scholarly journals Comparing Economic Dynamics in the EU and CEE Accession Countries

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph Süppel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Dynamics ◽  
Accession Countries ◽  
The Eu

The Environmental Challenges of EU Enlargement

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Čavoški
Keyword(s):  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Policy Area ◽  
Institutional Economic ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Weakest Link ◽  
Accession Countries ◽  
The Eu

Although the implementation of the acquis is a crucial element of the EU integration process, it is recognised as its ‘weakest link’. The implementation deficit is especially apparent with the EU environmental acquis, both in the existing member states and the accession countries. Most recently, following the accession of Croatia, the EU faces prospective enlargement to other Western Balkans countries. The author argues that there are specific problems in implementing the environmental acquis in accession countries and that the case of Serbia, or other countries of the Western Balkans, is not particularly unique. The case study used to support this argument is the implementation of the waste acquis in Serbia as it represents a highly demanding and costly policy area for national authorities and the country faces extensive legal, institutional, economic and financial challenges in implementing the environmental acquis.

Transfers as a Means to Combat European Spillovers

2005 ◽  
Vol 225 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk T.G. Rübbelke ◽  
Eytan Sheshinski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Environmental Policy ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Environmental Taxation ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Accession Countries ◽  
Eastern European Countries ◽  
The Eu

SummaryIn 2004, there was a further enlargement of the European Union. Among the new member countries are eight Central and Eastern European countries. Especially the accession countries located directly at the border to the EU generate significant environmental spillovers harming the Union. These spillovers are mitigated but not deleted by the enlargement regulations.In this paper we will therefore analyze an instrument which may further diminish the spillover problems: transfers, which are conditional on a tightening of environmental policy in the accession countries. The environmental policy considered is the policy of environmental taxation.

Production and other ecosystem services from extensive grassland-based systems in Europe: policy options and technical innovations

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 247-247
Author(s):  
A Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
Surface Unit ◽  
Extensive Range ◽  
Accession Countries ◽  
Technical Innovations ◽  
Forage Yields ◽  
The Eu

Extensive systems Extensive agricultural systems are usually presented as a type of agriculture that uses low quantity of inputs per surface unit (land), like fertilizers, feeds, seeds, pesticides, irrigation water and energy. They are frequently associated with low investments (capital) in machinery and/or buildings per surface unit and low land prices. They can also be characterized by labour-extensive systems. European extensive grassland-based systems are mainly located at high latitudes (Scandinavia) and high altitudes (mountain areas), in Mediterranean dry rangelands, in the lowlands of the Eastern part of the Union (recent accession countries), as well as in hills and uplands of the British Isles. Grasslands and rangelands covered 56 million ha (33% AA) in the EU-27 in 2005. This area included about 17.5 million ha of rangelands, in mountain and Mediterranean areas mainly (EUROSTAT, 2008). Extensive grasslands and rangelands cover thus more than 30% of the total grassland and rangeland area in Europe. Forage yields and animal productions per ha are significantly lower in these areas compared with intensive lowland grasslands. For instance an extensive range can produce about 5-6 times less DM/ha than fertilised grasslands. Production costs per kg of product are often significantly higher in extensive systems. Farmers must manage larger areas in these systems for a total income that is regularly lower compared wit smaller intensive farms.

Pricing and Reimbursement Policies in New EU Accession Countries

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossen Kazakov
Keyword(s):  
Coming Out ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Accession Countries ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Strategy Planning ◽  
Pricing And Reimbursement ◽  
Price Comparisons ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Eu

This paper aims to provide an informative and analytical view on healthcare policies on pricing and reimbursement in new accession countries, their reflection by the new national drugs legislations, and pricing and reimbursement policies, constraints and opportunities for the EU generic medicines producers. It is driven by the belief that having a greater understanding will help the pricing and reimbursement strategy planning process, and will enhance companies' performance while achieving greater awareness of the influence of the health policy factors in the region. A major stress is put on the process of change and the need for reformation of the healthcare policies on pricing and reimbursement, coming out of the EU enlargement process and legislation harmonisation. A snapshot is given of current pricing and reimbursement models together with a look at the Central and Eastern Europe drugs markets recent figures. Cost containment measures like economic evaluation of drugs, cross-countries price comparisons and parallel trade, and the slide from a branded to unbranded generics market are highlighted as the major factors that generic companies should take into account in the near future.

scholarly journals GSIM Measurement of the Effects of the EU accession of the Balkans and Turkey on Agricultural Trade

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Holzner
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Accession Countries ◽  
The One ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Very High ◽  
Minor Extent ◽  
The Eu

GSIM Measurement of the Effects of the EU accession of the Balkans and Turkey on Agricultural Trade In this paper, the global simulation model (GSIM) for the analysis of global, regional, and unilateral trade policy changes by Francois and Hall (2003) was applied to the agricultural trade between the EU, the Balkans and Turkey. This was done in order to measure the effects of an EU accession of the Balkans and Turkey. Most of the changes in welfare after a full liberalisation of agricultural trade between the Balkans and Turkey on the one hand and the EU on the other hand can be expected in the accession countries themselves. It is estimated that incumbent EU members will be affected only to a minor extent. It was also estimated that the exchange rate risk is not very high.

scholarly journals A MODEL OF USING IPA FUNDS FOR PROJECT REALIZATION IN PRE-ACCESSION COUNTRIES: THE CASE OF SERBIA

Ekonomika ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-43
Author(s):  
Mirjana Kranjac ◽  
Rado Maksimović ◽  
Uroš Sikimić
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Accession Countries ◽  
Project Phases ◽  
Project Realization ◽  
The Eu

During the process of enlargement, the European Union established a mechanism to develop institutions and to support transition process in the EU, through financial help, for potential candidates and candidate countries. This foreign aid is operating throughout different EU funds. The instrument for the pre-accession assistance (IPA) has replaced all other financial funds for the budget period 2007–2013. The aim of this article is to give suggestions for a more efficient use of IPA funds. The article presents a case of Serbia by showing the empirical results from a questionnaire survey of 108 organizations evaluating a range of issues. A model of IPA funds’ use has been created. Risk points have been determined and divided into three groups: informing of potential beneficiaries, their education, and assistance in the realization of all project phases. Improvement could be achieved through the implementation of a new idea for setting up “project centres” which would support the process. Thus, civil society would be involved into the monitoring system.

scholarly journals Exploring the sophistication in services exports

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-209
Author(s):  
Falguni Pankaj Desai
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Accession Countries ◽  
Modern Services ◽  
Eu New Member States ◽  
India And China ◽  
Eu Accession Countries ◽  
The Eu

The paper aims at providing empirical evidence of increasing sophistication in services exported by the developing countries.The last two decades have witnessed  a phenomenal rise not only in the share of services traded by both developed and developing countries , but also, a structural shift in favour of trade in modern services as against dominance of  traditional services. Spanning over a period of 10 years i.e. from 2000 to 2010 we examine and compare the changing composition and sophistication in services exported by 38 countries comprising: Brazil, Russian Federation, India and China (BRICs), European Union (EU)-15 countries, 12-EU New Member States (EU-NMS), 5-EU Accession countries (EU- ACC), USA and Japan. We use the methodology developed by Hausmann et al (2007) which measures the level of sophistication associated with country’s export basket of goods. But in this paper we have applied this methodology to study sophistication in the export of services instead of goods.  We find that there is a big divide in the values of the sophistication index between EU-15 and EU-ACC, the latter exhibiting considerable lower values of the index.  But the gap in the value of the sophistication index between EU-15 and India, Russia, and some of the EU-NMS has narrowed. 

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