Di'ao Xinxuekang: Therapeutic Potential in Cardiovascular Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengyu Zhang ◽  
Lingli Li ◽  
Mingying Deng ◽  
Yanan Wang ◽  
AiZong Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Herbal Preparation ◽  
Pharmacological Studies

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in both developed and developing countries. Di'ao Xinxuekang (DAXXK) is a pure Chinese medicine herbal preparation refined from dioscin extracted from the roots of Dioscorea panthaica Prain et Burk and Diosorea nipponica Makino. Objective: To evaluate the application of DAXXK in Cardiovascular disease. Methods: : We searched and summarized all the studies on DAXXK and Cardiovascular disease in pumend, Google, and CNKI. Results: Modern pharmacological studies have shown that DAXXK has pharmacological effects such as dilating blood vessels, lowering blood pressure and cardiac load, improving hemodynamics, lowering blood lipids and anti-platelet aggregation, and is widely used for the therapy of various kinds of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease (CHD), angina pectoris (AP) and myocardial infarction. We provide an overview of the clinical efficacy, molecular mechanisms, safety and therapeutic potential of DAXXK in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, aiming to provide clues and evidence for clinical decision-making. Conclusion: DAXXK exerts cardiovascular protection by regulating a variety of cardiovascular disease-related signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Roles and Clinical Applications of OPG and TRAIL as Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Bernardi ◽  
Fleur Bossi ◽  
Barbara Toffoli ◽  
Bruno Fabris
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Receptor Activator

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the major cause of death and premature disability in Western societies. Assessing the risk of CVD is an important aspect in clinical decision-making. Among the growing number of molecules that are studied for their potential utility as CVD biomarkers, a lot of attention has been focused on osteoprotegerin (OPG) and its ligands, which are receptor activator of nuclear factorκB ligand (RANKL) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. Based on the existing literature and on our experience in this field, here we review what the possible roles of OPG and TRAIL in CVD are and their potential utility as CVD biomarkers.

scholarly journals Emerging role of VCP/p97 in cardiovascular diseases: novel insights and therapeutic opportunities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyang Shu ◽  
Yizhong Peng ◽  
Weijian Hang ◽  
Ning Zhou ◽  
Dao Wen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Heart Research

Valosin-containing protein (VCP/p97) is a member of the conserved type II AAA+ (ATPases associated with diverse cellular activities) family of proteins with multiple biological functions, especially in protein homeostasis. Mutations in VCP/p97 are reportedly related to unique autosomal dominant diseases, which may worsen cardiac function. Although the structure of VCP/p97 has been clearly characterized, with reports of high abundance in the heart, research focusing on the molecular mechanisms underpinning the roles of VCP/p97 in the cardiovascular system has been recently undertaken over the past decades. Recent studies have shown that VCP/p97 deficiency affects myocardial fibers and induces heart failure, while overexpression of VCP/p97 eliminates ischemia/reperfusion injury and relieves pathological cardiac hypertrophy caused by cardiac pressure overload, which is related to changes in the mitochondria and calcium overload. However, certain studies have drawn opposing conclusions, including the mitigation of ischemia/reperfusion injury via inhibition of VCP/p97 ATPase activity. Nevertheless, these emerging studies shed light on the role of VCP/p97 and its therapeutic potential in cardiovascular diseases. In other words, VCP/p97 may be involved in the development of cardiovascular disease, and is anticipated to be a new therapeutic target. This review summarizes current findings regarding VCP/p97 in the cardiovascular system for the first time, and discusses the role of VCP/p97 in cardiovascular disease.

Risks of Cardiovascular Disease and Beyond in Prescription of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manas A. Rane ◽  
Alexander Gitin ◽  
Benjamin Fiedler ◽  
Lawrence Fiedler ◽  
Charles H. Hennekens
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) include aspirin, naproxen, diclofenac, and ibuprofen, as well as selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors such as celecoxib. Their use is common, as well as their side effects which cause 100 000 hospitalizations and 17 000 deaths annually. Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration strengthened its warning about the risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) attributed to nonaspirin NSAIDs. Methods: When the sample size is large, randomization provides control of confounding not possible to achieve with any observational study. Further, observational studies and, especially, claims data have inherent confounding by indication larger than the small to moderate effects being sought. Results: While trials are necessary, they must be of sufficient size and duration and achieve high compliance and follow-up. Until then, clinicians should remain uncertain about benefits and risks of these drugs. Conclusions: Since the totality of evidence remains incomplete, health-care providers should consider all these aforementioned benefits and risks, both CVD and beyond, in deciding whether and, if so, which, NSAID to prescribe. The factors in the decision of whether and, if so, which NSAID to prescribe for relief of pain from inflammatory arthritis should not be limited to risks of CVD or gastrointestinal side effects but should also include potential benefits including improvements in overall quality of life resulting from decreases in pain or impairment from musculoskeletal pain syndromes. The judicious individual clinical decision-making about the prescription of NSAIDs to relieve pain based on all these considerations has the potential to do much more good than harm.

scholarly journals Nuclear Transcription Factor Kappa B (NF-кB) and Molecular Damage Mechanisms in Acute Cardiovascular Diseases. A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana Buzas ◽  
Alexandru Florin Rogobete ◽  
Sonia Elena Popovici ◽  
Tudor Mateescu ◽  
Teodora Hoinoiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Molecular Therapy ◽  
Atheromatous Plaque ◽  
Early Evaluation ◽  
Nuclear Transcription Factor ◽  
Molecular Damage

Abstract Worldwide, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality, and acute coronary syndromes are responsible for a large number of sudden cardiac deaths. One of the main challenges that still exist in this area is represented by the early detection and targeted monitoring of the pathophysiology involved in CVDs. During the last couple of years, researchers have highlighted the importance of molecular and epigenetic mechanisms involved in the initiation and augmentation of CVDs, culminating in their most severe form represented by acute myocardial infarction. One of the most studied molecular factors involved in this type of pathology is represented by nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB), as well as the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs). It has been suggested that miRNAs can also be involved in the complex process of atheromatous plaque vulnerabilization that leads to an acute cardiac event. In this review paper, we describe the most important molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs and atheromatous plaque progression and vulnerabilization, which include molecular mechanisms dependent on NF-κB. For this paper, we used international databases (PubMed and Scopus). The keywords used for the search were “miRNAs biomarkers”, “miRNAs in cardiovascular disease”, “NF-κB in cardiovascular disease”, “molecular mechanism in cardiovascular disease”, and “myocardial NF-κB mechanisms”. Numerous molecular reactions that have NF-κB as a trigger are involved in the pathogenesis of CVDs. Moreover, miRNAs play an important role in initiating and aggravating certain segments of CVDs. Therefore, miRNAs can be used as biomarkers for early evaluation of CVDs. Furthermore, in the future, miRNAs could be used as a targeted molecular therapy in order to block certain mechanisms responsible for inducing CVDs and leading to acute cardiovascular events.

scholarly journals Ficus deltoideaJack: A Review on Its Phytochemical and Pharmacological Importance

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidun Bunawan ◽  
Noriha Mat Amin ◽  
Siti Noraini Bunawan ◽  
Syarul Nataqain Baharum ◽  
Normah Mohd Noor
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Antidiabetic Drug ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Ficus Deltoidea ◽  
Pharmacological Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use

Ficus deltoideaJack (Moraceae) has had a long history of use in traditional medicine among the Malays to alleviate and heal ailments such as sores, wounds, and rheumatism and as an after-birth tonic and an antidiabetic drug. Modern pharmacological studies demonstrated that this plant has a wide variety of beneficial attributes for human health. Despite its importance, a review of this species has not been published in the scientific literature to date. Here, we review and summarize the historic and current literature concerning the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological effects, and toxicity of this wonder plant. This summary could be beneficial for future research aiming to exploit the therapeutic potential of this useful, medicinal species.

CURRENT TRENDS AND FUTURE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH AND IMAGING

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-22
Author(s):  
Pradeep Kumar Radhakrishnan ◽  
Sachin Reddy Kasarala ◽  
Roshini Ambat ◽  
Nayanika Chowdary T ◽  
Nihas Nazer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Cardiovascular Research ◽  
Genetic Sequencing ◽  
Enhance Patient Safety

The domain of science that would witness the greatest exponential contribution of articial intelligence in near future is health care. Improved health care efciency in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis would be the end result. There is great potential of articial intelligence in future directions in cardiovascular imaging. Genotype is a great inuence on disease risk. Identication and characterization of genetic variants is one domain where AI shows great promise. Variant interpretation is one of the key challenges in genetic sequencing. Heterogeneity, low delity and integration difculties stalk the traditional statistical approaches in this eld. High resolution whole organ models and genome wide approaches nally unravel tackling points in interaction of environment with genes, making cardiovascular disease prevention or even auto engineered organs an ultimate reality. Improved access to health and well-being empowers both patients and the physician with reliable access and assistance that intelligently supports clinical decision-making would be the greatest benet. Data analysis with predictive potential would enhance patient safety and preventive medicine and cardiovascular disease that causes the greatest mortality would be the greatest beneciary

scholarly journals Clinical Pharmacogenomics

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1561-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon M. Adams ◽  
Karryn R. Crisamore ◽  
Philip E. Empey
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Drug Toxicity ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Drug Action ◽  
Poor Efficacy ◽  
Existing Data

Pharmacogenomics is a tool for practitioners to provide precision pharmacotherapy using genomics. All providers are likely to encounter genomic data in practice with the expectation that they are able to successfully apply it to patient care. Pharmacogenomics tests for genetic variations in genes that are responsible for drug metabolism, transport, and targets of drug action. Variations can increase the risk for drug toxicity or poor efficacy. Pharmacogenomics can, therefore, be used to help select the best medication or aid in dosing. Nephrologists routinely treat cardiovascular disease and manage patients after kidney transplantation, two situations for which there are several high-evidence clinical recommendations for commonly used anticoagulants, antiplatelets, statins, and transplant medications. Successful use of pharmacogenomics in practice requires that providers are familiar with how to access and use pharmacogenomics resources. Similarly, clinical decision making related to whether to use existing data, whether to order testing, and if data should be used in practice is needed to deliver precision medicine. Pharmacogenomics is applicable to virtually every medical specialty, and nephrologists are well positioned to be implementation leaders.

scholarly journals GDF-15 as a Target and Biomarker for Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Translational Prospective

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramu Adela ◽  
Sanjay K. Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Protective Role

Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a stress responsive cytokine. It is highly expressed in cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells in normal and pathological condition. GDF-15 increases during tissue injury and inflammatory states and is associated with cardiometabolic risk. Increased GDF-15 levels are associated with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertrophy, heart failure, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, and chronic kidney diseases in diabetes. Increased GDF-15 level is linked with the progression and prognosis of the disease condition. Age, smoking, and environmental factors are other risk factors that may increase GDF-15 level. Most of the scientific studies reported that GDF-15 plays a protective role in different tissues. However, few reports show that the deficiency of GDF-15 is beneficial against vascular injury and inflammation. GDF-15 protects heart, adipose tissue, and endothelial cells by inhibiting JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase), Bad (Bcl-2-associated death promoter), and EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and activating Smad, eNOS, PI3K, and AKT signaling pathways. The present review describes the different animal and clinical studies and patent updates of GDF-15 in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. It is a challenge for the scientific community to use GDF-15 information for patient monitoring, clinical decision-making, and replacement of current treatment strategies for diabetic and cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Molecular mechanisms of cardiomyocyte aging

2011 ◽  
Vol 121 (8) ◽  
pp. 315-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sheydina ◽  
Daniel R. Riordon ◽  
Kenneth R. Boheler
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Cellular Changes ◽  
Signalling Cascades ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
And Function

Western societies are rapidly aging, and cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death. In fact, age and cardiovascular diseases are positively correlated, and disease syndromes affecting the heart reach epidemic proportions in the very old. Genetic variations and molecular adaptations are the primary contributors to the onset of cardiovascular disease; however, molecular links between age and heart syndromes are complex and involve much more than the passage of time. Changes in CM (cardiomyocyte) structure and function occur with age and precede anatomical and functional changes in the heart. Concomitant with or preceding some of these cellular changes are alterations in gene expression often linked to signalling cascades that may lead to a loss of CMs or reduced function. An understanding of the intrinsic molecular mechanisms underlying these cascading events has been instrumental in forming our current understanding of how CMs adapt with age. In the present review, we describe the molecular mechanisms underlying CM aging and how these changes may contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document