Perancangan Fasilitas Kerja pada Stasiun Kerja Finishing dengan Metode Quality Exposure Checklist (QEC) di CV X Divisi Sarung Tenun

CV. X is a textile company that manufactures sarong, napkin rags and other fabric materials. The core production process is carried out by the company with several process elements carried out by the company's business partners (subcontract). The fabrication process of a sarong product is carried out with a semi-automatic machine that is operated by an operator with some process elements that are carried out by a conventional operator. Based on the identification of work risks using the Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC) questionnaire, that operator works in a limited body posture condition so as to produce a score of more than 50% and the need for action in the near future. These results indicate how high this risks experienced by finishing work station operators. The condition of the operator working in a folded or squatting sitting position, forearm reach, dynamic hand movements plus limited operator motion because sitting without proper facilities is a major problem. If this is not treated as soon as possible it can have a negative impact on the operator such as physical fatigue, decreased operator performance to skeletal muscle injury (mosquletal disorder). Quick Exposure Checklist show that the occupational risk level of work is at level 3 (three) which shown a high score level that action is needed as soon as possible to minimize the risk of work. The proposed action to minimize the risk is to design an ergonomic work facility in accordance with the needs of the operator at the finishing work station using the Anthropometry method. Abstrak. CV. X merupakan perusahaan tekstil yang memproduksi kain sarung, lap serbet serta bahan kain lainnya. Proses produksi inti dilakukan oleh perusahaan dengan beberapa elemen proses yang dilakukan oleh mitra usaha perusahaan (subcont). Proses pabrikasi produk kain sarung dikerjakan dengan mesin-mesin semi otomatis yang dioperasikan operator dengan beberapa elemen proses yang dikerjakan operator secara konvensional. Berdasarkan identifikasi dan observasi resiko kerja menggunakan kuesioner Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC), operator bekerja pada kondisi postur tubuh yang terbatas sehingga menghasilkan hasil skor lebih dari 50% dan diperlukannya tindakan dalam waktu dekat. Hasil ini menunjukan besarnya resiko kerja yang dialami operator stasiun kerja finishing. Kondisi operator yang bekerja pada posisi duduk terlipat maupun jongkok, jangkauan tangan kedepan, pergerakan tangan yang dinamis ditambah terbatasnya gerak operator karena duduk tanpa ditunjang fasilitas yang layak menjadi faktor masalah utama. Jika hal ini tidak ditangani sesegera mungkin dapat mengakibatkan dampak negatif terhadap operator seperti kelelahan fisik, penurunan kinerja operator hingga cedera otot rangka (mosquletal disorder). Hasil penilaian resiko kerja Quick Exposure Checklist menunjukkan bahwa level resiko kerja pekerjaan berada pada level 3 (tiga) yang menunjukan level skor tinggi sehingga perlu dilakukannya tindakan dalam waktu dekat guna meminimasi besarnya resiko kerja. Tindakan yang diusulkan guna meminimasi resiko tersebut yaitu dengan merancang fasilitas kerja yang ergonomis sesuai dengan kebutuhan operator pada stasiun kerja finishing dengan menggunakan metode Antropometri.

The Stella Field, Block 30/6a, UK North Sea

The Stella Field is located in UKCS Block 30/6a, c. 230 km SE of Aberdeen. Stella Field is a four-way, dip-closed and salt-cored dome with a 600 ft gas-condensate column underlain by a 250 ft oil column within the 5–30 ft thick Paleocene Andrew Sandstone Member. Oil is also present in the underlying chalk reservoirs of the Danian Ekofisk and Maastrichtian Tor formations. Following the discovery of the field in 1979 there have been three phases of appraisal followed by the recent development, with first oil in February 2017.The field development has been challenging as the 38-year gap between discovery and first oil illustrates. Principal challenges have included structural undulations and radial faulting combined with a thin primary reservoir, variation in hydrocarbon, compartmentalization and depletion relating to producing fields. These issues have been reviewed following the latest drilling results and ideas on the petroleum geology updated.Block 30/6a, containing the Stella Field, was originally awarded to Shell/Esso in the first Licensing Round in 1964 as part of multi-block licence P011. The current Stella P.011 licence holders are Ithaca Energy (UK) Limited (operator) with 54.66%, Dyas UK Limited with 25.34% and Petrofac GSA Limited with 20%.

Weak Compactness of Almost Limited Operators

This paper is devoted to the relationship between almost limited operators and weakly compact operators. We show that ifFis aσ-Dedekind complete Banach lattice, then every almost limited operatorT:E→Fis weakly compact if and only ifEis reflexive or the norm ofFis order continuous. Also, we show that ifEis aσ-Dedekind complete Banach lattice, then the square of every positive almost limited operatorT:E→Eis weakly compact if and only if the norm ofEis order continuous.

AN OPERATOR SUMMABILITY OF SEQUENCES IN BANACH SPACES

Let 1 ≤ p < ∞. A sequence 〈 xn 〉 in a Banach space X is defined to be p-operator summable if for each 〈 fn 〉 ∈ lw*p(X*) we have 〈〈 fn(xk)〉k〉n ∈ lsp(lp). Every norm p-summable sequence in a Banach space is operator p-summable whereas in its turn every operator p-summable sequence is weakly p-summable. An operator T ∈ B(X, Y) is said to be p-limited if for every 〈 xn 〉 ∈ lpw(X), 〈 Txn 〉 is operator p-summable. The set of all p-limited operators forms a normed operator ideal. It is shown that every weakly p-summable sequence in X is operator p-summable if and only if every operator T ∈ B(X, lp) is p-absolutely summing. On the other hand, every operator p-summable sequence in X is norm p-summable if and only if every p-limited operator in B(lp', X) is absolutely p-summing. Moreover, this is the case if and only if X is a subspace of Lp(μ) for some Borel measure μ.

A Successful Format for Semester-Long, Design, Build, and Test Early Design Projects

This paper will present the philosophy and describe the lessons learned from the author's fifteen years of experience in developing semester-long, team, design, build, and test projects appropriate for an introductory engineering design course. The topics covered will be: project expectations, the content and organization of the course, the issues associated with the project, examples of project statements and student solutions, a list of the "DO's" and "DO NOT's" for project conception, development, expectations, management and evaluation. Specific issues that will be addressed are: team formation, team size, team mentoring, varying skill levels between teams, spreading the "pain", discouraging last minute construction, grading methodology, reporting requirements, design for assembly, monitoring, and project selection/development. Issues related to project selection/development are safety, compete against the clock not each other, limited operator participations, expectations, design testing and evaluation, and esthetics. Student feedback is presented on whether project outcomes were satisfied and their feelings about working in teams and competing.

Wastewater treatment by pond systems: experiences in Catalonia, Spain

An evaluation of the 24 existing pond systems for treatment of urban wastewater in Catalonia (north-eastern Spain) was conducted in 1997-1998. The evaluation covered 13 aerated ponds, 7 waste stabilization ponds (WSP), and 4 maturation ponds added to conventional biological wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The technical characteristics of the pond systems were obtained through a survey completed during several visits to the plants. Performance data was supplied by the Catalonia Wastewater Agency and the monthly monitoring campaigns conducted during 12 months in five WWTP. The average ratio of water surface to population equivalent (p-e) is 1.3 m2/p-e for aerated ponds, 9.6 m2/p-e for WSP and 1.7 m2/p-e for maturation ponds added to conventional WWTP. Average electrical energy consumption is 0.5 kW.h/m3 for aerated ponds and 0.04 kW.h/m3 for WSP (when wastewater has to be pumped from the sewer). Most of the WSP show an inadequate level O & M, because the very limited operator attendance (0.6 h/dayon average) as compared to aerated ponds (3.2 h/day on average). Effluent quality of aerated ponds (31 mg SS/l and 22 mg BOD5/l, on average) is usually better that of WSP (100 mg SS/l and 67 mg BOD5/l, on average). Most of the WSP are overloaded, with only two of the pond systems receiving less than 50 kg BOD5/ha. Facultative WSP show a better performance than anaerobic WSP; anaerobic WSP have very high overloading conditions (with more than 250 kg BOD5/ha.d). Average effluent quality of all the pond systems studied comply with European Union standards.

Ruggedising biomedical devices for field-testing in resource-constrained environments: Context, issues and solutions

Community Health Workers (CHWs) are community members who address primary health challenges through education, prevention, and awareness initiatives. CHWs conduct home visits, provide treatment for simple common illnesses, and offer health education on numerous topics including nutrition, child health, and family planning. Since they serve on the frontlines of healthcare in rural communities, ruggedised and low-cost biomedical devices could improve the efficiency and efficacy of their caregiving efforts. However, the vast majority of biomedical devices used in sub-Saharan Africa are designed by engineers in Western countries who are not familiar with the distinct physical, environmental, socio-cultural, and economic environment of the context for which they are designing. Systemic challenges include long distances, poor transportation, unreliable infrastructure, harsh climate, and limited operator education. Specifically, three sets of hurdles to the adoption, sustainability and usability of devices by the CHWs include vibrations and wire strain, dust and water penetration, and device usability. This article discusses the operational context of CHWs and then delves into the specific problems encountered, and practical solutions applied, during four years of field-testing ruggedised biomedical devices in rural Kenya.