scholarly journals Complications of uterine instrumentation - a preventable misery on rise

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrar Ashraf Ali ◽  
Syed Nabeel Naqvi ◽  
Haroon Rafiul Islam ◽  
Nauman Zahoor ◽  
Abdul Majeed Chaudhry

Objective: to determine the intra peritoneal injuries after the illegal uterine instrumentation for illegal abortion. Design: Retrospective study. Place and duration of study: The study was conducted over a period of 3 years in North surgical ward Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Material and methods: 21 patients were included in the study when they present after the illegal instrumentation of uterus for the abortion. Patients were resuscitated and operated in the emergency theatre. Carefully intraperitoneal injuries were recorded and dealt accordingly. Postoperative complications and mortality were recorded. Results: Half of the patients were in the thirties while 4 patients were teenagers. Six patients were unmarried which is approximately 29%. Most of these abortions were done by Dais while 6 were conducted by doctors. Only 35% of the cases present within 24 hours while 28% came to emergency after 10 days of injury. Uterus was injured in more than 76% of cases while fundus is the most common in uterus. Small intestine was damaged in 52%of the patients in which Ileum was injured in 7 patients and jejunum in 4 patients. In 4 patients large intestine was damaged. Ovary and urinary bladder were damaged in one patient each. Resection and exteriorization was done in 14 patients as most of the patients present late and had bad peritonitis. Mortality rate is 5% in our study. Conclusion: Peritonitis is the most common sequel after uterine instrumentation as the unauthorized or untrained personnel mostly do it.

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 1811-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yara Silva Meireles ◽  
Flávia Serra Shinike ◽  
Douglas Rodrigo Matte ◽  
Thaís Oliveira Morgado ◽  
Guilherme Vincoletto Kempe ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT: Herein it was describe sonographic morphology and sintopy of the bowels of the coelomic cavity in the red-footed tortoise. Coelomic cavity of 19 males and 19 females were scanned through cervical and prefemoral access with a multifrequency sector transducer. Morphology, syntopy and echogenicity of the heart, thyroid, liver, gallbladder, reproductive organs, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, urinary bladder and kidneys were evaluated. The heart showed two atria and one ventricle with a thick, trabecular wall. The thyroid was oval and hyperecoic, visualized in the cardiac portion of the ultrasound. The liver, gallbladder and digestive system were similar to those seen in mammals and turtles. However, the tortoise liver was relatively more hyperechoic than mammals. The kidneys appeared as triangular structures, which were hypoechoic, homogeneous and vascularized; the bladder was observed mostly as being elongated with anechoic content, and its wall appeared as a thin hyperechoic line when free fluid was present. The testes were observed to be elongated, homogeneous and more hyperechoic than kidneys. The ovarian follicles were seen as hyperechoic, echogenic balls of variable size and quantity, the oviduct as a sigmoid tubular structure and the eggs as thin hyperechoic lines with posterior acoustic shadowing. In some animals, there were variable amounts of fluid around the heart and in the coelomic cavity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
O. Edo-Taiwo ◽  
U.G. Onyebuolise

Anurans from Ozomo Wetland were examined for parasitic helminth infection. Among these anurans were Arthroleptis poecilonotus, Arthroleptis sp., Leptopelis occidentalis, L. spiritusnoctus, Sclerophrys maculata, Hoplobatrachus occipitalis, Hyperolius concolor, H. fusciventris burtoni Phase B, Hyperolius sp., Afrixalus dorsalis, Ptychadena bibroni, P. longirostris, P. mascareniensis, P. oxyrhynchus, P. pumilio, Hemisus marmoratus and Silurana tropicalis. The prevalence and intensity of infection recorded in the anurans were 58.2% and 9.5 parasites/infected host, respectively. Eighteen parasite species were recovered and these include the monogeneans (Polystoma aeschilimanni, P. prudhoei and P. prucei); digeneans (Diplodiscus fischthalicus, Metahaematoloechus micrurus and Mesocoelium monodi) and nematodes (Amplicaecum sp., Aplectana sp., Batrachocamallanus siluranae, Camallanus dimitrovi, Chabaudus leberrei, Cosmocerca commutata, C. ornata, Physaloptera sp., Rhabdias africanus, Rhabdias sp., an unidentified nematode and an unidentified oxyurid nematode). These parasites were recovered from different microhabitats (oesophagus/stomach, small intestine, large intestine/rectum lungs and urinary bladder) in the anuran hosts. Nematode was the dominant parasite with 66.7% infection while the monogeneans and digeneans had 16.7% infection each. Metahaematoloechus micrurus recorded in this study had unusually large testes which have not been observed in other specimens recorded elsewhere and there is need for further investigation. Keywords: anurans, species, farming, logging, deforestation, digeneans, nematodes, prevalence, intensity, Nigeria


2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 398-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela C. Banz ◽  
Sharon D. Gottfried

The records of 31 cats and eight dogs undergoing surgical correction of peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia (PPDH) from 2000 through 2007 were reviewed. Weimaraners and long-haired cats of varying breeds, particularly Maine Coon cats, appear to be at higher risk of PPDH. Presenting complaints were most commonly related to the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts in both dogs and cats, although respiratory signs were more prevalent in cats, and gastrointestinal signs were more common in dogs. The most common herniated organs were liver, gallbladder, and small intestine. Mortality associated with surgical repair of PPDH in cats and dogs was low in the first 2 weeks postoperatively, and prognosis for return to normal function was excellent. Peri-and postoperative complications were typically minor and self-limiting.


2018 ◽  
Vol 177 (6) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
B. S. Sukovatykh ◽  
L. N. Belikov ◽  
M. B. Sukovatykh ◽  
A. I. Itinson

The objectiveof the study is to assess the efficacy of the invented in the clinic technique of sclerosurgical treatment of the ruptured abdominal aortic aneurisms.Material and methods.The analysis of the treatment of 40 patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurism was done. All patients were divided into two groups consisted of 20 patients. The first group of patients were treated using conventional technique. Patients from the second group were treated using sclerosurgical treatment. The aneurysm was neither opened nor resected. The aneurism was punctured and injected 4 ml of 70 % ethanol under ultrasound guidance.Results.The second group of patients had decreased both the postoperative complications and mortality rate by 10 % and 30 % respectively.Conclusion.The original technique of sclerosurgical treatment of the ruptured abdominal aortic aneurisms is effective and pathogenically supported.


2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Edmundas Gaidamonis ◽  
Juozas Stanaitis ◽  
Sigitas Tamulis ◽  
Robertas Saltanavičius ◽  
Rytis Tutkus ◽  
...  

Edmundas Gaidamonis, Juozas Stanaitis, Sigitas Tamulis, Robertas Saltanavičius, Rytis Tutkus, Kazimieras Brazauskas, Aurelijus Grigaliūnas, Moisejus Racinas, Jonas Stasinas, Tomas Saladis, Raimundas LunevičiusVilniaus universiteto Bendrosios ir kraujagysliųchirurgijos klinikos Bendrosios chirurgijos centras,Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinė ligoninė,Šiltnamių g. 29, LT-2043, VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Teigiama, kad pooperacinių komplikacijų dažnis ir mirštamumas sužalojus plonąją žarną priklauso nuo traumos apimties ir gretutinių pilvo ertmės organų sužalojimų. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti ligonių, kuriems buvo atvirų plonosios žarnos sužalojimų, gydymo rezultatus, nustatyti veiksnius, lemiančius pooperacines komplikacijas ir mirštamumą. Metodai Darbo pobūdis – retrospektyvus. Nagrinėtos 1982–1991 metais VMUL ir 1991–1998 metais VGPUL nuo atviros plonųjų žarnų traumos operuotų 126 ligonių ligos istorijos. Duomenys rinkti pagal specialų traumą patyrusių ligonių duomenų registravimo protokolą. Vertinta: ligonių amžius, lytis, traumos mechanizmas, operacijos rizikos laipsnis, hemodinamikos būklė, instrumentiniai tyrimai, organo sužalojimo laipsnis, pilvo ertmės organų ir kombinuoti kitų sistemų sužalojimai, operacijos dydis, pooperacinės komplikacijos, baigtis. Rezultatai Pooperacinių komplikacijų radosi 32 ligoniams (25,4 %), iš jų 6 ligoniai mirė (mirštamumas 4,8 %). Ligonių, kuriems buvo I–III ir IV–V laipsnio plonosios žarnos sužalojimai, komplikacijų dažnio skirtumas (23,4 % ir 60 %) buvo statistiškai patikimas (p < 0,01). Pooperacinių komplikacijų buvo 11,9 % ligonių, pagal ASA klasifikaciją priklausančių I–III grupei, ir 52,9 % ligonių, priklausančių IV–V grupei (p < 0,01); mirštamumas I–III grupės ligonių buvo 1,8 %, IV–V grupės – 23,5 % (p < 0,005). Mirštamumas nestabilios hemodinamikos atveju buvo daugiau kaip 5 kartus didesnis (15 % ir 2,8 %) (p = 0,05). Įvertinus penetruojančios pilvo traumos indekso (PATI) ir pooperacinių komplikacijų bei mirštamumo priklausomybę paaiškėjo, kad komplikacijų dažnis buvo 3,6 karto didesnis ligonių, kurių PATI didesnis kaip 25 (p < 0,001), o mirštamumas – net 12,8 karto (p < 0,005). Išvados Atviri plonosios žarnos sužalojimai diagnozuoti 11,7 % ligonių, operuotų nuo atvirų pilvo ertmės organų trauminių sužalojimų. Plonosios žarnos sužalojimai sudaro 18 % atvirų pilvo sužalojimų. Lengvesnių sužalojimų (I–III laipsnio) komplikacijų dažnis 3 kartus mažesnis nei sunkesnių (IV–V laipsnio). Pooperacinių komplikacijų dažnį ir mirštamumą taip pat lemia gretutinių organų sužalojimai ir nestabili hemodinamika. Penetruojančios pilvo traumos indeksas (PATI) – statistiškai patikimas pooperacinių komplikacijų ir mirštamumo vertinimo rodiklis. Didesnis už 25 PATI rodo didelę pooperacinių komplikacijų ir mirštamumo riziką. Prasminiai žodžiai: atviros pilvo traumos, plonosios žarnos sužalojimai, pooperacinės komplikacijos, mirštamumas, pilvo traumos indeksas. Penetrating small bowel injury Edmundas Gaidamonis, Juozas Stanaitis, Sigitas Tamulis, Robertas Saltanavičius, Rytis Tutkus, Kazimieras Brazauskas, Aurelijus Grigaliūnas, Moisejus Racinas, Jonas Stasinas, Tomas Saladis, Raimundas Lunevičius Background / objective To evaluate the results of treatment of patients with penetrating small bowel injuries and to determine the main factors affecting postoperative morbidity and mortality. Methods Medical records for 126 patients admitted with penetrating small bowel injuries between 1982 and 1998 were reviewed. The patients' age, ASA grade, presence of shock, method of diagnosis, injury grade according to OIS, penetrating abdominal trauma index, operative management, morbidity and mortality were taken into consideration. Results Isolated injuries were found in 47 cases (37.3%). Twenty patients (15.9%) had associated injuries of the organs of the other systems. Postoperative complications developed in 32 patients (25.4%), 6 patients died (mortality rate 4.8%). Postoperative complications were more frequent in patients with grade IV–V versus grade I–III of injury (60% versus 23.4%, p < 0.01). The complications were less in cases of a proximal part of small bowel injury (21.4%), versus a 36.5% complication rate in patients with injuries of the middle and distal parts of the small bowel (p = 0.05). The rate of postoperative complications was 3.6 times higher in patients with PATI over 25 than in patients with PATI from 2 to 25 (p < 0.001); the mortality rate was almost 12.8 times higher (p < 0.005). According to ASA, the rate of postoperative complications and mortality was 11.9% versus 52.9% (p < 0.01) and 1.8% versus 23.5% (p < 0.005) respectively in patients with ASA grade I–III and grades IV–V. Haemodynamical stability had no statistically reliable influence on the postoperative complication rate (40% in stable and 22.6% in unstable haemodynamic patients), but it had a statistically significant influence on mortality rate (15% with unstable and 2.8% with stable haemodynamics, p = 0.05). Conclusions Penetrating small bowel injuries were detected in 11.7% of patients operated on for abdominal trauma and in 18% of patients due to penetrating abdominal injuries. Isolated injuries were found in 37.3% of cases. Most of the patients were haemodynamically stable (84.2%), with grades I–III of injury (88.1%). The operation option was associated to the grade of the injury: primary repair was performed in 86% and resection in 13.5% of cases. The higher risk of complications and mortality rate was associated with a poor general condition (ASA grade IV–V), unstable haemodynamical status, grade of injury more than III, PATI more than 25, and injuries of the distal part of the small bowel. Tube enterodecompression had no influence on the suture insuffitiency rate. Keywords: penetrating abdominal trauma, small bowel injury, postoperative morbidity, mortality, abdominal trauma index.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfud Mahfud ◽  
Ihwan

Excessive hunting and poaching for commercial purpose of Varanus salvator in Indonesia can cause a decline in this animal population. However, the scientific information of this animal especially about the biologic of organ system is rarely reported. Therefore, this case opens up opportunities for researching, which aims to study the anatomy of digestive tract of water monitor macroscopically. This research has been conducted in Biology Laboratory, University of Muhammadiyah Kupang for 5 months from March to August 2016. The digestive organ of this animal that has been preserved in alcohol 70% was obtained before from two males of water monitors. Preservation process: the animal were anesthetized, exsanguinated, and fixated in 4 paraformaldehyde by tissue perfusion method. Observations were performed to the visceral site and morphometrical of digestive tract. The resulted data was analysed descriptively and presented in tables and figures. The digestive tract of water monitor consist of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and cloaca. The dimension of each organ is different based on its structures and functions. The esophagus of water monitor connects the mouth cavity and the stomach and also as the entrance of food to the stomach. Water monitor stomach were found in cranial part of abdomen, in left side of liver. The small intestine was longer than stomach and it is a winding muscular tube in abdomen in posterior side of liver. The large intestine consist of colon and cloaca, while cecum was not found. This channel was extend lateromedially in abdomen to cloaca between left and right kidneys. The cloaca was the end of digestive tract which excreted feces and urine. From this research, we can conclude that the digestive tract of water monitor consists of esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. It’s difficult to differentiate small intestine and large intestine because there are no cecum.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
BHAVIN VASAVADA ◽  
Hardik Patel

UNSTRUCTURED All the gastrointestinal surgeries performed between April 2016 to march 2019 in our institution have been analysed for morbidity and mortality after ERAS protocols and data was collected prospectively. We performed 245 gastrointestinal and hepato-biliary surgeries between April 2016 to march 2019. Mean age of patients was 50.96 years. 135 were open surgeries and 110 were laparoscopic surgeries. Mean ASA score was 2.40, mean operative time was 111 minutes, mean CDC grade of surgery was 2.56. 40 were emergency surgeries and 205 were elective surgeries. Overall 90 days mortality rate was 8.5% and over all morbidity rate was around 9.79% . On univariate analysis morbidity was associated significantly with higher CDC grade of surgeries, higher ASA grade, more operative time, more blood products use, more hospitalstay, open surgeries,HPB surgeries and luminal surgeries(non hpb gastrointestinal surgeries) were associated with higher 90 days morbidity. On multivariate analysis no factors independently predicted morbidity. On univariate analysis 90 days mortality was predicted by grade of surgeries, higher ASA grade, more operative time, more blood products use, open surgeries and emergency surgeries. However on multivariate analysis only more blood products used was independently associated with mortality There is no difference between 90 day mortality and moribidity rates between open and laparoscopic surgeries.


Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
M. Carmen Louzao ◽  
Paula Abal ◽  
Celia Costas ◽  
Toshiyuki Suzuki ◽  
Ryuichi Watanabe ◽  
...  

Okadaic acid (OA) and its main structural analogs dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX1) and dinophysistoxin-2 (DTX2) are marine lipophilic phycotoxins distributed worldwide that can be accumulated by edible shellfish and can cause diarrheic shellfish poisoning (DSP). In order to study their toxicokinetics, mice were treated with different doses of OA, DTX1, or DTX2 and signs of toxicity were recorded up to 24 h. Toxin distribution in the main organs from the gastrointestinal tract was assessed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis. Our results indicate a dose-dependency in gastrointestinal absorption of these toxins. Twenty-four hours post-administration, the highest concentration of toxin was detected in the stomach and, in descending order, in the large intestine, small intestine, and liver. There was also a different toxicokinetic pathway between OA, DTX1, and DTX2. When the same toxin doses are compared, more OA than DTX1 is detected in the small intestine. OA and DTX1 showed similar concentrations in the stomach, liver, and large intestine tissues, but the amount of DTX2 is much lower in all these organs, providing information on DSP toxicokinetics for human safety assessment.


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