Adequate intake and supplementation of B vitamins, in particular folic acid, can play a protective role in bone health

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariangela Rondanelli ◽  
Alice Tartara ◽  
Federica Fossari ◽  
Viviana Vecchio ◽  
Milena Anna Faliva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Folate Supplementation

: In vitro and animal model studies have shown that B vitamins (VB) deficiency have negative consequences on bone, as a result of direct or mediated activity of hyperhomocysteinemia. However, there are still no precise indications regarding a possible VB role in order to maintain bone health. So, the aim of this narrative review was to consider the state of the art on correlation between VB dietary intake, blood levels and supplementation and bone health (bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers and fractures risk) in humans. This review included 29 eligible studies. Considering VB blood levels, the 14 studies considered have shown that low serum folate can be a factor risk for reduced BMD and fractures in elderly, particularly women; no independent association was found for other VB. Studies that evaluate relationship between VB dietary intake and BMD are only 2; one, conducted on 1869 women, demonstrated a positive effect of folate intake on BMD, another demonstrated a dose-dependent inverse relationship between vitamin B6 dietary intake and risk of hip fracture, but only for 35298 female participants. Regarding the relationship between BV supplementation and bone health (9 studies with only VB and 4 with other nutrients), all studies that considered patients with hyperhomocysteinemia or with low folate blood levels, are in agreement in demonstrating that folate supplementation (500mcg-5mg) is useful in improving BMD. In conclusion, a request for folate and homocysteine blood levels in elderly patients with osteopenia/osteoporosis is mandatory. For patients with hyperhomocysteinemia or with low folate blood levels, folate supplementation (500mcg-5mg) is crucial.

Silicon: A neglected micronutrient essential for bone health

2021 ◽  
pp. 153537022199707
Author(s):  
Mariangela Rondanelli ◽  
Milena A Faliva ◽  
Gabriella Peroni ◽  
Clara Gasparri ◽  
Simone Perna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Bone Matrix ◽  
Orthosilicic Acid ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cross Links

Bone matrix is predominantly made up of collagen, and in vitro and in animal models studies have shown that silicon is linked to glycosaminoglycans and plays an important role in the formation of cross-links between collagen and proteoglycans, determining the beneficial effects on strength, composition, and mechanical properties of bone. However, there are still no precise indications regarding a possible role of silicon on bone health in humans. Given this background, the aim of this narrative review was to consider the effectiveness of silicon dietary intake and silicon dietary supplementation (alone or with other micronutrients), in order to suggest a daily dosage of Si supplementation, on bone mineral density in humans. This review included eight eligible studies: four regarding dietary intake and four considering supplementation with silicon alone or with other nutrients. Despite the number of studies considered being low, the number of subjects studied is high (10012) and the results are interesting. Although to date the available scientific evidences are not considered valid enough to allow to establish an adequate level of Silicon intake, based on extrapolations from the data obtained with studies on animal and human models, it has been suggested that an adequate intake in order to promote beneficial effects for bone could be considered to be around 25 mg silicon/day. As for silicon dietary supplements, it has been shown that the combined treatment with orthosilicic acid (6 mg), calcium, and vitamin D has a potentially beneficial effect on femoral BMD compared to only use of calcium and vitamin D.

scholarly journals Copper as Dietary Supplement for Bone Metabolism: A Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2246
Author(s):  
Mariangela Rondanelli ◽  
Milena Anna Faliva ◽  
Vittoria Infantino ◽  
Clara Gasparri ◽  
Giancarlo Iannello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Copper Supplementation

While in vitro and animal studies of osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity as well as bone resistance for copper are numerous, and the results encouraging in terms of regulation, human studies are scarce. The aim of this narrative review was to investigate the correlation of blood copper, daily copper intake, and copper supplementation with bone mineral density. This review included 10 eligible studies: five studies concerned copper blood levels, one study concerned daily copper intake, and four studies concerned copper supplementation. Blood copper levels did not show statistically significant differences in four of the studies analyzed, while only one study showed differences between osteoporotic and healthy women, although only with women between 45 and 59 years of age and not between 60 and 80 years of age. The dietary copper intake among women with or without osteoporosis did not show any differences. Only one study with a small sample of subjects carried out these assessments; therefore, it is a topic that the literature must deepen with further studies. The two studies that analyzed the integration of copper (2.5–3 mg/day) only showed good results in terms of slowing down bone mineral loss and reducing resorption markers, confirming the effectiveness of copper supplementation on bone metabolism.

scholarly journals Folic Acid Fortification and Women’s Folate Levels in Selected Communities in Brazil - A First Look

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 286-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrishikesh Chakraborty ◽  
Kwame A. Nyarko ◽  
Norman Goco ◽  
Janet Moore ◽  
Danilo Moretti-Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Folate Supplementation ◽  
Folic Acid Fortification ◽  
Folic Acid Supplements ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Reproductive Aged Women

Abstract. Background: Several countries have implemented mandatory folic acid fortification of wheat flour and selected grain products to increase the folate intake of reproductive-aged women. Brazil implemented a folic acid fortification program in 2004. No previous studies have examined folate differences among Brazilian women following the mandate. Objective: We evaluate differences in serum and red blood cell (RBC) folate concentrations between two samples of women of childbearing age from selective communities in Brazil, one tested before (N = 116) and the other after the mandate (N = 240). Methods: We compared the baseline folate levels of women enrolled in a prevention study shortly before the fortification mandate was implemented, to baseline levels of women from the same communities enrolled in the same study shortly after fortification began. The participants were women enrolled in a folate supplementation clinical trial, at a hospital specializing in treating craniofacial anomalies in the city of Bauru from January 29, 2004 to April 27, 2005. We only compared baseline folate levels before the women received oral cleft prevention program (OCPP) folic acid supplements. Results: Women enrolled after the fortification mandate had higher means of serum folate (20.3 versus 11.2 nmol/L; p < 0.001) and RBC folate (368.3 versus 177.6 nmol/L; p < 0.001) than women enrolled before the mandate. Differences in folate levels between the two groups remained after adjusting for several co-variables. Conclusions: The results suggest that serum and RBC folate levels among women of childbearing age increased after implementing the folic acid fortification mandate in Brazil.

scholarly journals Association between dietary intake and bone density among female Students at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 4699
Author(s):  
Seham H. Alyami ◽  
Maha J. Alqahtani ◽  
Hawra H. Alsadah ◽  
Nouf A. Altumaysi ◽  
Omar I. Abuzaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Bone Development ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Recently, new studies have shown that the prevalence of osteoporosis and related fractures has been increased among young females. This study aimed at finding out the association between dietary intake and bone mineral density (BMD) among university Saudi female students at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 104 females’ students aged 18-24 years taken randomly from Rakkah campus. Dual X-ray absorptiometry was used to evaluate BMD and body composition. A complete and valid questionnaire was used to collect the required information about socio-economic status, lifestyle, body measurements, health history data, and food habits as well as food frequency questionnaire was also used. The results were statically analyzed (SPSS, 2015 V, 23) and descriptive statistics Chi-square test and independent samples t- test were used for the statistical analysis.Results: The results demonstrated that the majority (65%) of students have normal body mass index (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), 58% normal BMD (>-1.0 SD) and 42% have low BMD. Among the low BMD students, 4% having osteoporosis (<-2.5 SD). In the present study, 36.5%, 30.8%, 37.5% and 36.5 % of student with high BMD consumed full fat dairy products, milk, yogurt, laben, cheese, respectively, compared with 21.2%, 19.2%, 245, 29.8% of students with low BMD.Conclusions: Higher intakes in dairy products were associated with students’ bone health. Therefore, students should be more aware of their bone health and increase their knowledge regarding protective dietary foods for bone development.

scholarly journals A targeted approach for evaluating preclinical activity of botanical extracts for support of bone health

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumei Lin ◽  
Mary A. Murray ◽  
I. Ross Garrett ◽  
Gloria E. Gutierrez ◽  
Jeffry S. Nyman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Health ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Licorice Extract ◽  
Botanical Extracts ◽  
Grape Seed Extracts ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit ◽  
Seed Extracts

AbstractUsing a sequential in vitro/in vivo approach, we tested the ability of botanical extracts to influence biomarkers associated with bone resorption and bone formation. Pomegranate fruit and grape seed extracts were found to exhibit anti-resorptive activity by inhibiting receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression in MG-63 cells and to reduce IL-1β-stimulated calvarial 45Ca loss. A combination of pomegranate fruit and grape seed extracts were shown to be effective at inhibiting bone loss in ovariectomised rats as demonstrated by standard histomorphometry, biomechanical and bone mineral density measurements. Quercetin and licorice extract exhibited bone formation activity as measured by bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) promoter activation, increased expression of BMP-2 mRNA and protein levels, and promotion of bone growth in cultured mouse calvariae. A combination of quercetin and licorice extract demonstrated a potential for increasing bone mineral density in an intact female rat model as compared with controls. The results from this sequential in vitro/in vivo research model yielded botanical extract formulas that demonstrate significant potential benefits for bone health.

Concentrations of homocysteine, related metabolites and asymmetric dimethylarginine in preeclamptic women with poor nutritional status

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Herrmann ◽  
Sonia Isber ◽  
Rima Obeid ◽  
Markus Herrmann ◽  
Muhidien Jouma
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Folate Supplementation ◽  
Proxy Measure ◽  
Early Onset Preeclampsia

AbstractBackground: Hyperhomocysteinemia, a proxy measure for the nutritional status of the B vitamins, may be involved in the etiology of preeclampsia via inducing endothelial dysfunction. Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an inhibitor of NO-synthase that may adversely affect the endothelium.Materials and methods: We investigated serum concentrations of folate, vitamin BResults: Higher concentrations of Hcy, cystathionine and methylmalonic acid (MMA) were closely linked to a lower status of the B vitamins. Higher concentrations of Hcy and cystathionine were observed in the preeclamptic group than in the matched controls (median Hcy 9.3 vs. 6.0μmol/L; median cystathionine 284 vs. 232nmol/L). Serum folate was significantly lower in patients than in controls (16.4 vs. 36.0nmol/L). Folate supplementation was less likely to be used in preeclamptic women. Concentrations of MMA were elevated in patients and controls and did not differ significantly between the two groups. Median plasma concentrations of ADMA were significantly lower in asymptomatic women than in those who developed preeclampsia before the 37th week of gestation (0.61 vs. 0.68μmol/L).Conclusions: Elevated serum concentrations of Hcy, cystathionine and MMA indicate poor status of the B vitamins during pregnancy. The adverse effect of Hcy on endothelial function might be related to ADMA in early-onset preeclampsia. More emphasis should be placed on increasing the intake of B vitamins in pregnant women from developing countries.

scholarly journals B-vitamins and bone in health and disease: the current evidence

2014 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Clarke ◽  
M. Ward ◽  
J. J. Strain ◽  
L. Hoey ◽  
W. Dickey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
B Vitamins ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
B Vitamin

Osteoporosis, a metabolic skeletal disease characterised by decreased bone mass and increased fracture risk, is a growing public health problem. Among the various risk factors for osteoporosis, calcium and vitamin D have well-established protective roles, but it is likely that other nutritional factors are also implicated. This review will explore the emerging evidence supporting a role for certain B-vitamins, homocysteine and the 677C→T polymorphism in the gene encoding the folate-metabolising enzyme methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, in bone health and disease. The evidence, however, is not entirely consistent and as yet no clear mechanism has been defined to explain the potential link between B-vitamins and bone health. Coeliac disease, a common condition of malabsorption, induced by gluten ingestion in genetically susceptible individuals, is associated with an increased risk both of osteoporosis and inadequate B-vitamin status. Given the growing body of evidence linking low bone mineral density and/or increased fracture risk with low B-vitamin status and elevated homocysteine, optimal B-vitamin status may play an important protective role against osteoporosis in coeliac disease; to date, no trial has addressed this possible link.

Dietary Phytoestrogens and Bone Health

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Aedin Cassidy
Keyword(s):  
Bone Health ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Selective Oestrogen Receptor Modulators ◽  
Animal Data ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Randomised Controlled

The role of soy phytoestrogens in preserving bone health has to date not been studied in large randomised controlled studies. These bioactive naturally occurring compounds are viewed as potential selective oestrogen receptor modulators based on their structural similarity to oestradiol, in vitro mechanisms of action and hormonal effects in human subjects. Much of the evidence for a role in bone health has stemmed from animal data, as most of the available human studies are of short duration and have used either bone biomarkers or bone mineral density as end point measures. However, recent data from a long-term study suggest these compounds have a bone conserving effect in menopausal women but to accurately examine the relative importance of these compounds for bone health in postmenopausal women an assessment of consumption on fracture rates will be critical.

scholarly journals A Review on the Relationship between Aspirin and Bone Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kok-Yong Chin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Fracture Prevention ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Aspirin is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor commonly used in primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Its users are elderly population susceptible to osteoporosis. It also inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin E2essential in bone remodeling. This prompts the question whether it can influence bone health among users. This review aimed to summarize the current literature on the use of aspirin on bone health. A literature search on experimental and clinical evidence on the effects of aspirin on bone health was performed using major scientific databases. In vitro studies showed that aspirin could enhance the survival of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, the progenitors of osteoblasts, and stimulate the differentiation of preosteoblasts. Aspirin also inhibited the nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB) pathway and decreased the expression of receptor activator of NFκB ligand, thus suppressing the formation of osteoclast. Aspirin could prevent bone loss in animal models of osteoporosis. Despite a positive effect on bone mineral density, the limited human epidemiological studies revealed that aspirin could not reduce fracture risk. A study even suggested that the use of aspirin increased fracture risk. As a conclusion, aspirin may increase bone mineral density but its effect on fracture prevention is inconclusive. More data are needed to determine the effects of aspirin and bone health in human.

Anti-Osteoporosis Activity of Naringin in the Retinoic Acid-Induced Osteoporosis Model

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (04) ◽  
pp. 663-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Wei ◽  
Zhonglin Yang ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Yabo Zhang ◽  
Wing Cho Sse
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Weight Coefficient ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Femur Bone ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
Bone Ash

Isoflavonoids isolated from plants have been confirmed to fight osteoporosis and promote bone health. However, few studies have been conducted to describe the anti-osteoporosis activity of botanical flavonone. Based on the experimental outcomes, we demonstrated the ability of naringin to fight osteoporosis in vitro. We developed a retinoic acid-induced osteoporosis model of rats to assess whether naringin has similar bioactivity against osteoporosis in vitro. After a 14-day supplement of retinoic acid to induce osteoporosis, SD rats were administered naringin. A blood test showed that naringin-treated rats experienced significantly lower activity of serum alkaline phosphatase and had higher femur bone mineral density, compared to untreated rats. All three dosages of naringin improved the decrease in bone weight coefficient, the length and the diameter of the bone, the content of bone ash, calcium, and phosphorus content induced by retinoic acid. The data of histomorphological metrology of naringin groups showed no difference as compared to normal control rats. These outcomes suggest that naringin offer a potential in the management of osteoporosis in vitro.

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