scholarly journals Characterizing the U.S. Melon Market

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 795-803
Author(s):  
Ariana Torres ◽  
Petrus Langenhoven ◽  
Bridget K. Behe
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Sweet Food ◽  
Intermediate Consumption ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Cluster 2 ◽  
Per Capita Consumption ◽  
Ideal Group ◽  
The Ideal

The domestic market for melons, Cucumis melo L., has not been well characterized. The 2011 cantaloupe-related foodborne illness outbreak reduced melon production by 32%, and per capita consumption of cantaloupe and honeydew melons has not recovered. Our objective was to profile and characterize consumer segments of individuals who purchased melons in the 3 months before the survey. Responses from 1718 participants were analyzed by consumption volume and subjected to cluster analysis based on importance of melon attributes. Heavy and moderate consumers preferred local melons over imported. The top four melon attributes were flavor, freshness, ripeness, and sweetness. As consumption increased, consumers placed more importance for their diets. The heaviest consumption group accounted for 22% of the market, and consumed nearly three times the melon servings per month compared with the moderate consumer, and nearly 10 times the servings of the light consumption group. Cluster analysis produced three distinct clusters. Cluster 1 was the most promelon in attitudes and consumption, as well as general health interest, craving sweet food, food pleasure, and variety seeking in foods. The largest segment was cluster 3 and was the ideal group for future targeting of marketing and advertising campaigns for increasing the melon market share with their intermediate consumption and promelon attitudes. Last, members of cluster 2 consumed the lowest amount of melons, spent the least on melons, and traveled the fewest number of miles to purchase them, relative to the other two segments.

Market Analysis of the Per Capita Consumption of Smoke Condensate and Nicotine in the Federal Republic of Germany Between 1961 – 1970/Trendanalysen zum Problem des Verbrauches an Nikotin und Rauchkondensat in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland für die Jahre 1961-1970

1971 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Misfeld ◽  
J. Timm
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
Market Analysis ◽  
Cigarette Consumption ◽  
Capita Consumption ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Bundesrepublik Deutschland ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

AbstractOn the basis of numerous research results and data on the development of nicotine and condensate contents of German cigarettes, of their respective shares in the market, the smoked length of cigarettes, and of the pro capita consumption of cigarettes in the Federal Republic of Germany, an estimate has been prepared on the yearly pro capita consumption of smoke condensate and nicotine in the Federal Republic covering the years 1961-1970. The values for 1961 amount to 40.2 g of smoke condensate (crude) and to 2.04 g of nicotine. The values for 1970 are found to be only 29.4 g and 1.63 g respectively. That means that the consumption of smoke condensate and nicotine in the Federal Republic has decreased during the last ten years. The share of smokers having remained almost the same, the consumption of smoke condensate and nicotine per smoker is, as well, found to have decreased by about 27 % and 20 % respectively during the years between 1961 and 1970 despite an increased cigarette consumption.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic phenotypes of patients with sickle cell disease. An unsupervised analysis based on etendard cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T D"humieres ◽  
J Inamo ◽  
S Deswarte ◽  
T Damy ◽  
G Loko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Diastolic Function ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Clinical Profiles ◽  
Cluster 2

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): PHRC Backgroung Echocardiography is the cornerstone in the diagnosis of cardiopulmonary involvement in sickle cell disease (SCD). However, given the unique pathophysiology of SCD associating high cardiac output, and various degrees of peripheral vasculopathy, differentiate the pathological from the physiological using echocardiography can be particularly challenging. Purpose This study sought to link cardiac phenotypes in homozygous SCD patients with clinical profiles and outcomes using cluster analysis. Methods We analyzed data of 379 patients with a sufficient echographic dataset included in the French Etendard Cohort, a prospective cohort initially designed to assess the prevalence of pulmonary hypertension. A cluster analysis was performed on echocardiographic variables, and the association between clusters and clinical profiles and outcomes was assessed. Results Three clusters were identified. Cluster 1 (N = 122) patients had the lowest cardiac output, only mild left cavities remodeling, diastolic dysfunction, and high tricuspid regurgitation velocity (TRV). They were predominantly female, as old as cluster 2, and displayed the most severe functional limitation. Cluster 2 (N = 103) patients had the highest cardiac output, left ventricular mass and a severely dilated left atrium. Diastolic function and TRV were similar to cluster 1. These patients had a higher blood pressure and a severe hemolytic anemia. Cluster 3 (N = 154) patients had mild left cavities remodeling, the best diastolic function and the lowest TRV. They were younger patients with the highest hemoglobin and lowest hemolytic markers. Right heart catheterization was performed in 94 patients. Cluster 1 gathered the majority of precapillary PH while cluster 2 gathered postcapillary PH and no PH was found in cluster 3. After a follow-up of 9.9 years (IQR: 9.3 to 10.5 years) death occurred in 38 patients (10%). Clusters 2 had the worst prognosis with 18% mortality rate vs. 12% in cluster 2 and 5% in cluster 1 (P log-rank = 0,02). Results are summarized in the central illustration. Conclusions Cluster analysis of echocardiographic variables identified 3 phenotypes among SCD patients, each associated with different clinical features and outcome. These findings underlines the necessity to rethink echocardiographic evaluation of SCD patients, with an integrative approach based on simultaneous evaluation of TRV along with left cavities remodeling and diastolic parameters. Abstract Figure.

scholarly journals Development and Structural Changes of Carbon Footprint in EU28

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4771
Author(s):  
Josef Slaboch ◽  
Pavlína Hálová ◽  
Adriana Laputková
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Topical Issue ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Index Analysis ◽  
Per Capita

This paper discusses the topical issue which examines the development of CO2 emissions in individual countries of the European Union (EU28) for the period between 2000 and 2017. Carbon footprint is monitored in four basic economic sectors of the EU28 countries—energy, other industries, agriculture, and waste management. The purpose of this paper is to conduct a structural analysis of the percentage contribution of individual sectors while determining the average conversion of emissions in tonnes per capita for individual countries, subsequently identifying the tendencies in the development of the detected rates. A cluster analysis for the EU28 that demonstrate similar carbon footprint values in the examined economic areas is conducted for the findings. The partial aim of the paper is to perform a comparison of the monitored countries and detect whether the differences between those striving for decarbonisation are diminishing. The energy industry is the most significant contributor to emission levels. The index analysis indicates that the level of emissions throughout the EU28 in all the monitored sectors has decreased, predominantly in waste management (by 40%,) which is followed by industry (17%), energy (by 16.2%), and agriculture (by 5%). The cluster analysis conducted for 2000 and 2017 has confirmed the convergence of the identified groups of the EU28. Individual clusters of the countries thus display minor differences and converge in general.

scholarly journals Water footprint of Xiamen city from production and consumption perspectives (2001–2012)

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 472-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiefeng Kang ◽  
Jianyi Lin ◽  
Shenghui Cui ◽  
Xiangyang Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Footprint ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Xiamen City ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The City ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

Providing a comprehensive insight, water footprint (WF) is widely used to analyze and address water-use issues. In this study, a hybrid of bottom-up and top-down methods is applied to calculate, from production and consumption perspectives, the WF for Xiamen city from 2001 to 2012. Results show that the average production WF of Xiamen was 881.75 Mm3/year and remained relatively stable during the study period, while the consumption WF of Xiamen increased from 979.56 Mm3/year to 1,664.97 Mm3/year over the study period. Xiamen thus became a net importer of virtual water since 2001. Livestock was the largest contributor to the total WF from both production and consumption perspectives; it was followed by crops, industry, household use, and commerce. The efficiency of the production WF has increased in Xiamen, and its per capita consumption WF was relatively low. The city faces continuing growth in its consumption WF, so more attention should be paid to improving local irrigation, reducing food waste, and importing water-intensive agricultural products.

EXPLORING FAIR AND AMBITIOUS MITIGATION CONTRIBUTIONS OF ASIAN ECONOMIES FOR THE GLOBAL WARMING LIMIT UNDER THE PARIS AGREEMENT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
XINRU LI ◽  
XUEMEI JIANG ◽  
YAN XIA
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Asian Economies ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
Emission Quotas ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Ideal

Focusing on the mitigation responsibilities and efforts, this paper provides a unified estimation of allowable emission quotas for a number of Asian economies to limit the global temperature rise well below 2°C based on a range of effort-sharing approaches. The study also explores the inconsistency between their planned emission pathways under the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and the allowable emissions to achieve the 2°C target. The results show that most of the Asian developing economies would be in favor of the Equal-Per-Capita and Grandfather criteria, for which they would obtain more allowable emissions quota. However, even with the most favorable criterion, official mitigation pledges represented by NDCs are far less enough for these developing Asian economies such as China, India, Vietnam, Thailand and Pakistan, as their emission pathways under NDCs significantly exceed the ideal pathways under all effort-sharing approaches. In contrast, most of the Asian developed economies have already planned reductions of annual CO2 emissions under NDCs, in line with their ideal pathways under the most favorable effort-sharing approach. However, their reductions of emissions require deep strengthening of deployment in low-carbon, zero-carbon and negative-carbon techniques, given the current growing trend of emissions for these economies.

Level and Pattern of Consumption Expenditure of Rural Households among Different Regions of Punjab

2021 ◽  
pp. 468-473
Keyword(s):  
Rural Households ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Capita Consumption ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Large Farm ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

The present study, dealing with the inequality in consumption of the rural households across the different regions, is based upon the primary data of the Punjab state. The analysis showed that Malwa excelled other two regions in the per capita consumption. The highest average propensity to consume was observed for Doaba, and it was the lowest for Malwa. All the rural households except large farm of all the three regions and medium farm households of Malwa and Majha were in deficit. Considering all households together, the inequality of household consumption expenditure was relatively high in all three regions, with the same being highest in Majha, followed by Malwa and Doaba. The concentration of consumption expenditure among the land-owning households was greater than the landless households.

Evaluation of a gait scoring system for cattle by using cluster analysis and Krippendorff’s α reliability

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 (7) ◽  
pp. 220-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Volkmann ◽  
Jenny Stracke ◽  
Nicole Kemper
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Partial Agreement ◽  
Claw Lesions ◽  
Cluster 2 ◽  
Locomotion Score

The aim of the presented study was to validate a three-point locomotion score (LS) classifying lameness in dairy cows. Therefore, locomotion of 144 cows was scored and data on claw lesions were collected during hoof trimming. Based on latter data a cluster analysis was performed to objectively classify cows into three groups (Cluster 1–3). Finally, the congruence between scoring system and clustering was tested using Krippendorff’s α reliability. In total, 63 cows (43.7 per cent) were classified as non-lame (LS1), 38 (26.4 per cent) were rated as LS2 with an uneven gait and 43 (29.9 per cent) cows were ranked as clearly lame (LS3). In comparison, hoof-trimming data revealed 64 cows (44.4 per cent) to show no diagnosis, 37 (25.7 per cent) one diagnosis, 33 animals (22.9 per cent) two diagnoses and 10 (7.0 per cent) more than two. Comparing the respective categorisation received by either the cluster analysis or LS in between groups, a high correspondence (79.4 per cent and 83.7 per cent) could be found for LS1 and cluster 1 as well as for LS3 and cluster 3. Only LS2 had partial agreement (21.1 per cent) to cluster 2. However, Krippendorff’s α was 0.75 (95 per cent CI 0.68 to 0.81), indicating a good degree of reliability. Therefore, the results of this study suggested that the presented LS is suitable for classifying the cows’ state of lameness representing their claw diseases.

scholarly journals Targeting the Poor: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Indonesia

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 1206-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivi Alatas ◽  
Abhijit Banerjee ◽  
Rema Hanna ◽  
Benjamin A Olken ◽  
Julia Tobias
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Capita Consumption ◽  
Elite Capture ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Consumption Community ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

This paper reports an experiment in 640 Indonesian villages on three approaches to target the poor: proxy means tests (PMT), where assets are used to predict consumption; community targeting, where villagers rank everyone from richest to poorest; and a hybrid. Defining poverty based on PPP$2 per capita consumption, community targeting and the hybrid perform somewhat worse in identifying the poor than PMT, though not by enough to significantly affect poverty outcomes for a typical program. Elite capture does not explain these results. Instead, communities appear to apply a different concept of poverty. Consistent with this finding, community targeting results in higher satisfaction. (JEL C93, I32, I38, O12, O15, O18, R23)

scholarly journals Analyzing the Role of the Permanent and Temporary Shocks in Peru Using the Co-Movements Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Cesar R. Sobrino
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Work ◽  
Capita Consumption ◽  
Quarterly Data ◽  
Common Trend ◽  
The Common ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Capita Output ◽  
Per Capita Consumption

In this study, we use the co-movements approach to examine the role of permanent (common trend) and temporary (common cycle) shocks on per capita output, per capita consumption, and per capita investment in Peru, a small open commodity-based economy. Using quarterly data from 1993: Q1 to 2019: Q1, the effects of the temporary shocks are short-lived, and, on average, are a minor source of the variations of macro time series, over 10 quarters. This evidence suggests that the main source of per capita output and per capita consumption variations is the common trend shock which must be related to the 1990s reforms. Moreover, per capita output and per capita consumption are less responsive to unfavorable (favorable) common cycle shocks than per capita investment is. This outcome indicates that per capita investment has a much more volatile cycle than per capita private output and per capita consumption which is consistent with a previous empirical work.

scholarly journals Identification of Novel Classes for Patients With Lupus Nephritis Using Two-step Cluster Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Huang ◽  
Shasha Xie ◽  
Liqing Ding ◽  
Hui Luo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mild Disease ◽  
Cluster 2

Abstract Objectives: To identify and reclassify the patients in the LN cohort, and to further analyze the prominent clinical features and clinical significance of each cluster of patients.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of a cohort of 635 LN patients from the Rheumatology Department of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. Demographic data, laboratory findings and clinical evaluation system include physician’s global assessment and the SLICC/ACR Damage Index were collected. Using two-step cluster analysis, patients with similar clinical property were identified and compared.Results: Among the 635 LN patients, 599 patients (94.3%) were female. The mean age of the patients were 33.8 ± 10.4 years. Three subgroups were identified by two-step cluster analysis. Cluster 1 included 130 (20.5%) patients, Cluster 2 included 132(20.8%) patients and Cluster 3 included 373 (58.7%) patients. Cluster 3 was the largest group of mild disease activity, patients in this cluster had lower white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes and mean SDI scores compared to those in the other two clusters. Cluster 1 was the smallest group of severe damage, patients in this cluster had multiple positive auto-antibodies, higher SDI scores and lower complement level. Patients of cluster 2 had the highest levels of granulocytes, but the results of other laboratory tests were roughly between the cluster 1 and cluster 3.Conclusions: This study reclassified three groups of LN patients in a large cohort. Our research shows that the multiple positive ANA antibody may be related to the high SDI score of LN patients. Clinicians can identify patients at different stages through cluster analysis to better implement prognosis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document