Default Mode, Executive Function, and Language Functional Connectivity Networks are Compromised in Mild Alzheimer´s Disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Weiler ◽  
Aya Fukuda ◽  
Lilian Massabki ◽  
Tatila Lopes ◽  
Alexandre Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode

scholarly journals Age-related differences in resting state functional connectivity in pediatric migraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Bell ◽  
Akashroop Khaira ◽  
Mehak Stokoe ◽  
Megan Webb ◽  
Melanie Noel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Pediatric Migraine ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Status Interaction ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Background Migraine affects roughly 10% of youth aged 5–15 years, however the underlying mechanisms of migraine in youth are poorly understood. Multiple structural and functional alterations have been shown in the brains of adult migraine sufferers. This study aims to investigate the effects of migraine on resting-state functional connectivity during the period of transition from childhood to adolescence, a critical period of brain development and the time when rates of pediatric chronic pain spikes. Methods Using independent component analysis, we compared resting state network spatial maps and power spectra between youth with migraine aged 7–15 and age-matched controls. Statistical comparisons were conducted using a MANCOVA analysis. Results We show (1) group by age interaction effects on connectivity in the visual and salience networks, group by sex interaction effects on connectivity in the default mode network and group by pubertal status interaction effects on connectivity in visual and frontal parietal networks, and (2) relationships between connectivity in the visual networks and the migraine cycle, and age by cycle interaction effects on connectivity in the visual, default mode and sensorimotor networks. Conclusions We demonstrate that brain alterations begin early in youth with migraine and are modulated by development. This highlights the need for further study into the neural mechanisms of migraine in youth specifically, to aid in the development of more effective treatments.

scholarly journals Effects of bariatric surgery on functional connectivity of the reward and default mode network: A pre‐registered analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah S. Heinrichs ◽  
Frauke Beyer ◽  
Evelyn Medawar ◽  
Kristin Prehn ◽  
Jürgen Ordemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Default Mode

Executive Function Subgroups of PTSD Have Differentiable Functional Connectivity and Symptom Chronicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S104-S105
Author(s):  
Audreyana Jagger-Rickels ◽  
Travis Evans ◽  
Anna Stumps ◽  
David Rothlein ◽  
Francesca Fortenbaugh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Functional Connectivity

CNTM-03. Functional connectivity networks in patients with brain tumors and vascular lesions in the occipital cortex

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi224-vi225
Author(s):  
Katharina Rosengarth ◽  
Katharina Hense ◽  
Tina Plank ◽  
Mark Greenlee ◽  
Christina Wendl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Tumor Patients ◽  
Default Mode

Abstract OBJECTIVE Space-occupying brain lesions as brain tumors in the occipital lobe have only been sparsely investigated so far, as this localization is extremely rare with only 1% of cases. It is still unclear how this affects the overall organization of the visual system. We investigated functional connectivity of functional networks associated with higher visual processing between patients with occipital space-occupying lesion in the occipital cortex and healthy controls. METHODS 12 patients with brain tumors, 7 patients with vascular lesions in the occipital cortex and 19 healthy subjects matched for age and sex were included. During functional MRI patients and subjects performed a visual excentricity mapping task. Data analysis was done using CONN toolbox based on Matlab. See-to-ROI connectivities of 23 Regions of Interest (ROIs) implemented in the CONN toolbox which were assigned to the Default Mode, Visual, Salience, Dorsal Attention, and Frontoparietal network were assessed. For each subject, connectivity was calculated using Fischer transformed pairwise correlations. These correlations were first considered separately for each group in one-sample analyses and then compared between the groups. RESULTS Main results show, that compared to control subjects and vascular patients, tumor patients showed weaker intra-network connectivity of components of all networks except the default-network. Tumor patients showed even stronger between-network connectivity in the default-mode network compared to the other groups. Weaker connectivity was observed within the salience network in both patient groups compared to controls. CONCLUSION The results indicate that in the course of the disease, compensatory countermeasures take place in the brain against a brain tumor or a space-occupying brain lesion with the aim of maintaining the performance level and cognitive processes for as long as possible. However, more research is needed in this area to understand the mechanisms and effects of brain tumors and space-consuming brain lesions on surrounding tissue.

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