scholarly journals Effect of Potassium Silicate Application on Populations of Asian Citrus Psyllid in Tahiti Lime

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 684-691
Author(s):  
Augusto Ramírez-Godoy ◽  
María del Pilar Vera-Hoyos ◽  
Natalia Jiménez-Beltrán ◽  
Hermann Restrepo-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Potassium Silicate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Asian Citrus Psyllid ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Foliar Concentration

Asian citrus psyllid [ACP (Diaphorina citri)] is one of the most serious threats to the global citrus (Citrus sp.) culture, and management of ACP has depended primarily on the application of chemical insecticides. The expression of resistance mechanisms to herbivory is a key component in integrated pest management in crop production in which silicon (Si) applications can play an important role in plant–insect relationships. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the application of Si to tahiti lime (Citrus latifolia) plants under natural infestations of ACP. Two experiments were conducted using 15-month-old seedlings and 2-year-old trees, respectively. Treatments were 1) foliar Si sprays (potassium silicate) at a dose of 2 mL·L–1, 2) soil Si application at a dose of 1 kg commercial product per plant, 3) combined soil and foliar applications of Si at the doses just listed, and 4) untreated plants (control). The application of Si treatments to both seedlings and trees affected ACP oviposition, causing a reduction of 60%. Applications of Si did not affect the nutritional status (macronutrients and micronutrients) of plants in either test, except that the foliar concentration of Si tended to be greater in the soil and soil + foliar treatments than in the other treatment in both seedlings and trees. Based on these results, we suggest that Si can be added as a component of ACP integrated pest management programs.

scholarly journals Biology and Management of the Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, in Florida Citrus

EDIS ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Rogers ◽  
Philip A. Stansly
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Citrus Greening ◽  
Asian Citrus Psyllid ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Citrus Greening Disease ◽  
Greening Disease ◽  
Florida Citrus

ENY-739, a 7-page illustrated fact sheet by Michael E. Rogers and Philip A. Stansly, provides information about the biology of this vector of citrus greening disease to aid growers in implementing integrated pest management (IPM) practices for suppressing the population in citrus-growing areas of Florida. It includes sections on identification and biology, psyllid feeding damage, pathogen transmission, management, and selected references. Published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, June 2006.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Three Commercial Biopesticides for the Reduction of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) Populations

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1453-1460
Author(s):  
Augusto Ramírez-Godoy ◽  
María del Pilar Vera-Hoyos ◽  
Natalia Jiménez-Beltrán ◽  
Hermann Restrepo-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Asian Citrus Psyllid ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Citrus Industry

Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, is the most serious threat to the global citrus industry, and its management has mainly depended on the application of chemical insecticides. The use of biopesticides can play an important role in regulating this pest. In a first test, two separate experiments were conducted in two different municipalities (Apulo and Jerusalen, Cundinamarca, Colombia) to evaluate the effect of foliar Beauveria bassiana and imidacloprid sprays on ACP populations in 2015 and 2016, respectively. In a second test, two separate tests were carried out in commercial Tahiti lime orchards to evaluate the efficacy of three different commercial biopesticides (Beauveria bassiana and extracts of Sophora sp. and garlic-chili pepper). In test 1, imidacloprid-treated trees showed a reduction (60% and 80%) in cumulative ACP adults in 2016. ACP cumulative nymphs were also diminished by foliar imidacloprid and B. bassiana application, between 40% and 65% in 2015 and 2016, respectively. ACP cumulative eggs showed lower individuals in imidacloprid-treated flushes at 3 and 4 weeks after treatment 9 (WAT) in 2016. In test 2, the results obtained showed ACP adults and eggs unaffected by biopesticide treatments; nymphs were reduced 50% to 75% in trees treated with the three biopesticides in comparison with control trees. All three biopesticides tested can be considered useful tools in integrated pest management (IPM) programs for ACP, since these products reduced immature ACP individuals between 50% and 75% under field conditions.

The character or the variation: the genetic analysis of the insecticide-resistance phenotype

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
Rare Mutations ◽  
Evolution Of Resistance

AbstractIn this critique it is argued that the genetic basis of the evolution of resistance is dependent on how the phenotypic, and underlying genotypic, variation is channelled during a selective response. A polygenic response is preferentially favoured if selection acts within the phenotypic distribution of susceptibles; a monogenic response is predicted if selection screens rare mutations with phenotypes outside that susceptible distribution. The relevance of this model to the method of genetic analysis, the prediction of resistance mechanisms to novel insecticides, the generation of resistant beneficial insects and the development of the most effective resistance and integrated pest management programmes is discussed.

Evidence for resistance to pyrethroids and organophosphates inPlutella xylostella(Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) from Pakistan

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Khaliq ◽  
M.N.R. Attique ◽  
A.H. Sayyed
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resistance Management ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Laboratory Population ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Low Toxicity

AbstractThe susceptibility of representative pyrethroid (cypermethrin, deltamethrin, lambdacyhalothrin, bifenthrin), organophosphate (chlorpyriphos, triazophos, profenophos) and new chemistry insecticides (spinosad, indoxacarb and emamectin) was investigated for 18 field populations ofPlutella xylostella(Linnaeus) from three different zones in Pakistan. The LC50(mg ml−1; 48 h) values of pyrethroids for various populations ranged from 0.19–1.88 for cypermethrin, 0.31–2.64 for deltamethrin, 0.08–1.16 for lambdacyhalothrin and 0.07–0.88 for bifenthrin. The LC50(mg ml−1; 48 h) of organophosphates ranged from 0.52–5.67 for chlorpyriphos, 0.37–4.14 for triazophos and 0.03–2.65 for profenophos. The most probable reason for low toxicity of organophosphates and pyrethroids is the evolution of multiple resistance mechanisms; however, further studies are required to establish these mechanisms. When these same products were tested against a susceptible laboratory population (Lab-Pak), the new chemistry compounds were significantly more toxic than pyrethroids and organophosphates. The results are discussed in relation to integrated pest management and insecticide resistance management strategies forP. xylostella.

scholarly journals Integrated Pest Management in Protected Structures I: Basic Principles and Scouting

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh A. Smith ◽  
Gary E. Vallad ◽  
Bielinski M. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
The Other ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Other Hand

The fundamentals of managing pests in protected structures are very similar in many respects to managing pests in field crops. But conditions within a protected structure can be modified to a certain degree to prevent, delay, or even mitigate pest issues. On the other hand, conditions that discourage one group of pests can often favor another. This 7-page fact sheet was written by Hugh A. Smith, Gary E. Vallad, and Bielinski M. Santos, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, June 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in994

scholarly journals The Good, the Bad, and the Risky: Can Birds Be Incorporated as Biological Control Agents into Integrated Pest Management Programs?

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Garcia ◽  
Elissa M Olimpi ◽  
Daniel S Karp ◽  
David J Gonthier
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Intraguild Predation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Biological Control Agents

Abstract Some bird species often benefit farmers by suppressing invertebrate crop pests, yet birds are rarely considered in integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. This is likely because some bird species pose risks to farmers through crop damage, intraguild predation, and food safety concerns. Nonetheless, the benefits of some bird species on crop production are often substantial. Therefore, understanding when birds are most likely to enhance crop production (and when they are most likely to depress it) is crucial for designing effective IPM strategies. Here, we briefly review the literature on birds in agricultural systems, discuss examples of how birds can provide services and disservices to crops, examine factors that influence the net effects of birds, and discuss emerging tools that will help fill key knowledge gaps surrounding the complex roles of birds in agricultural systems.

Insecticidal effect of deltamethrin, dinotefuran and spiromesifen against the sugarcane whitefly Neomaskellia andropogonis on CP69-1062 sugarcane cultivar

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
P. Koohzad-Mohammadi ◽  
M. Ziaee ◽  
A. Nikpay
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sugarcane Cultivar ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Selective Chemical ◽  
Neomaskellia Andropogonis

SummaryThe sugarcane whitefly, Neomaskellia andropogonis Corbett (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the important pests of sugarcane in Iran. The use of selective chemical insecticides helps to suppress whitefly infestations. Although several insecticides from various groups have been registered to control whiteflies, this is the first study to test the efficacy of deltamethrin, dinotefuran and spiromesifen insecticides against eggs, second instar nymphs and pupae of the sugarcane whitefly on CP69-1062 sugarcane cultivar. Five concentrations of the tested insecticides were applied in a leaf dipping bioassay under laboratory conditions. Probit analysis indicated that deltamethrin and dinotefuran with LC50 values of 50.1 and 49.5 ppm were the most toxic insecticides against eggs of N. andropogonis. Deltamethrin controlled nymphal and pupal stages more effective than the other two tested insecticides and the LC50 values were 49.7 and 5.44 ppm on nymphs and pupae, respectively. The LC50 values of dinotefuran on second instar nymphs and pupae were 564.7 and 78.7 ppm and the values were 270.9 and 18.3 ppm for spiromesifen, respectively. The results support the use of the insecticides in rotation according to their different mode of action in integrated pest management programs of the sugarcane whitefly N. andropogonis.

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