scholarly journals Implementation of Contact-Condensation Hardening Theory Mechanisms when Forming Building Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-102
Author(s):  
M. P. Stepanova ◽  
O. A. Sotnikova
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Contact Condensation

Purpose of research is to study cheaper composite materials for building structures such as cement-free ones without heat treatment, which will undoubtedly allow finding their application in building industry. To achieve this goal it is necessary to identify patterns of structure formation of clinker-free contact condensation hardening composite materials in which portlandite crystals act as a matrix, and the physicochemical active component of natural origin acts as a filler.Methods. In accordance with the purpose set, one of the main tasks of the work was to be solved; it involved study-ing the patterns of structure formation of contact-condensation hardening systems relying on the basic principles of materials science, which include studying the influence of the composition, structure and state of the starting com-ponents on the properties of a composite material. In this work, we studied the role of the physicochemical activity of raw materials and the possibility of ‘combining’ a portlandite matrix with filling mechano-physicochemical active raw materials capable of producing new structures. To form the composite material, a compaction pressing technique at elevated specific pressures was used, which made it possible to implement the mechanisms of contact condensation technology of structure formation. The formation of physicochemical bonds of portlandite and aluminosilicate filler of various types is also possible with certain ratios of their mass fractions and V/I ratios the optimization of which was one of our objectives.Results. The result of this work is to assess the impact of raw material characteristics and technology parameters on the properties of the resulting material, namely, the improvement of the compacting pressure and the amount of filler when getting a compacted composite.Conclusion. The development of a technology of producing clinker-free contact condensation composites based on portlandite with aluminosilicate filler will expand the raw material base of local building materials, reduce their cost and energy consumption, that is, solve key issues of resource saving in the building materials production.

scholarly journals Composite material based on andesite of Transcarpathia

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
L.I. Melnyk ◽  
L.P. Chernyak ◽  
O.V. Kozlovets
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Adhesion Forces ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Abrasive Resistance ◽  
Quantitative Ratio ◽  
By Products

Composite materials for various purposes are made on the basis of initial mixtures of fillers and bonding components. The varieties of these components and their quantitative ratio determine the qualitative indicators of the composite. This causes rosettes of the raw material base for the production of composites, including the use of by-products of mineral extraction, which meets the objectives of resource saving. This paper presents the results of the study of composite materials on the basis of by-products of extraction of igneous rocks of Transcarpathia - siftings of andesite as a filler and copolymer Latex 2012 as a matrix. The analysis of chemical and mineralogical composition of andesite siftings from Khust quarry was carried out. An analysis of the dependence of the main physical and mechanical characteristics of the studied composites on the concentration of andesite in the range of 55-85 wt. % and of the corresponding change in the quantitative ratio of filler and copolymer is performed. Differences in parameters using andesite samples with different particle size distribution (the poly-fractional with particle size ˂ 3 mm and the dispersion one with particle size ˂ 0.5 mm) were determined. The peculiarities of the formation of the pore structure of the composite material obtained using andesite samples of different granulometry connected with the increasing degree of dispersion associated with the increase in the number of filler particles in the composite, increasing adhesion forces in the copolymer-filler system and increasing of surface energy of andesite particles are shown. The possibility of increasing the abrasive resistance of the composite material when using the initial mixture based on the andesite-copolymer system has been experimentally confirmed.

Ceramic Composition Material with Mullite Crystals Obtained from the Clayy Raw Material of Yakutia

2020 ◽  
Vol 992 ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
M.P. Lebedev ◽  
V.N. Tagrov ◽  
E.S. Lukin
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Composition Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Wide Range

The article deals with the manufacture of modern structural ceramic materials from clay and loam deposits of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The importance and relevance of the development of the production of building materials from local raw materials is emphasized, since this will certainly affect the effectiveness of the construction complex as a whole. The successful development of the construction complex is capable of not only stimulating growth in all sectors of the economy, but also contributes to solving the most pressing social problems. Today, Yakutia has huge reserves of mineral raw materials for the production of a wide range of building materials and products. Of practical interest are wall materials made from clay soils. Given the features of the region’s raw material base, this work focuses on additional processing of traditional material. Controlling the complex physicochemical and structural-mechanical transformations that occur during heat treatment, a methodology has been developed for creating a composite material that will allow competitive innovative materials with enhanced strength properties to be produced with a reinforcing element with a glassy phase matrix of mullite crystals. The fabricated samples have a wide range of physical and mechanical properties and allow using it as a high-quality structural building ceramics, as well as industrial floor technical tile.

Specifics of Structure Formation of Cement Stone with Silica Raw Material - A Substrate of Photocatalytic Composite Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 1017 ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
Viktoriya V. Nelyubova ◽  
Yulia N. Ogurtsova ◽  
M.N. Sivalneva ◽  
Valeria V. Strokova ◽  
P. Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Silica Substrate ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials ◽  
Quantitative Assessments

The increasing urbanization of urban areas poses the challenge of the development of materials capable of self-cleaning from organic pollutants formed. Previous papers substantiated the possibility of the coating of titanium oxide as the main agent of the photocatalytic method of cleaning structural materials on silica raw materials in order to increase the degree of its distribution in the volume of cement matrix and, as a result, increase its efficiency.It is obvious that a silica substrate will affect the processes of structure formation during hardening of a cement matrix. During the research, the processes of phase transformations of cement stone modified with silica raw materials of natural and technogenic origin were studied. As a result, the influence of siliceous modifiers on the strength characteristics of the cement stone was determined, which allowed ranking them according to the degree of decrease in efficiency as follows: technogenic raw materials; natural raw materials of silicate composition; natural raw materials of aluminosilicate composition. Quantitative assessments of the degree of efficiency showed the irrationality of using aluminosilicate composition as a silica modifier of natural raw materials, which is explained by its low pozzolanic activity.

Building Ecomaterials Based on Secondary Raw Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 916-921
Author(s):  
Mihail Gerasimovich Bruyako ◽  
L. Grigoryeva
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Pressing Pressure ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Environmentally Safe

Mineral raw natural resources are not unlimited. Preservation of such non-renewable resources is the most urgent task of mankind. The development of non-waste technologies, the integrated use of secondary raw materials, which simultaneously reduces environmental damage - one of the ways to solve environmental problems. Utilization of wastes makes it possible to solve issues of environmental protection as well as resource saving. In the light of environmental requirements, building materials based on recycled materials, including cellulose-containing solid waste, have significant advantages over other traditional materials. Development of technology for obtaining new effective environmentally safe composite highly filled materials based on cellulose-containing solid household waste for the production of construction products is a rational link in solving the general problem of improving the environmental situation. In the article there are three main ways of combining gypsum binder with cellulose-containing solid household waste. Investigations were carried out on the effect of changing the ratio of cardboard / gypsum binder, specific pressing pressure, sequence of combination of components on the properties of the final product. The strength of the material was determined from the values of the flexural strength, the compression to complete destruction of the sample, and at 10% deformation. Studies have been carried out to increase moisture resistance. The results showed that the most optimal way of combining is the 2 way. The increase in moisture resistance is significantly enhanced by the action of organosilicon hydrophobisers.

The Development of Composite Building Product and its Fire Technical Characteristics

2014 ◽  
Vol 1001 ◽  
pp. 368-372
Author(s):  
Miroslava Netopilová ◽  
Jan Mikulenka ◽  
Anna Benešová
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Building Product ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Renewable Raw Material

The article focuses on the research and development of a new composite material applicable in building industry, renewable raw material resources and industrial waste materials. The aim of the research is not only the application of concrete secondary raw materials but also the gaining of required safety aspects of these composite materials, i.e. certain fire technical characteristics.

scholarly journals SELECTION AND ANALYSIS OF RAW MATERIALS FOR A PROTECTIVE AND DECORATIVE LAYER OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
D. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Alumina ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Functional Coatings

With modern housing construction, the cost of finishing work has increased significantly. The development of protective and decorative coatings is necessary, with architectural and artistic advantages and high performance properties with a slight increase in cost. It is necessary to develop a high-quality multilayer monolithic composite with a high degree of adhesion of functional layers to each other. Glass industry waste of various fractions and coloring salts of metals are proposed to be used for a decorative layer, which allows to obtain an almost unlimited color gamut of the coating during plasma chemical modification. The choice of application of high-alumina refractory and alumina cement in the protective layer is justified due to their high thermal resistance to sudden temperature changes. Compositions of a protective layer based on binders and a decorative layer using crushed colored container glass and coloring metal salts moistened with a 5% aqueous solution of liquid glass have been proposed, which makes it possible to significantly expand the raw material base for obtaining functional coatings on concrete. The melt heating temperature and the kinetics of its cooling are determined in order to identify rational rates and duration of high-temperature treatment for further coating creation. Rational rates of plasma processing of composite material for the formation of coatings of various textures are revealed

scholarly journals Construction of affordable housing using local building materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-165
Author(s):  
V. V. Tytok
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Cost

Trends in housing development should be based on the geographical location and climatic conditions of the region, national characteristics and culture, natural resources, transport links, density and living standards. Construction significantly affects the socio-economic development of the region. In this regard, increasing the sustainability of the regional construction complex, which is based on the building materials industry and the construction industry is a relevant and promising area of research.Demand in the building materials market continues to stimulate increased interest in the development of new types of efficient and inexpensive building materials. Since construction is one of the most material-intensive sectors of the economy, which consumes a large number of construction materials and products, various measures are taken to reduce their cost.In this regard, recently in the construction seek to make greater use of local building materials. This allows you to unload transport from long-distance transportation and significantly reduces the cost of construction. However, the building materials industry cannot develop by focusing only on natural sources of raw materials, as the costs of their extraction and processing are constantly growing. The use of man-made waste provides production with a rich source of cheap and often already prepared raw materials, which reduces the cost of manufacturing building materials.One of the promising areas in the construction of affordable housing is the maximum use of building materials and products that can be obtained from local raw materials and industrial waste. As local building materials are offered: clay, sand, soil, straw, reeds, flax. The use of industrial waste solves both environmental, fuel and energy problems and expands the raw material base of building materials.

scholarly journals THE USE OF WASTE MINERAL WOOL IN THE PRODUCTION OF CERAMIC WALL MATERIALS

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
V. Z Abdrakhimov
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Fusible Clay ◽  
Environmental Situation ◽  
Wall Materials

The environmental situation in Russia is characterized by a high level of anthropogenic impact on the environment, significant environmental consequences of past economic activity. Their disposal and storage costs 8-10 % of the cost of products, so the disposal of such waste is of paramount importance.Due to the involvement of multi-tonnage waste in the production of ceramic materials of mass consumption, which include wall materials, it is possible to radically change the parameters of the raw material base of Russia, which also helps to reduce environmental tensions in the regions. The reduction of reserves of traditional natural raw materials makes us look for new ways to replace it with different types of waste. The experience of advanced foreign countries has shown the technical feasibility of this area and the use of more as a tool to protect the environment from pollution. However, almost all basic building materials can be made from waste or from waste in combination with natural raw materials. On the basis of fusible clay and waste basalt-gabbro-norite charge, which is formed in the production of mineral wool obtained ceramic brick with high physical and mechanical properties, brick grade M150 and above. The absolute advantage of the use of multi-tonnage waste is the unloading of the environmental situation, which contributes to the solution of industrial waste disposal and environmental protection. Innovative proposals for the use of waste from the production of mineral wool in the production of wall materials - ceramic bricks based on fusible clay, the novelty of which is confirmed by patents of the Russian Federation.

RESOURCE SAVING APPROACH TO RAW MATERIAL BASE OF BUILDING INDUSTRY

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G ChUMAChENKO
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Toxic Level ◽  
Primary Products ◽  
Selection Of

An estimate of natural and technogenic raw material bases for construction materials production is given. These two groups of primary products are suggested to be considered as a united raw material base for building industry due to including industrial wastes. To be selected for an appropriate use every industrial waste sort must undergo several levels of estimation on the following criteria: toxic level; chemical and mineral composition; selection of wastes from ready-made construction materials or their components; selection of wastes from ready-made raw mixes for the production of building materials; estimation of aggregate state; estimation of the amount of formation. After such a multilevel estimation, waste is getting a certain status.

scholarly journals Structure Formation Processes and Green Ceramics Manufacturing from Hazardous Bauxite Red Mud and Ferrous Slag

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vsevolod Mymrin ◽  
Kirill Alekseev ◽  
Walderson Klitzke ◽  
Monica A. Avanci ◽  
Paulo H.B. Rolim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Traditional Natural

Abstract This paper reports the development and characterization of some new ceramic materials from hazardous bauxite red mud (50 to 100 wt.%) and blast furnace slag (10 and 50%). This research aimed to demonstrate the possibility of expanding the raw material base for ceramics production, completely replacing the traditional natural raw materials (clay and sand) by hazardous industrial wastes composites with increasing local and global sustainability. Studies on the physicochemical processes of the ceramic structure’s formation were conducted by the XRF, XRD, AAS, SEM with EDS, and LAMMA methods. Changes in flexural strength, linear shrinkage, water absorption, and density were determined during the sintering process at 1000°, 1050°, 1100°, 1150°, 1200°, and 1225°C. The ceramics` flexural strength after sintering at 1225°C reached 19.78 MPa due to the syntheses of the mainly glass-like structure formation, confirmed by SEM, EDS and isotopes LAMMA methods with the complete binding of the heavy metals.

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