The Use of Sewage Sludge in Agriculture

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
E G Coker
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Sewage Sludges

The whole field of utilisation of sewage sludge for the production of agricultural crops is surveyed. Special attention is given to the development of a long-term strategy for utilisation of sewage sludges as fertilisers for agricultural crops, to the benefits arising from the organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus which they contain, to the limiting factors to the use of sewage sludges for this purpose, and to those crops which are most appropriate to use. Consideration is given to the use of sewage sludge in land reclamation.

scholarly journals Changes in physical properties of sandy soil after long-term compost treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Tibor Aranyos ◽  
Attila Tomócsik ◽  
Marianna Makádi ◽  
József Mészáros ◽  
Lajos Blaskó
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Compost Application

Abstract Studying the long-term effect of composted sewage sludge application on chemical, physical and biological properties of soil, an experiment was established in 2003 at the Research Institute of Nyíregyháza in Hungary. The applied compost was prepared from sewage sludge (40%), straw (25%), bentonite (5%) and rhyolite (30%). The compost was ploughed into the 0-25 cm soil layer every 3rd year in the following amounts: 0, 9, 18 and 27 Mg ha−1 of dry matter. As expected, the compost application improved the structure of sandy soil, which is related with an increase in the organic matter content of soil. The infiltration into soil was improved significantly, reducing the water erosion under simulated high intensity rainfall. The soil compaction level was reduced in the first year after compost re-treatment. In accordance with the decrease in bulk density, the air permeability of soil increased tendentially. However, in the second year the positive effects of compost application were observed only in the plots treated with the highest compost dose because of quick degradation of the organic matter. According to the results, the sewage sludge compost seems to be an effective soil improving material for acidic sandy soils, but the beneficial effect of application lasts only for two years.

An assessment of sewage sludge stability with a specific oxygen utilization rate (SOUR) test method

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 37-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Samson ◽  
G. A. Ekama
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Oxygen Utilization ◽  
Sewage Sludges ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Oxygen Utilization Rate ◽  
Specific Oxygen Utilization Rate ◽  
Biodegradable Organic Matter

Sewage sludge treatment systems are intended to stabilize the sludge so that its disposal or reuse can be environmentally acceptable. However, stabilized sludges may still contain residual biodegradable organic matter that can be environmentally a nuisance. This paper presents a specific oxygen utilization rate [SOUR, mgO2/(gVSS·h)] batch reactor test method to quantify the residual biodegradable organic matter content of the treated (stabilized) sewage sludges. The results of the study, in which 37 SOUR batch tests were done on 10 different sewage sludges, show that the SOUR, when determined over a prolonged period (4 to 5 days), gives an indirect measure of sludge stability defined as the % soluble and particulate residual biodegradable organics in the sludge; to determine % sludge stability, it is necessary to simulate the experimental SOUR data by means of a general activated sludge model. The % sludge stability obtained for the 10 different sludges, taking due account of their soluble and particulate constituents, was consistent with that expected from the stabilization treatment systems to which the sludges were subjected.

scholarly journals Land reclamation recovery with the sewage sludge use

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 643-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Rincon Tamanini ◽  
Antônio Carlos Vargas Motta ◽  
Cleverson Vitório Andreoli ◽  
Benno Henrique Doetzer
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Available P ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Degraded Area

In this work, investigations were carried out with five treatments [control, three doses of lime stabilized sludge (60, 120, 240 Mg ha-1 dry base) and soil corrective plus mineral fertilizer] to evaluate the immediate recuperation of a borrowed area. The application of stabilized alkaline sewage sludge acted as an acidity corrective, allowed the increase in the organic matter contents (21 to 43.5g dm-3) and available P (44 to 156 mg dm-3). Even with the use of the highest dose, no increase in the concentration of 32 analyzed metals was observed, due to the low concentration of metals in the sludge. The experiment showed that short term restoration of degraded area was possible by using high rates of sewage sludge without metal contamination.

Potential fertilizing properties of sewage sludge treated in the sludge treatment reed beds (STRB)

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1412-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kołecka ◽  
Hanna Obarska-Pempkowiak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Reed Beds

In previous research the fertilizer value of sludge from reed beds was evaluated based on the sampling sludge on different depths from four Danish sludge treatment reed beds (STRB) after long periods of stabilization. The dewatering efficiency of sewage sludge in the STRB is comparable to mechanical dewatering. The long-term stabilization of sewage sludge progressively decreases the concentration of organic matter due to the process of humification. The aim of the work was to determine the changes of organic matter concentration, nutrients concentrations as well as speciation of selected heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu and Zn) in vertical profile of the sewage sludge stabilized in the STRB for 7–15 years. The analyzed sewage sludge was collected from the STRB treating sludge from four municipal wastewater treatment plants located in Denmark serving from 9,000 to 40,000 person equivalent. Analyzed heavy metals (except for Zn) were mostly bound with the most stable – residual – fraction. The most stable metals were Pb and Cr, where the share of the residual fraction exceeded 80.0%. The most mobile metal was Zn, where the share of the mobile fractions (calculated as the sum of I, II and III fractions) exceeded 85.0%. The high concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is the decisive factor in the high valuation of sludge stabilized in the STRB as fertilizer.

scholarly journals BIOCARVÃO DO BIOSSÓLIDO DA ESTAÇÃO DE TRATAMENTO DE ESGOTO DE PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE-SP

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Evelin Koyama Paulino ◽  
Melissa Arantes Pinto ◽  
Daniel Ângelo Macena ◽  
Angelica Caroline Lima ◽  
Elida Moreira de Lima Santana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Final Destination ◽  
Agricultural Application ◽  
Different Temperatures

Biosolidis a material rich in organic matter and other nutrients of agronomic importance such as nitrogen and phosphorus. Its end is almost always in landfills. Therefore, its transformation into biochar by the pyrolysis process would be a way to associate its inherent benefits to biochar, enabling a more appropriate final destination. Given this work the objective was to produce biochar in order to evaluate the viability of use in agriculture. The biochar was produced on a laboratory scale at different temperatures and therefore the characterization of the final product was performed. As a result, the material has proven to be rich in organic matter as temperature increases, thinning the material and increasing the specific surface making the alkaline pH serving as carbon sequestration. Thus, with the constant concern of sewage sludge 47Colloquium Exactarum, v. 11, n4, Out-Dez. 2019, p.46 –61. DOI: 10.5747/ce.2019.v11.n4.e296production, biochar proved to be more efficient than pure sewage sludge for agricultural application.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF COVER CROP USE ON A CONTINUOUS SOYBEAN SEQUENCE IN THE PAMPEAN SEMIARID REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Romina Fernández ◽  
◽  
Cristian Osvaldo Alvarez ◽  
Elias Reinaldo Eggmann Owen ◽  
Alberto Raul Quiroga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Capture Rate ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Term Trial ◽  
Pampa Region

The objectives were to quantify its effect on the yield of the successor summer crop, to evaluate the dynamics of the decomposition of rye residues from a fertilized and unfertilized cover crop (CC), and to evaluate the cumulative effect of 5 years of rye CC in a rotation with a high incidence of soybean on the soil organic matter contents. The study was carried out on a petrocalcic Paleustoll, located in the Southern Plain of the Semiarid Pampa Region. The experiment was part of a long-term trial where in 2010 two treatments for soybean management were installed, continuous soybean without CC and soybeans in rotation with CC. In 2018 an experimental design was established where plots were arranged in completely randomized blocks and 4 management treatments for soybean cultivation were established: continuous soybean without CC, soybean in rotation with CC without fertilization, fertilized with 60 kg N .ha-1, and with 120 kg N.ha-1. Nitrogen fertilization in the CC improved the capture rate of both carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. The results showed that 40% carbon, 60% nitrogen, and 61% phosphorus contained in above-ground biomass were lost from the CC from drying to soybean harvest. The highest soybean yields were recorded in the rotation with fertilized CC, due to a positive effect between the higher soil water content in the early stages of cultivation due to a greater amount of residues, and also by the contribution of different nutrients during the soybean crop-cycle. The long-term trial showed that after 5 years of cover crops in the soybean rotation there was no effect on the organic matter contents.

scholarly journals Characterization of sewage sludge generated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and perspectives for agricultural recycling

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Henrique Marques de Abreu ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Dos Santos Leles ◽  
Jorge Makhlouta Alonso ◽  
Elton Luis Da Silva Abel ◽  
Ricardo Rodrigues de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Potential Demand ◽  
Janeiro State

Sanitary sewage collection and treatment is a serious environmental problem in Brazilian cities, as well as the destination of solid waste resulting from this process, i.e. the sewage sludge, a substance rich in organic matter and nutrients, which is normally discarded in landfills. The aim of this study was to characterize the sewage sludge generated in four treatment stations in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil and check if they meet the legal criteria of the National Environment Council (CONAMA), Resolution No. 375/2006. It also focused on analyzing the perspectives for its agricultural recycling based on the potential demand for main agricultural crops grown in Rio de Janeiro State. Samples from eight sewage sludge lots from four treatment stations located in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro were analyzed. These stations receive and treat only domestic sewage by activated sludge system. For chemical and biological characterization of these lots, representative samples were collected and analyzed according to parameters of CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. In order to analyze the perspectives of agricultural recycling of sewage sludge in Rio de Janeiro State, 10 crops with the largest cultivated area in the state were surveyed and analyzed which of them are apt to receive sewage sludge as fertilizer and/or soil amendment. To determine the potential demand for sewage sludge in agriculture, the area occupied by these crops were multiplied by each fertilizer recommendation considering the sewage sludge as fertilizer. The analyzed sludge presented a high content of nutrients and organic matter and was included in the parameters of heavy metals, pathogenic agents, and bacteriological indicators stipulated by CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. The agricultural panorama of Rio de Janeiro State is favorable for agricultural recycling of sewage sludge since there is a great potential demand for this residue and, among the 10 agricultural crops with the largest cultivated area in the state, sludge can be used as fertilizer or soil amendment in eight of them. The implementation of a State Sewage Sludge Recycling Program could dispose of this material in a more sustainable way, as well as improve the quality of agricultural soils and reduce costs with chemical fertilizers, bringing positive results for sanitation companies and producers.

scholarly journals The circular economy concept in the municipal wastewater and sewage sludge management – site-specific cases from Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jadwiga Kacprzak
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

Abstract Introduction of the circular economy package as a result of the necessity to protect natural resources has also forced a new approach for effective wastewater and biowaste treatment and management. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have become crucial elements of regional bioeconomy - mainly through energy (waste to energy) and matter (nutrients-energy-water) recovery as an element of sustainable development of a smart city. In Poland in 2019 operated 3278 municipal wastewater treatment plants. To achieve specific effluent goals for BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus, different adaptations and modifications have been made. Modernization of technological lines of wastewater treatment has led to a significant improvement in the quality of treated sewage, at the largest WWTPs in Warsaw, Cracow or Gdansk. Eleven WWTPs produce approx. 34% of the total volume of approx. 337 GWh of electricity from biogas in Poland. The potential of producing electricity from biogas in WWTPs in Poland can be estimated at approx. 700–850 GWh per year. According to the data of the Statistics Poland in 2019 in Poland approx. 25% of sewage sludge was used directly in agriculture and for land reclamation. Simultaneously more than 100 WWTPs produce compost at high quality. However only few produce organic/organic-mineral fertilizers, mainly with addition of calcium.

Impact of sewage sludge applications on the biogeochemistry of soils

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Devaney ◽  
M. E. Hodson ◽  
A. R. Godley ◽  
K. Purdy ◽  
S. Yamulki
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Control Soil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Residual Organic Matter

This report describes an investigation into the bioavailability and fate of trace metals and their subsequent impact on important soil microbiological functions such as nitrification, denitrification and methane oxidation in low and high Cu containing soils in the presence and absence of residual organic matter from sewage sludge additions made 10 years earlier. The soils being studied are part of long term sewage sludge trials and include a low Cu soil (13.3 mg Cu/kg soil, 4.18 LOI %), left un-amended to serve as a control soil, soil amended with a high Cu sewage sludge (278.3 mg Cu/kg soil, 6.52 LOI %) and soil amended with a low Cu sewage sludge (46.3 mg Cu/kg soil, 6.18 LOI %). Soil was also amended with inorganic metal salts (273.4 mg Cu/kg soil, 4.52 LOI %) to further investigate the impact of Cu in the absence of additional organic matter contained in applied sewage sludge. Data from the first two years of a project are presented which has included field-based studies at long term sewage sludge trials based in Watlington, Oxford, UK and laboratory based studies at the Institute of Grassland & Environmental Research, North Wyke, Devon, UK.

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