was applied four times per season in 2013 and 2014 by spraying on leaves in concentration 0.5%. Strawberries were grown on two row beds with black plastic mulch and drip irrigation. The evaluation was done for two seasons. Most of the evaluated newly introduced cultivars and hybrids had better fruit quality and resistance to diseases than control cultivars. Cultivars ‘Annapolis’, ’Rumba’, ‘Sonata’, ‘Elegance’, and 39-1 were selected as the most promising related to fruit quality and resistance. The application of calcite fertiliser (Megagreen®) on leaves had no statistically significant effect on strawberry fruit quality and resistance.

Effect of Plant Population on Muskmelon Yield and Quality

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 545c-545
Author(s):  
Allan C. Thornton ◽  
Jonathan R. Schultheis ◽  
S. Alan Walters
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Black Plastic ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Muskmelon plant populations and arrangements were evaluated at two sites in North Carolina in 1997. Within-row plant spacings of single rows were 0.15, 0.30, 0.46, 0.61, and 0.76 m, while staggered twin row spacings were 0.30, 0.46, and 0.61 m. The trials were conducted on black plastic with drip irrigation at both locations using the `Athena' cultivar. One trial was seeded 22 Apr., the other was transplanted 21 May. Yield was recorded as fruit number and weight. Soluble solids measurements were also taken. Yields were nearly two times greater when planted on 22 Apr. than 21 May. Yields in the later planting ranged between 13,300 and 18,800 melons per hectare, while yields in the earlier planting ranged between 23,700 and 31,600 melons per hectare. Populations arranged in staggered twin rows on the bed provided no yield advantage compared with single rows. As in-row plant spacing increased, yields of large-sized fruit (>2.0 kg) tended to be greater, while production of smaller size marketable fruit (1.4 to 2.0 kg) tended to be greater as in-row plant spacing decreased. Soluble solids were not affected by plant population.

scholarly journals A tomato selection experiment

1961 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Relative Performance ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Fruit Number ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Previous Generation ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Made In

All 153 crosses between 18 tomato varieties were grown in F1, F2, F3 and F4. The F2, F3 and F4 were derived by selfing one plant of the previous generation. The F2 plant chosen to give the F3 was selected (1 in 20) for early yield; and the F3 plant chosen to give the F4 was similarly selected. Flowering date was an unsatisfactory character. In crosses segregating for the Mendelian gene ‘uniform’, a significant excess of heterozygotes was selected. The parents transmitted variability of yield (as well as average yield) to their offspring. The division of yield into its components fruit number and fruit size is useful because (1) much of the heterosis in yield can be viewed as a combination effect between these components, (2) the components responded differently to selection, (3) different components showed phenotypic dominance in different directions. The average yield and fruit number responded as expected to selection; fruit size did not. The F1 generation means for all three characters exceeded the parental means; but the crosses were grouped more compactly about their generation mean than were the parents, so that heterosis rarely occurred in crosses involving the best parents. The yields of each cross were analysed into parental main effects (general combining abilities) and interactions (specific combining abilities). No useful prediction of interactions could be made in any generation, either from the same generation in different years or from different generations in the same year. The main effects (general c.a.) were analysed into a part due to regression on parental yield, and a deviation from that regression. No useful prediction of the deviations from parental regression could be made in generations which had responded to selection. The actual advance under selection of different crosses, although not uniform, was unpredictable. During advance under selection, the parental means gave predictions of the (relative) performance of each generation's crosses which were as good as predictions based on the previous generation. This may, of course, be connected with the fact that the parents were inbred and that the amount of heterozygosity decreases in each successive generation. These results indicate, therefore, that in an inbreeding species propagated by seed, the early hybrid generations tell us nothing more than do the parental yields about the relative performance of the inbred lines that can be selected from those hybrids. (This generalization from Lycopersicon esculentum to inbreeders as a whole may, of course, be false.) The relative performance of F1 hybrids, on the other hand, is better predicted from other F1 crosses involving the parents concerned than from the yields of those parents. There was phenotypic dominance of high yield, large fruit number and low fruit weight. The extent of this dominance was not enough to invalidate the analysis by general combining abilities; and since it varied from year to year and from generation to generation, the emphasis that should be given to the top-parent (in contrast to the bottom-parent) in predicting the yields of crosses after selection, is as yet unpredictable.

scholarly journals Performance of elite banana (Musa acuminata, AAA) cultivars in four locations of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-221
Author(s):  
Héber Irizarry ◽  
Edmundo Rivera ◽  
Isabel Beauchamp de Caloni ◽  
Rubén Guadalupe
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Musa Acuminata ◽  
South Coast ◽  
High Rainfall ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Semi Arid

Dwarf banana cultivars were evaluated for yield and fruit quality under different ecological conditions over a 3-year period. Under semi-arid conditions at Santa Isabel (south coast) with drip irrigation, cultivars Ziv and Grand Nain averaged 60,465 kg/ha/year of marketable fruits, equivalent to 3,322 boxes. At Yabucoa, with high rainfall and no irrigation, cultivars Valery and Grand Nain averaged 50,765 kg/ha/year, or 2,789 boxes. The removal of two or more lower hands soon after bunch shooting significantly reduced yields in all cultivars but increased fruit size and weight in the distal hand. Taste panel evaluations of appearance, flavor, texture and overall acceptability classified ethylene-ripened fruits of Grand Nain, Valery and Johnson as "acceptable" for the fresh-fruit market. When properly ripened, none of the cultivars were affected by "finger drops."

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