The Effect of Personality Traits, Physical Attractiveness, and Intelligence on Reproductive Behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keuntae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Physical Attractiveness

MODERATING EFFECTS OF NEED FOR COGNITION ON ATTRACTIVENESS STEREOTYPING

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur H. Perlini ◽  
Samantha D. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Need For Cognition ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Peripheral Cues ◽  
Moderating Role

The present study investigated the moderating role of need for cognition (NFC), the tendency to engage in, and enjoy, effortful cognitive activity, on the attractiveness bias. Based on previous research suggesting that people low in NFC are more strongly influenced by peripheral cues of persuasion (including physical attractiveness), it was expected that such individuals, compared to those high in NFC, would exhibit a stronger tendency to attribute socially desirable traits to attractive persons. Participants high and low in NFC rated one of four photographs that varied in attractiveness and sex on 17 bipolar personality traits. While both high and low NFC participants rated the attractive target photographs as more socially desirable than the unattractive photographs, the magnitude of this effect was substantially larger for the low NFC participants. The findings suggest that NFC plays a moderating role in the attractiveness bias.

Sex-Stereotyped Traits, Physical Attractiveness, and Interpersonal Attraction

1977 ◽  
Vol 41 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1311-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve A. Nida ◽  
John E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Interpersonal Attraction ◽  
Stimulus Person ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Marital Partner ◽  
Basic Procedure ◽  
Interpersonal Situations ◽  
Physically Attractive

Two distinct categories of information operative in interpersonal situations are what a person “looks like” and what the person “acts like.” The former can be represented by degree of physical attractiveness. The latter can be summarized in terms of personality traits, classified according to the degree to which they are typically seen as masculine or feminine. The present research assessed the effects of simultaneously manipulating these two variables on different measures of heterosexual interpersonal attraction. The basic procedure involved college students' reading an elaborate context story from which ratings of hypothetical stimulus persons, in both “working partner” and “marital partner” contexts, emerged. The physical attractiveness of the hypothetical person was varied by means of facial photographs, and the person's trait description was manipulated for degree of sex-stereotype loading on the basis of “sex-stereotype index” values for adjectives. In both experiments subjects strongly preferred physically attractive stimulus persons. In a study in which subjects chose between two stimulus persons, interpersonal attraction was related to the sex-stereotype loading of personality traits, with subjects preferring stimulus persons described with traits drawn from the same-sex stereotype. In a second study in which subjects rated only one stimulus person, such an effect did not occur. In both studies feminine traits were more highly valued than masculine characteristics within the context of marriage.

Effects of Men's Physical Attractiveness on Interpersonal Attraction

1984 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas T. Gallucci
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Attraction ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Undergraduate Men ◽  
Selection Of

This study provided an explanation of selections by others to meet based on composites of qualities imputed to the others. 60 undergraduate men made attraction-responses to male targets consensually identified as representative of five levels of attractiveness. Attraction responses were attributions of personality traits and the selection of a target person to meet. The attribution of socially desirable and egocentric qualities increased and the attribution of psychopathological qualities decreased with increasing attractiveness of the target. All targets except the most attractive were seen as indistinguishable in terms of kindness, and the most attractive were seen as less kind. While selections of target persons to meet increased with the increasing attractiveness of the targets, those of moderately high attractiveness were selected more often than were the most attractive targets. An aggregate of attributional favorability was shown to predict target selections. The results were explained in terms of a social-exchange theory of human relations.

scholarly journals Fragmentation of the fe/male characters in Final Flight from Sanaa: A corpus-based feminist stylistic analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Ohood Ali Mohammed Saif Al-Nakeeb
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Gender Representation ◽  
Stylistic Analysis ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Corpus Linguistic ◽  
Male Characters

This paper examines the fragmentation of the fe/male characters in a one-novel corpus (henceforth, FFFS Corpus). The text is Final Flight From Sanaa, a Yemeni novel written by Qais Ghanem and published in 2011. The paper unfolds how the fe/male characters are introduced and talked about as anatomical parts in order to describe differences or similarities in gender representation, and to explore power relations and cultural differences between the eastern and western men and women. The analysis is done qualitatively using the feminist stylistic approach set out in Mills (1995) and quantitatively with the help of the corpus linguistic tool Wmatrix. Results have demonstrated that although the female and male bodies are almost equally fragmented, they are depicted differently. For example, female characters are introduced in terms of their physical attractiveness and sexuality while their male counterparts are focalized via their colors, physical deficiencies, skills, personality traits and the level of power they possess (whether physical or social).

scholarly journals Psychological Risk Factors that Predict Social Networking and Internet Addiction in Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Peris ◽  
Usue de la Barrera ◽  
Konstanze Schoeps ◽  
Inmaculada Montoya-Castilla
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Body Self

Adolescents’ addictive use of social media and the internet is an increasing concern among parents, teachers, researchers and society. The purpose was to examine the contribution of body self-esteem, personality traits, and demographic factors in the prediction of adolescents’ addictive use of social media and the internet. The participants were 447 Spanish adolescents aged 13−16 years (M = 14.90, SD = 0.81, 56.2% women). We measured gender, age, body self-esteem (body satisfaction and physical attractiveness), personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, disinhibition and narcissism) and social networking and internet addiction (internet addiction symptoms, social media use, geek behaviour, and nomophobia). The effects of gender, age, body self-esteem and personality on the different dimensions of internet addiction were estimated, conducting hierarchical linear multiple regression analysis and a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). The results evidenced different pathways explaining four types of adolescents’ internet addiction: gender and disinhibition were the most relevant predictors of addiction symptoms; gender combined with physical attractiveness best explained social media use; narcissism and neuroticism appear to be the most relevant predictors of geek behaviour; and narcissism was the variable that best explained nomophobia. Furthermore, the advantages and differences between both methodologies (regressions vs. QCA) were discussed.

Examining the Halo Effect of Physical Attractiveness

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Timmerman ◽  
Jay Hewitt
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Interpersonal Attraction ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Halo Effect ◽  
Independent Evidence ◽  
Physically Attractive

Photographs were taken of unattractive female confederates. After professional make-up work and hairstyling, photographs of these individuals were re-taken. Independent evidence was gathered to support the classifications “unattractive” and “attractive” as describing the pre-post conditions. 167 subjects were shown these photographs and rated or rank-ordered the stimulus figures on a variety of dimensions. Interpersonal attraction covaried with physical attractiveness but there was no tendency to attribute more positive personality traits to physically attractive individuals. The results were similar to those of one prior study which also involved an experimental manipulation of physical attractiveness.

Testing an Adaptationist Theory of Trait Covariation: Relative Bargaining Power as a Common Calibrator of an Interpersonal Syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron W. Lukaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Common Input ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Input Cues ◽  
Relative Bargaining Power

This article provides the first test of an adaptationist ‘common calibration’ theory to explain the origins of trait covariation, which holds that (i) personality traits are often facultatively calibrated in response to cues that ancestrally predicted the reproductive payoffs of different trait levels and (ii) distinct traits that are calibrated on the basis of common input cues will exhibit consistent patterns of covariation. This theory is applied to explain the covariation within a ‘personality syndrome’ encompassing various interpersonal trait dimensions (e.g. extraversion, emotionality and attachment styles). Specifically, it is hypothesized that these traits are inter–correlated because each is calibrated in response to relative bargaining power (RBP)—a joint function of one's ability to benefit others and harm others. Path analyses from a correlational study compellingly supported this theoretical model: Objective and self–perceived measures of RBP–enhancing phenotypic features (physical attractiveness and physical strength) influenced an internal regulatory variable indexing RBP (i.e. self–perceived RBP), which in turn had robust effects on each of the focal personality traits. Moreover, in support of the theory's core postulate, controlling for self–perceived RBP greatly reduced the covariation within the interpersonal syndrome. These novel findings illustrate the promise of an evolutionary psychological approach to elucidating trait covariation. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

scholarly journals Reproductive Behavior and Personality Traits of the Five Factor Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 487-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Jokela ◽  
Alexandra Alvergne ◽  
Thomas V. Pollet ◽  
Virpi Lummaa
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Offspring Number ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Wisconsin Longitudinal Study ◽  
Midlife Development

We examined associations between Five Factor Model personality traits and various outcomes of reproductive behavior in a sample of 15 729 women and men from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS) and Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) survey. Personality and reproductive history was self–reported in adulthood (mean age: 53 years). High extraversion, high openness to experience, and low neuroticism were associated with larger number of children in both sexes, while high agreeableness and low conscientiousness correlated with larger offspring number in women only. These associations were independent of marital status. There were also more specific associations between personality and timing of childbearing. The findings demonstrate that personality traits of the Five Factor Model are systematically associated with multiple reproductive outcomes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Personality Traits of the Five-Factor-Model in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allroggen ◽  
Peter Rehmann ◽  
Eva Schürch ◽  
Carolyn C. Morf ◽  
Michael Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.Narcissism is seen as a multidimensional construct that consists of two manifestations: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. In order to define these two manifestations, their relationship to personality factors has increasingly become of interest. However, so far no studies have considered the relationship between different phenotypes of narcissism and personality factors in adolescents. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we examine a group of adolescents (n = 98; average age 16.77 years; 23.5 % female) with regard to the relationship between Big Five personality factors and pathological narcissism using self-report instruments. This group is compared to a group of young adults (n = 38; average age 19.69 years; 25.6 % female). Results: Grandiose narcissism is primarily related to low Agreeableness and Extraversion, vulnerable narcissism to Neuroticism. We do not find differences between adolescents and young adults concerning the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and personality traits. Discussion: Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism can be well differentiated in adolescents, and the pattern does not show substantial differences compared to young adults.

Handwriting Analysis and Personality Assessment

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Greasley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Handwriting Analysis ◽  
Recruitment Process ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Personnel Recruitment ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Better Than

It has been estimated that graphology is used by over 80% of European companies as part of their personnel recruitment process. And yet, after over three decades of research into the validity of graphology as a means of assessing personality, we are left with a legacy of equivocal results. For every experiment that has provided evidence to show that graphologists are able to identify personality traits from features of handwriting, there are just as many to show that, under rigorously controlled conditions, graphologists perform no better than chance expectations. In light of this confusion, this paper takes a different approach to the subject by focusing on the rationale and modus operandi of graphology. When we take a closer look at the academic literature, we note that there is no discussion of the actual rules by which graphologists make their assessments of personality from handwriting samples. Examination of these rules reveals a practice founded upon analogy, symbolism, and metaphor in the absence of empirical studies that have established the associations between particular features of handwriting and personality traits proposed by graphologists. These rules guide both popular graphology and that practiced by professional graphologists in personnel selection.

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