Phenotypes and Grain Yield Associated with Brachytic‐2 Gene in Single‐Cross Hybrids of Dent Corn 1

Crop Science ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Anderson ◽  
P. N. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dent Corn ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Brachytic 2 Gene ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

scholarly journals Stability Assessment of Single-Cross Maize Hybrids Using GGE-Biplot Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
L. Musundire ◽  
J. Derera ◽  
S. Dari ◽  
A. Lagat ◽  
P. Tongoona
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
South African ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Ideal Genotype ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Grain yield potential of new maize hybrid varieties across target environments contributes to the uptake of these varieties by farmers. Evaluation of single-cross hybrids developed from test crossing introgressed inbred lines bred for three distinct environments to elite tropical inbred line testers was carried out. The study’s objective was to assess grain yield stability and genotype adaptability of the single-cross hybrids across South African environments relative to adapted commercial hybrid checks. One hundred and twenty-two introgressed inbred lines developed using the pedigree breeding program were crossed to four tropical elite inbred line testers using line × tester mating design to obtain 488 experimental single cross hybrids. Subject to availability of adequate seed for evaluation, a panel of 444 experimental single-cross hybrids was evaluated using an augmented design in two experiments defined as Population A and B for the study’s convenience in South African environments. Data for grain yield (t/ha) performance for experimental single-cross hybrids and commercial check hybrids in Population A and B across environments and individual environments identified experimental single-cross hybrids that had significant comparable grain yield (t/ha) performance relative to best commercial check hybrid (PAN6Q445B) on the market. The selected experimental single-cross hybrids 225, 89, 246 and 43 (Population A) and 112 (Population B) also had a better average rank position for grain yield (t/ha) relative to best commercial check hybrid. These selected experimental single-cross hybrids had a grain yield (t/ha) advantage range of 0.9-6.7% for Population A and 7.3% for Population A and B, respectively, relative to the adapted commercial check hybrid. GGE biplot patterns for which won-where for Population A indicated that at Potchefstroom Research Station and Ukulinga Research Station experimental single-cross hybrids 127 and135 were the vertex (winning) hybrids. Cedera Research Station did not have a vertex hybrid for Population A. For Population B, experimental single-cross hybrids 112, 117 and 18 were the vertex hybrids at Cedera Research Station, Ukulinga Research Station and Potchefstroom Research Station, respectively. Experimental single-cross hybrid 257 was identified as ideal genotype for Population A, while experimental single-cross hybrid 121 in Population B was the ideal genotype. Ideal environments were also identified as Ukulinga Research Station for Population A, and Cedera Research Station for Population B. Average-environment coordination (AEC) view of the GGE biplot in Population A indicated that experimental single-cross hybrids 1 was highly stable across environments. In comparison, Population B experimental single-cross hybrid 161 was highly stable across environments. In conclusion, selected single-cross hybrids in the current study can also be advanced for further evaluation with a possibility for identifying high yielding and stable single-cross hybrids for variety registration and release in target environments in South Africa.

EPISTASIS IN GRAIN SORGHUM, SORGHUM BICOLOR

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-870
Author(s):  
G. H. Liang ◽  
A. D. Dayton ◽  
T. L. Walter
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Bloom Date ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Epistasis, or interaction between nonallelic genes in grain sorghum (S. bicolor (L.) Moench), was estimated by comparing means of 20 balanced sets of single- and 3-way crosses. Each balanced set consisted of three single crosses and three 3-way crosses derived from three of the six parental varieties used. Results indicated that epistasis was present in nine sets for grain yield, in 13 sets for half-bloom date, and in 11 sets for plant height and for kernel weight. Epistasis seemingly fluctuates over years and locations. On the average, 3-way hybrids yielded less grain, flowered later, and were taller than the single-cross hybrids.

scholarly journals HERITABILITY AND HETEROSIS OF GRAIN YIELD ON DOWNY MILDEW RESISTANCE (DMR) AND QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE (QPM) INBREDS AND THEIR SINGLE CROSS HYBRIDS

Zuriat ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ruswandi ◽  
N. Wicaksana ◽  
M. Rachmadi ◽  
A. Ismail ◽  
D. Arief ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Quality Protein Maize ◽  
Downy Mildew Resistance ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Mildew Resistance ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Improvement of high yield maize cultivars possessing high quality of seed as showed by high lysine and tryptophan content must be fulfilled with resistance against downy mildew pathogen in any maize breeding program. A set of experiment to study genetic variability and to estimate both heritability and heterosis of important characters of grain yield on DMR and QPM lines has been conducted. Four downy mildew resistance (DMR) lines, i.e. Nei 9008, P 345, Ki 3, and MR 10; three quality protein maize (QPM) lines, including CML 161, CML 163, and CML 172; and their single cross hybrids formed based on line × tester mating design were used in the experiment. The following characters: height of the first ear, seeds number per row, seed weight per ear, and grain yield per plot showed broad genetic variability. Narrow sense heritability (hns) of grain yield and its components ranged from 0.01 to 0.71. Broad sense heritability (hbs), on the other hand, ranged from 0.20 to 0.74. It was found that hybrid derived from crossing between parental inbred lines possessing broad genetic background would express high heterosis.

Grain yield and stability of early-maturing single-cross hybrids of maize across contrasting environments

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 776-796
Author(s):  
Gloria Boakyewaa Adu ◽  
Baffour Badu-Apraku ◽  
Richard Akromah ◽  
Alidu Haruna ◽  
Isaac Kodzo Amegbor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Heterotic groups for identifying of suitable combiners in sunflower using top-cross

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-22
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Research Field ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Crop Season ◽  
Heterotic Groups ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Parental Inbred ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

The study was conducted in order to identify the suitable parental inbred lines using top cross method for improvement of new sunflower F1 single cross hybrids at research field of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute in Karaj, Iran during two Crop season (2018 and 2019). Experimental materials consisted of 31 restore lines and 43 cytoplasmic male sterile lines which were crossed with A1221 and R14 as the testers respectively. The developed F1 hybrids were evaluated for GCA of three breeding objectives i.e. flowering time, plant height and grain yield during two years replicated trials. Cluster analysis revealed two heterotic groups in which the restorer lines; R22, R24 and R38 (Grain yield of 33, 32 and 31 g head-1 respectively) and three CMS lines; A32, A370 and A110 (Grain yield of 47, 44 and 43 g head-1 respectively) were identified as the suitable restorer and cytoplasmic male sterile line for improvement of new sunflower single cross hybrids. Evaluation of specific combing ability of the resulted combinations will reveal the efficiency of this selection in the following generation.

The effect of honeycomb selection for grain yield on a maize population

1996 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sotiriou ◽  
M. Koutsika-Sotiriou ◽  
E. Gouli-Vavdinoudi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Maize Population ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Honeycomb Selection ◽  
Sib Families ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Deleterious Genes ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

SUMMARYStarting with the F2 generation of a single-cross hybrid, a maize population was improved from cycle 0 (= F2) to cycle 4 by mass honeycomb selection and from cycle 5 to cycle 8 by pedigree honeycomb selection. Seven half-sib families were derived from cycle 8. The grain yield of these, their corresponding S1 lines, testcrosses with B73 and diallel crosses were studied. The results showed (i) that the seven half-sib families contained half the percentage of the load of deleterious genes present in the F2 generation, (ii) that four of them outyielded their corresponding single-cross hybrids, (iii) that they could constitute an open-pollinated variety, which could be used as a source population and (iv) that they revealed different patterns for general and specific combining ability. Honeycomb selection for grain yield was successful in favouring the existing additive genetic variation in the derived families.

scholarly journals Estimation of heterosis in yield and yield attributing traits in single cross hybrids of maize

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari Prasad Sharma ◽  
Krishna Hari Dhakal ◽  
Raju Kharel ◽  
Jiban Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

A field experiment was conducted at National Maize Research Program, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal during winter season from 6th October, 2015 to 5th March 2016 to estimate different heterosis on single cross maize hybrids . Thirteen maize hybrids were tested randomized complete block design with three replications. Hybrid namely RML-98/RL-105 gave the highest standard heterosis (57.5%) for grain yield over CP-666 followed by RML-4/NML-2 (32.6%), RML-95/RL-105 (29%) and RML-5/RL-105 (20.6%). The hybrid RML-98/RL-105 produced the highest standard heterosis (75.1%) for grain yield over Rajkumar followed by RML-4/NML-2(50.2%), RML-95/RL-105(46.6%), RML-5/RL-105 and (35.7%). Mid and better parent heterosis were significantly higher for yield and yield attributes viz. ear length, ear diameter, no of kernel row per ear, no of kernel per row and test weight. The highest positive mid-parent heterosis for grain yield was found in RML-98/RL-105 followed by RML-5/RL-105, RML-95/RL-105, and RML-4/NML-2. For the grain yield the better parent heterosis was the highest in RML-98/RL-105, followed by RML-5/RL-105, RML-95/RL-105, and RML-4/NML-2. These results suggested that maize production can be maximized by cultivating hybrids namely RML-98/RL-105, RML-5/RL-105, RML-95/RL-105, and RML-4/NML-2.

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