scholarly journals Assessment of the social capital impact on the household income of the Russian Federation regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
N. Е. Karmanova ◽  
A. V. Koritskiy
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Quantitative Characteristic ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Purpose of research. To identify the impact of social capital on economic development and income, using mathematical modeling. Also, based on the analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature on the theoretical foundations of social capital, to give a qualitative and quantitative characteristic of such indicators of social capital as marriage, divorce, the ratio of these indicators and the mechanisms of its possible impact on the income of Russian citizens.  Materials and methods. General scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, empirical methods were used to obtain scientific results. The theoretical basis of the study is the fundamental theoretical work and publications of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of social capital research as a factor affecting the development of the national economy as a whole and the income of the Russian population, in particular. The authors propose a methodological approach that distinguishes the study from other economists – this is mathematical modeling using the extended Cobb-Douglas production function with the inclusion of indicators representing human and social capital in the number of independent variables of this function. The variable, characterizing social capital is a statistical indicator “the ratio of marriage and divorce”, as a characteristic of the state of social (or its components of moral capital) in Russia. The calculations used data from statistical reference books “Regions of Russia. Socio-Economic Indicators”, “weighted” regressions, the indicator “number of people employed in the region’s economy” was used as a weighted variable.  Results. Calculations of spatial regression equations, using official statistics are carried out. The statistical evaluation of the effect of social capital on the income differentiation of the population in the regions of Russia is presented. Social capital, as shown by the calculations of the regression equations, along with the fixed capital per worker and the average level of education of the population, employed in the economy of the regions, has a significant impact  on both income and differentiation of income of the population of Russian regions. In addition, calculations indicate that the frequency of divorces adversely affects the income of the employed population of the regions of Russia.  Conclusion. Calculations and analysis of statistical indicators show that social capital in Russia does not accumulate, but degrades. This can lead to undesirable consequences in terms of economic development, preventing the movement along progressive trajectories. In particular, for example, to the spread of such a negative phenomenon as information asymmetry in different groups: at work or in the family, which can interfere with productive work and result in lower quality of work, service, efficiency and competitiveness. Therefore, there is an urgent need to envisage a number of measures to accumulate and save social capital. Including the strengthening of the family, which makes a significant contribution to the creative processes of trust, and accordingly, the growth of social capital.  

Social identity and family business: exploring family social capital

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Schmidts ◽  
Deborah Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Identity Theory ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Family Social Capital ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to use social identity theory to explore factors that contribute to the development of family social capital. Effects are investigated both for the family and the business. Design/methodology/approach – A single in-depth case study focussing on the family unit was coducted within a fourth-generation family business involved in the arts retailing. Findings – The findings suggest that social identity theory is a useful lens to explore the development of family social capital. The six themes identified highlight that there is a normative and an affective dimension, leading to family members’ desire to uphold the status of the business. Evidence suggests that the normative factors may be both positively and negatively related to the development of family social capital, due to their potentially restrictive nature. Originality/value – The paper’s findings imply that social identity can contribute to understanding family dynamics. Evidence highlights various factors for family members that are not involved in the family business to uphold its status. This is attributed to the emotional significance of the business to the family’s identity. Furthermore, this paper suggests that the strong focus on norms and values, which developed gradually, may have adverse effects on the identification with the business and the willingness to uphold its status. Propositions are offered to provide guidance for future research to investigate this controversial evidence regarding the impact of value orientation on family social capital.

scholarly journals An Attempt to Assess the Quantitative Impact of Institutions on Economic Growth and Economic Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Mariusz Próchniak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Solow Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study aims at assessing to what extent institutional environment is responsible for worldwide differences in economic growth and economic development. To answer this question, we use an innovative approach based on a new concept of the institutions-augmented Solow model which is then estimated empirically using regression equations. The analysis covers 180 countries during the 1993-2012 period. The empirical analysis confirms a large positive impact of the quality of institutional environment on the level of economic development. The positive link has been evidenced for all five institutional indicators: two indices of economic freedom (Heritage Foundation and Fraser Institute), the governance indicator (World Bank), the democracy index (Freedom House), and the EBRD transition indicator for post-socialist countries. Differences in physical capital, human capital, and institutional environment explain about 70-75% of the worldwide differences in economic development. The institutions-augmented Solow model, however, performs slightly poorer in explaining differences in the rates of economic growth: only one institutional variable (index of economic freedom) has a statistically significant impact on economic growth. In terms of originality, this paper extends the theoretical analysis of the Solow model by including institutions, on the one hand, and shows a comprehensive empirical analysis of the impact of various institutional indicators on both the level of development and the pace of economic growth, on the other. The results bring important policy implications.

scholarly journals Impact of Human and Social Capital on Economic Development in Pakistan: Empirical Evidence From Primary Data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sibt-e- Ali ◽  
Imran Sharif Chaudhary ◽  
Fatima Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Primary Data Analysis ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of human and social capital on economic development in Pakistan by employing empirical evidence from primary data analysis. The survey was conducted in Multan District based on the household concerning questionnaire. The results conclude that age, on job training, area of residence, public health units, and work experience have positive and significant impact on economic development, while norms of the society and gender have negative impact on economic development.  In other words, it is empirically evident from the analysis that human and social capital has strong impact on economic development.  Therefore, there is an ardent need to bring the sustainable changes in human and social capital for inclusive growth and economic development in Pakistan.

scholarly journals Between Religion and Economics: Towards a Shift of Paradigm in Early Modern Economic Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. p79
Author(s):  
Eleonora Belligni
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Family Economy ◽  
Counter Reformation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

At the beginning of the early modern age, philosophers, religious and political thinkers writing on economics had to deal with categories that were still based on the religious certainties of the medieval West, and with a paradigm built on Aristotelian dialectic between oikos (the family economy) and chrèmata (wealth). From this frame, articulated and innovative investigations on the contemporary economic world were born in the late Middle Ages of Europe: but up until the late seventeenth century, at least, the Aristotelian paradigm remained a rigid cage for most of the writers. Yet, both the impact of some theoretical work on the relationship between religion and economy, and some significant changing in European scenario started to break this cage. Evidence of a shifting of paradigm could be detected even in Counter-Reformation authors like the Italian Giovanni Botero.

scholarly journals Determinants of Fiscal Decentralization Policy in the Republic of Korea

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (0) ◽  
pp. 91-107
Author(s):  
Jhung Soo Park
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Decentralization Policy

The aim of this research is to explore the assignment of fiscal responsibility among levels of government and to evaluate the relative importance of socio-economic development and political-administrative conditions as determinants that explain the variations of fical decentralization policy of government in Korea. The empirical work was based on theoretical work in the area. Time-series data are used to include political and administrative variables which had not been included in previous empirical studies of this area. Regression equations were estimated by Ordinary Least Squares, Cochrane- Orcutt, and Maximum Likelihood techniques, whichever allowed for autocorrelation among the explanatory variables. The empirical results of the determinants study support much of the theoretical work in the area of fiscal decentralization. Socio-economic development, political democracy instability, and administrative factors primarily explain the variations in fiscal decentralization. Findings in this study suggest that if the goal of intergovernmental fiscal policy is to encourage fiscal decentralization or composite decentralization, then it should emphasize the political and administrative factors as well as the socio-economic development factor.

scholarly journals SPECIAL SYSTEM REGIMES OF TAXATION IN THE FORMATION OF INVESTMENT POTENTIAL BY SMALL BUSINESSES: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
И.А. Журавлева
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tax Reporting ◽  
Regional Budgets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Рассматривая инвестиционный аспект в срезе применения специальных системных режимов налогообложения (ССРН) субъектами малого предпринимательства (СМП) в регионах, необходимо отметить актуальность данной проблемы. Стратегическими задачами экономической политики страны является выравнивание уровней развития регионов России и выполнение национальных проектов в стране. Налоговый потенциал, являясь комплексным макроэкономическим потенциалом каждого субъекта федерации, содержит в себе не только показатели финансово-экономического развития, но и инвестиционную привлекательность. Системность специальных режимов налогообложения хозяйственной деятельности СМП играет свою финансовую роль как в формировании бюджетов регионов, так и инициируя инвестиционную привлекательность в субъект, имея в своем ресурсе преференциальную основу минимальных налоговых баз и ставок, упрощения процедур администрирования и налоговой отчетности. Предложена авторская множественная регрессионная модель, показывающая влияние применения малым бизнесом ССРН на инвестиционную привлекательность в регионе. Considering the investment aspect in the context of the application of special systemic taxation regimes (SSTR) by small businesses (SMEs) in the regions, it is necessary to note the urgency of this problem. The strategic tasks of the country's economic policy are to level the levels of development of the regions of Russia and the implementation of national projects in the country. Tax potential, being the complex macroeconomic potential of each constituent entity of the Federation, contains not only indicators of financial and economic development, but also investment attractiveness. The systematic nature of special taxation regimes for the economic activities of the SMEs plays its financial role both in the formation of regional budgets and in initiating investment attractiveness in the subject, having in its resource a preferential basis of minimum tax bases and rates, simplification of administration procedures and tax reporting. The author proposes a multiple regression model showing the impact of small business use of the SSTR on the investment attractiveness in the region.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF ASSESSMENT AND FORECASTING OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONS IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 129-136
Author(s):  
Serhii Makarenko ◽  
Nataliia Oliinyk ◽  
Tetiana Kazakova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Vulnerable Population ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
The Real ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
State And Local ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Real State

The purpose of the article is to carry out an analysis and improvement of the methodological approach for estimating and forecasting socio-economic devel-opment of regions. The methodological basis of the study consisted of scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists and leading specialists, statistical and analytical materials of state authorities. The results are obtained through the use of such methods as: expert – to identify the impact of qualitative and quantitative indicators on the socio-economic development of the region; economicmathematical analysis – to study the influence of a defined group of indicators on the level of development of the region; abstract-logical – for a theoretical synthesis and formulation of conclusions. The results of the study suggest that the introduction of a sound scientific and methodological approach to assessing and forecasting the level of development of the country and regions in particular will allow not only to identify problem areas in the development of the respective territories, but also to get the potential investor reliable information about the real state of affairs and to determine the justification of further investment in the activity of the research object. Using an unjustified scientific and methodological approach not only can distort the real state of affairs in the regions and the country in general, but also send limited financial resources of the State and local budgets in the conditions of the crisis to improve the indicators that have a minor impact on the development of the economy. It is proved that in current crisis conditions, the functioning of the national economy, state authorities should implement a more effective discretionary fiscal policy aimed at reducing the tax burden in the formation of the wage fund of the socially vulnerable population. The errors, ob-tained during misuse of information technologies in the assessment of socio-economic development of regions are revealed. The scientific and methodological approach to determining the coefficient of competence of experts and the value of 1 point of qualification competences during the construction of forecast scenarios and the development of regional economic development programs using intuitive fore-casting methods has been improved. Proposals for improving the system of taxation of the socially vulnerable population are developed.

scholarly journals SPECIFIC FEATURES OF ECONOMIC SECURITY ASSESSMENT OF ENTERPRISES UNDER CURRENT CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS MACROTRENDS: A REGIONAL APPROACH

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Oksana Vivchar
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
First Year ◽  
Security Assessment ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structural Methods

Goal. The goal of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and applied aspects of economic security complex assessment on the example of regional business structures with the use of the apparatus of mathematical modeling in Economics in modern conditions of business macro trends. The assessment of the state of economic security of enterprises is carried out through a system of criteria and indicators. The criterion of enterprises economic security is a measure of the state of the entity in terms of compliance with the established indicators of its activity with pre-established indicators reflecting the essence of economic security. On the basis of this goal, the question arises of solving such problems as: the possibility of developing a unified conceptual approach and tools for assessing the impact of indicators on the of regional business structures’s economic security; developing measures to improve the economic component of regional business structures. Research methods. Structural methods, comparative analysis of empirical data, abstract-logical generalization and mathematical modeling in Economics were applied to solve this scientific problem. Results. In the work on the basis of the methodological approach the model of assessment formation of the enterprise’s economic security has been grounded on the basis of impact of economic security indicators by means of logit and probit-functions. The model does not take into account group effects, that is, there is no analysis of fixed effects. In order to avoid cross-effects, when not only the variable itself influences the likelihood of a crisis, but the public crisis begins to affect the behavior of the variable, two groups of models are built: for the first group of regressions from the sample, all observations after the first year of crises are excluded; for the second group of regressions all data were used except for the crisis years after the first year of the crisis. Conclusions. The fundamental provisions of the scientific investigation will enable domestic regional enterprises to apply the algorithm of forming the economic security assessment of the enterprise using the apparatus of mathematical modeling in Economics.

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