Automatic buffer capacity based sensor for effluent quality monitoring

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
L. Van Vooren ◽  
P. Willems ◽  
J. P. Ottoy ◽  
G. C. Vansteenkiste ◽  
W. Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Buffer Capacity ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Capacity Curves ◽  
On Line

The use of an automatic on-line titration unit for monitoring the effluent quality of wastewater plants is presented. Buffer capacity curves of different effluent types were studied and validation results are presented for both domestic and industrial full-scale wastewater treatment plants. Ammonium and ortho-phosphate monitoring of the effluent were established by using a simple titration device, connected to a data-interpretation unit. The use of this sensor as the activator of an effluent quality proportional sampler is discussed.

Analysis of Techniques for Evaluating and Optimizing Existing Full-Scale Wastewater Treatment Plants

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Daigger ◽  
J. A. Buttz ◽  
J. P. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Hydraulic Analysis ◽  
Tracer Testing ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents an analysis of techniques applied to the evaluation and optimization of nearly 40 full-scale wastewater treatment plants. The techniques evaluated included oxygen transfer analysis by off-gas and hydrogen peroxide techniques, clarifier analysis by stress testing and hydraulic analysis, on-line monitoring, and reactor tracer testing. The results indicate that the process performance of full-scale wastewater treatment units can be measured using these techniques. Advantages exist for off-gas testing when applied to the analysis of low to moderate turbulence diffused air systems. Hydrogen peroxide analysis can be applied to essentially all oxygen transfer systems. Stress testing can be used to quantify the treatment capability of clarifier units; hydraulic analysis can then be used to identify clarifier upgrade opportunities and to quantify the impact of any modifications implemented. On-line monitoring is the most powerful technique tested. It has been used successfully to optimize and improve full-scale treatment plants. Reactor tracer testing can be used to identify upgrade opportunities for full-scale units.

Wastewater treatment by pond systems: experiences in Catalonia, Spain

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. García ◽  
R. Mujeriego ◽  
A. Bourrouet ◽  
G. Peñuelas ◽  
A. Freixes
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Limited Operator ◽  
Very High

An evaluation of the 24 existing pond systems for treatment of urban wastewater in Catalonia (north-eastern Spain) was conducted in 1997-1998. The evaluation covered 13 aerated ponds, 7 waste stabilization ponds (WSP), and 4 maturation ponds added to conventional biological wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The technical characteristics of the pond systems were obtained through a survey completed during several visits to the plants. Performance data was supplied by the Catalonia Wastewater Agency and the monthly monitoring campaigns conducted during 12 months in five WWTP. The average ratio of water surface to population equivalent (p-e) is 1.3 m2/p-e for aerated ponds, 9.6 m2/p-e for WSP and 1.7 m2/p-e for maturation ponds added to conventional WWTP. Average electrical energy consumption is 0.5 kW.h/m3 for aerated ponds and 0.04 kW.h/m3 for WSP (when wastewater has to be pumped from the sewer). Most of the WSP show an inadequate level O & M, because the very limited operator attendance (0.6 h/dayon average) as compared to aerated ponds (3.2 h/day on average). Effluent quality of aerated ponds (31 mg SS/l and 22 mg BOD5/l, on average) is usually better that of WSP (100 mg SS/l and 67 mg BOD5/l, on average). Most of the WSP are overloaded, with only two of the pond systems receiving less than 50 kg BOD5/ha. Facultative WSP show a better performance than anaerobic WSP; anaerobic WSP have very high overloading conditions (with more than 250 kg BOD5/ha.d). Average effluent quality of all the pond systems studied comply with European Union standards.

Optimization of nutrient removal with on-line monitoring and dynamic simulation

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Leeuw ◽  
J. F. Kramer ◽  
B. A. Bult ◽  
M. H. Wijcherson
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Process Optimization ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Process Modelling ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Effluent Standards ◽  
On Line

Many Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTP) have to reach stricter effluent standards. WWTPs loaded with a low F/M-ratio can often reach these standards by process optimization, without extension of the plant. This paper presents the step by step approach of the process optimization. An important step is a three week period of on-line monitoring of ammonium, nitrate and phosphorus: the analyses provide information about changes of effluent quality within the day. Another important step is process modelling. The model is calibrated by the on-line measurements. Process modelling enables a comparison of the effectiveness of different process modifications. This approach is applied at a WWTP of the Friesland Waterboard.

Specific SBR population behaviour as revealed by comparative dynamic simulation analysis of three full-scale municipal SBR wastewater treatment plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G.E. Rönner-Holm ◽  
A. Mennerich ◽  
N.C. Holm
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Similar Kinetic

Three full-scale municipal sequential batch reactor (SBR) wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were investigated by dynamic simulation studies using ASM1.All three WWTPs showed similar kinetic and stoichiometric conditions in the SBR population behaviour after calibration of the models. The simulation results detected only a discrepancy to the ammonia online data during and shortly after shock loading under anoxic and anaerobic conditions that so far could not be adjusted by the ASM1 model. However, these differences did not severely affect the quality of the simulations nor the effluent flows. Additionally, in all cases a dynamic alpha factor curve occurred during the aeration phases that was verified by further oxygen transfer measurements. This might reveal new aspects for the process control, design and simulation of SBR WWTPs. A short lag phase was detected in many cases at the beginning of the first aeration phase.

scholarly journals Reconsideration and upgrading of sampling and analysis methods for avoiding measurement-related design and operation failures in wastewater treatment

Water SA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3 July) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Bakos ◽  
A Deák ◽  
A Jobbágy
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrochemical Measurement ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Floc Structure ◽  
Wastewater Quality

Success of design and high operational efficiency may basically stand or fall on the quality of measured (or estimated) input data. Even small mistakes committed in the initial steps of sampling and analysis may become large once scaled up in the design process or during full-scale operation. The paper provides several experiment-based practical recommendations and easily implemented, powerful methods for appropriate sampling and analysis practice in wastewater treatment. Representative wastewater characterization is crucial for satisfactory design and cost-effective operation. The paper highlights hidden problems and challenges of sampling and analysis in activated sludge wastewater treatment which may strongly affect the quality of input data, and thus basically determine the modelling outputs. Full-scale results proved that wastewater quality may change significantly in the sampling tubing and vessels; during the sampling process even nitrification can happen. Regarding sludge settling measurements, effects of dilution, temperature, floc structure, nitrate and dissolved oxygen concentrations as well as current biochemical condition of the sludge sample have been studied and important recommendations provided. A combined comparative method including SVI and DSVI measurements has been elaborated for indication and early warning alert of undesired floc structure transformations. Influent BOD5 concentration is a key factor for describing biodegradability and denitrification capacity of wastewater to be treated. Results of the two most commonly used BOD testing methods were compared for preclarified wastewater. An electrochemical measurement technique provided significantly lower BOD5 concentrations compared to manometric analysis results with a difference of 23% and 15% on average for unfiltered and filtered samples, respectively. Effects of BOD-based fractionation deviations on predictable denitrification efficiency were studied at different inlet C/N ratios by simulating existing full-scale wastewater treatment plants resulting in remarkable differences in effluent nitrate concentrations. Based on the results, application of the manometric BOD measurement method proved to be preferable.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effluent quality parameters of wastewater treatment plant based on uncertainty analysis and post-processing approaches (case study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 1633-1648
Author(s):  
Nasim Hejabi ◽  
Seyed Mahdi Saghebian ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Aalami ◽  
Vahid Nourani
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Uncertainty Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ensemble Methods ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Applied Model

Abstract Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are highly complicated and dynamic systems and so their appropriate operation, control, and accurate simulation are essential. The simulation of WWTPs according to the process complexity has become an important issue in growing environmental awareness. In recent decades, artificial intelligence approaches have been used as effective tools in order to investigate environmental engineering issues. In this study, the effluent quality of Tabriz WWTP was assessed using two intelligence models, namely support Vector Machine (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN). In this regard, several models were developed based on influent variables and tested via SVM and ANN methods. Three time scales, daily, weekly, and monthly, were investigated in the modeling process. On the other hand, since applied methods were sensitive to input variables, the Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis method was used to investigate the best-applied model dependability. It was found that both models had an acceptable degree of uncertainty in modeling the effluent quality of Tabriz WWTP. Next, ensemble approaches were applied to improve the prediction performance of Tabriz WWTP. The obtained results comparison showed that the ensemble methods represented better efficiency than single approaches in predicting the performance of Tabriz WWTP.

Estimating costs and benefits of advanced control for wastewater treatment plants – the MAgIC methodology

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Devisscher ◽  
G. Ciacci ◽  
L. Fé ◽  
L. Benedetti ◽  
D. Bixio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Control Algorithms ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Advanced Control ◽  
On Line

This paper discusses a methodology to estimate the costs and benefits of advanced control for wastewater treatment plants. The methodology has been applied to four wastewater treatment plants, representing four standard types of plants built in Flanders, Belgium. The paper outlines the methodology and illustrated results from one of the four design cases. General results are shown and contrasted with full-scale experience. The methodology appears to give realistic results and will be used for further refinement of default control algorithms for certain types of plants. A preliminary analysis indicates that on-line control can become cost-effective for plant sizes above 50,000 population equivalents.

Investigations of Secondary Settling at a Large Treatment Plant

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Lumley ◽  
P. Balmér ◽  
J. Adamsson
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
On Line ◽  
Secondary Settling ◽  
Periodic Changes

The sedimentation phase of the activated sludge process has a large influence on the effluent quality of secondary wastewater treatment plants. Increasingly stringent effluent guidelines emphasize the need to improve the performance of secondary settlers. Full scale studies of rectangular settlers, at a secondary treatment plant with an average flow of 4 m3/s, were made. The non-settleable fraction of the effluent suspended solids defines an upper limit to settler efficiency. Polymer can be used to enhance settling when dealing with peak flow situations. The mass of solids in the settler, needed to calculate a mass balance of the activated sludge process, can be estimated by a simple model based on the sludge blanket depth and the average concentration of the sludge blanket at a central location in a settler. On-line instruments are useful for monitoring rapid and periodic changes in the state of the activated sludge process.

Statistical identification of monod-kinetic parameters from on-line measurements

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Carstensen ◽  
Poul Harremoës ◽  
Henrik Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
On Line ◽  
Statistical Identification ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
Monod Kinetic

Time series analysis of on-line monitored ammonia and nitrate concentrations from full-scale wastewater treatment plants operated according to an alternating scheme makes the identification of Monod-kinetic expressions possible. The models presented in the present context only include kinetic parameters which have shown to be significant in a statistical sense. Estimates of kinetic parameters for the nitrification and denitrification processes are obtained by applying these models to the time series of ammonia and nitrate concentrations. In this paper, the concept of statistical identification which depends on the two conditions of theoretical and practical identification, is described. Experiences from estimating time series models of the nitrification and denitrification processes with data from two wastewater treatment plants are discussed. It appears that the dynamic of the biological processes on a full-scale plant is strongly varying. The proposed models are suitable for on-line control, because the states of the plant are continuously updated as new information from the on-line sensors becomes available.

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