(Land Conflicts in the Context of the Prospects of the Agricultural Sector in the North Caucasus)

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeni Varshaver ◽  
Konstantin Igorevich Kazenin
Author(s):  
Е.А. Rybak ◽  
◽  
О.О. Rybak ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  

The use of water for various human needs can be considered as an anthropogenic factor affecting water resources. The amount of water consumption is determined by the size of the population, the level of development and the state of housing and communal services, climatic conditions and other factors. The agricultural sector plays a significant role in the economy of the South and North Caucasian Federal Districts. The increase in agricultural production, especially in the southern drylands, is largely due to its reliable and high-quality water supply. A large share of the agricultural sector in the structure of water use determines that the water turnover coefficient in the region as a whole is much lower than the national one. The analysis of open sources revealed the key problems of water consumption in the region and enabled to identify specific measures for revising its structure.


Kavkazologiya ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 154-175
Author(s):  
A.N. GUNYA ◽  
◽  
T.Z. TENOV ◽  
A.M. CHECHENOV ◽  
M.Z. SHOGENOV ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
V.V. Maslova ◽  
◽  
N.F. Zaruk ◽  
A.R. Kulov ◽  
M.V. Avdeev ◽  
...  

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of agriculture and trends in its development in the North Caucasus Federal District. The NCFD has a significant natural and climatic, labor and industrial and technical potential. But according to the main socio-economic indicators, the NCFD shows lower results compared to other federal districts of the country. The article notes that the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District are significantly differentiated in terms of land, labor and production capital. The authors analyzed the dynamics of agricultural production, which allowed us to determine the share of various types of agricultural products in the national production volume. The analysis of investment development in the NCFD showed that over the past five years, investment in fixed assets has decreased by almost 10%. The main exported products of the district are cereals, meat and edible meat offal, and imported products are dairy products. The assessment of tax revenues from the agricultural sector to the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation showed that their volumes are insignificant, in the share of tax payments 56% is accounted for by the personal income tax and about 10% by the unified agricultural tax. The authors noted a number of negative trends that have formed in the NCFD: a large subsidized budget, a high share of agricultural production in low-quality and inefficient households, a low volume of private investment in the industry, and a significant level of unemployment. These problems are interrelated and need to be addressed systematically. The authors propose the main directions of development of agricultural policy of the NCFD, including technological modernization and increase of competitiveness of agroindustrial complex, development of transport, logistical and information infrastructure, improve the investment climate and increase investment attractiveness of the industry based on public-private partnerships, improving labour productivity and quality of personnel potential and formation of a branched network of agricultural cooperatives.


2021 ◽  
pp. 32-43
Author(s):  
К.Р. ДЗАЛАЕВА

Проблема становления многонационального социума всегда была и остается в фокусе научного познания. Особую актуальность она имеет для России, история которой является ярким примером сосуществования множества разных народов. Период второй половины XIX – начала XX вв. стал важной вехой в деле утверждения российской государственности на Северном Кавказе. Осетия активнее других северокавказских территорий участвовала в модернизационных процессах пореформенного периода. Трансформация, затрагивавшая в ходе этих процессов все сферы жизнедеятельности осетинского общества, рождала новые, более современные формы социально-экономических отношений и способствовала возникновению новых потребностей. Земледелие в частности и сельскохозяйственная отрасль в целом превращаются в главнейший источник народного благосостояния. В статье рассматривается проблема культурно-хозяйственного взаимодействия Осетии и России в условиях реформаторства второй половины XIX – начала XX в., исследуются основные векторы развития осетинского социума в рамках этого взаимодействия. Одним из наиболее прогрессивных направлений обозначается стремление к новейшим достижениям в области сельскохозяйственной деятельности, а потребность в приобщении к эффективным способам ведения личного хозяйства определяется как важнейшая. Научная новизна работы обусловлена постановкой проблемы, привлечением новых источников и междисциплинарным походом. Методологическую основу составили системно-структурный, сравнительно-исторический, междисциплинарный и цивилизационный подходы, принципы историзма, объективности и целостности. Результаты, полученные в ходе исследования, дают основание утверждать, что одним из важнейших трендов культурно-хозяйственного взаимодействия Осетии и России в рассматриваемый период стало распространение сельскохозяйственных знаний среди населения Осетии посредством развития системы сельскохозяйственных учебных заведений. The problem of the formation of a multinational society has always been and remains in the focus of scientific knowledge. It is of particular relevance for Russia, whose history is a vivid example of the coexistence of many different peoples. The period of the second half of the XIX - early XX centuries became an important milestone in the establishment of Russian statehood in the North Caucasus. Ossetia participated in the modernization processes of the post-reform period more actively than other North Caucasian territories. The transformation, which in the course of these processes affected all spheres of life of the Ossetian society, gave birth to new, more modern forms of socio-economic relations and contributed to the emergence of new needs. Agriculture in particular and the agricultural sector as a whole are turning into the main source of national wealth. The article examines the problem of cultural and economic interaction between Ossetia and Russia in the conditions of reformism in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries, examines the main vectors of development of the Ossetian society within the framework of this interaction. One of the most progressive directions is the striving for the latest achievements in the field of agricultural activity, and the need to familiarize with effective methods of running a personal economy is defined as the most important. The scientific novelty of the work is due to the formulation of the problem, the involvement of new sources and an interdisciplinary approach. The methodological basis was formed by the systemic-structural, comparative-historical, interdisciplinary and civilizational approaches, the principles of historicism, objectivity and integrity. The results obtained in the course of the study give grounds to assert that one of the most important trends in cultural and economic interaction between Ossetia and Russia in the period under review was the spread of agricultural knowledge among the population of Ossetia through the development of a system of agricultural educational institutions.


Author(s):  
Raisa Gracheva ◽  

In green agriculture, organic, integrated and adaptive (coordinate, precise) systems are distinguished based on the principles of nature protection and human health. These systems partially overlap each other and operate with varying degrees of efficiency in the world. Unlike many countries, where mostly small farms are involved in the green agricultural sector, in Russia large agricultural holdings play main role in this area. The possibilities of green agriculture in the agro-terraced mountain regions of the North Caucasus, as well as the legacy of the sugar industry (Kursk region) in land use, as a potential for integrated agriculture in the Chernozem zone, are considered.


2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 07018
Author(s):  
Zaur Ivanov ◽  
Alim Gurtuev ◽  
Zara Kunasheva ◽  
Zukhra Khocheva

The purpose of the study is to determine the causes of conflicts in the land use in land-hungry regions and to develop optimal solutions in land disputes. The research is based on the field data, collected in land- hungry regions of Russian Caucasus and historical data for same regions. We analyze the data acquired and use the system approach for developing a classification for studied conflicts. It supports the thesis that the agricultural land ownership is critical for the development of a stable regional system of agricultural production. In the majority of Russian regions land reform has been already carried out. Thus, market mechanisms for the functioning and realization of the right to use and possession of agricultural land are in effect. But in North Caucasus republics, institutionalization of land ownership is still vague. As a result, the number of disputes and conflicts in land use is growing. In the article, we carried out a classification of conflicts in land use and the analysis of land conflicts in the republics of the North Caucasus.


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