Strengths and Satisfaction Across the Adult Lifespan

2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek M. Isaacowitz ◽  
George E. Vaillant ◽  
Martin E. P. Seligman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Lower Strength ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
The World ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Positive psychology has recently developed a classification of human strengths (Peterson & Seligman, in press). We aimed to evaluate these strengths by investigating the strengths and life satisfaction in three adult samples recruited from the community (young adult, middle-aged, and older adult), as well as in the surviving men of the Grant study of Harvard graduates. In general, older adults had higher levels of interpersonal and self-regulatory strengths, whereas younger adults reported higher levels of strengths related to exploring the world. Grant study men tended to report lower strength levels than older adults from the community. Among the young adults, only hope significantly predicted life satisfaction, whereas among the middle-aged individuals, the capacity for loving relationships was the only predictor. Among community-dwelling older adults, hope, citizenship, and loving relationships all positively and uniquely predicted life satisfaction, compared with loving relationships and appreciation of beauty in the Grant sample.

scholarly journals Laying the foundation for a core set of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for community-dwelling adults aged 75 years and above in general practice: a study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e024274
Author(s):  
Johanna Tomandl ◽  
Stephanie Book ◽  
Susann Gotthardt ◽  
Stefan Heinmueller ◽  
Elmar Graessel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

IntroductionWith the medical focus on disease, the problem of overdiagnosis inevitably increases with ageing. Considering the functional health of patients might help to discriminate between necessary and unnecessary medicine. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is an internationally recognised tool for describing functional health. However, it is too detailed to be used in primary care practices. Consequently, the aim of this study is to identify relevant codes for an ICF core set for community-dwelling older adults (75 years and above) in primary care.Methods and analysisThe study will follow the methodology proposed by the ICF Research Branch to identify relevant concepts from different perspectives: (1) Research perspective: A systematic review of studies focusing on functional health in old age will be conducted in different databases. Relevant concepts will be extracted from the publications. (2) Patients’ perspective: Relevant areas of functioning and disability will be identified conducting qualitative interviews and focus groups with community-dwelling older persons. The interviews will be transcribed verbatim and analysed using the documentary method of interpretation. (3) Experts’ perspective: An online survey with open-ended questions will be conducted. Answers will be analysed using the qualitative content analysis of Mayring. (4) Clinical perspective: A cross-sectional empirical study will be performed to assess the health status of community-dwelling older adults using the extended ICF checklist and other measurement tools.Relevant concepts identified in each study will be linked to ICF categories resulting in four preliminary core sets.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for the study was obtained (90_17B). All participants will provide written informed consent. Data will be pseudonymised for analysis. Results will be disseminated by conference presentations and journal publications.Trial registration numberProjektdatenbank Versorgungsforschung Deutschland: VfD_17_003833,Clinicaltrials.gov:NCT03384732and PROSPERO: CRD42017067784.

scholarly journals International classification of function, disability and health framework for fall risk stratification in community dwelling older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Majumi M. Noohu ◽  
Aparajit B. Dey ◽  
Shashi Sharma ◽  
Mohammed E. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Fall Risk ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Fall Risk Assessment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Falls is an important cause for mortality and morbidity in older adults. The fall risk assessment is an integral component of fall prevention in older adults. The international classification of function, disability and health (ICF) can be an ideal comprehensive model for fall risk assessment. There is lack of information relating ICF and fall risk assessment in community dwelling older adults. In this study we tried to assess the fall risk using different domains of ICF using various clinical tools. A total of 255 subjects were recruited through convenient sampling method from geriatric clinic (OPD) of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. The study was single session cross-section design. The body mass index (BMI), grip strength, depression score (Geriatric depression scale:short form; GDS-S) and co morbidities were used to assess body function and structure domain, timed up and go (TUG), Berg balance scale (BBS) and elderly fall screening test (EFST) scores were used for activity domain, selfreported cause of fall, medications and uses of assistive device for environmental factors. Then the association of body function and structure, activity and environmental factors were determined with falls. There was an association of fall in analysis in subjects with no fall and one or more falls for, BMI, grip strength (kg), GDS-S score, no. of co morbidities, chronic pain, TUG, BBS, TUG (s), BBS, EFST, slip/trip, walking cane, hypoglycemic and antihypertensives medications (unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio).The diabetes, and hyper tension showed association for adjusted odds ratio only. In subjects with one fall and more than one fall, TUG, BBS, EFST, GDS-S score, NSAIDS and antidepressants use showed a significant association with fall (unadjusted and adjusted odds ratio). The ICF may be used in routine for fall risk assessment in community dwelling older adults.

Life satisfaction and participation among community-dwelling older adults: Data from the FIBRA study

2019 ◽  
pp. 135910531989302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiguara Bertelli-Costa ◽  
Anita Liberalesso Neri
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Specific Domain ◽  
Global Life Satisfaction ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study investigates the association between participation in four domains of physical activity, social activities, and global life satisfaction among 2344 community-dwelling older adults (72.3 ± 5.5 years; 65.6% female) in Brazil. Comparison analyses were performed on the frequencies, and statistical analysis also included univariate and hierarchical logistic regression analysis. Of all the physical activity domains analyzed, only leisure-time physical activity was found to be associated with global life satisfaction. There was also a positive association between global life satisfaction and social activity participation. We conclude that the specific domain in which activity is performed interferes with one’s perception of his or her life.

scholarly journals Contextual factors associated with life-space mobility in community-dwelling older adults based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. e023468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heloisa Maria Jácome Sousa Britto ◽  
Bruna Silva Oliveira ◽  
Cristiano Santos Gomes ◽  
Juliana Martins Pinto ◽  
Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Life Space ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

IntroductionMobility decline compromises functionality and quality of life in old age. Life-Space Assessment (LSA) evaluates mobility considering interaction between person and environment. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a reference to identify and categorise the personal and environmental contextual factors associated to the LSA. Our objective is identifying contextual factors that may influence life-space mobility of older community-dwelling adults based on ICF.Methods and analysisA systematic review of literature will be performed to identify studies published between 1 January 2001 and 10 May 2017 which investigates life-space mobility among older adults. Keywords will be entered into the electronic databases of MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE (OVID), CINHAL (EBSCO), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Cochrane Central (OVID), PsycINFO (EBSCO) and COCH (OVID). Five investigators will work on search databases and standardised screening of the articles. Mobility predictors will be separated into personal and environmental aspects, according to the ICF model. The results will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, and then a meta-analysis will be performed, if applicable.DiscussionKnowledge about life-space mobility in community-dwelling older adults by examining related risk and protective aspects may help practitioners better approach older adults’ mobility and prevent their decline in old age. Furthermore, researchers will have more clues for investigations into factors related to life-space mobility.Trial registration numberCRD42017064552.

Life satisfaction and frailty in community-based older adults: cross-sectional and prospective analyses

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1709-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. St John ◽  
Suzanne L. Tyas ◽  
Patrick R. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Prospective Analyses

ABSTRACTBackground:Frailty may be associated with reduced life satisfaction (LS). The objectives of this paper are to determine if (1) frailty is associated with LS in community-dwelling older adults in cross-sectional analyses; (2) frailty predicts LS five years later; and (3) specific domains of LS are preferentially associated with frailty.Methods:This paper presents analysis of an existing population-based cohort study of 1,751 persons aged 65+ who were assessed in 1991, with follow-up five years later. LS was measured using the terrible–delightful scale, which measures overall LS and LS in specific domains. Frailty was measured using the Brief Frailty Instrument. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, education, and marital status.Results:Frailty was associated with overall LS at time 1 and predicted overall LS at time 2. This was seen in unadjusted analyses and after adjusting for confounding factors. Frailty was associated with all domains of LS at time 1, and predicted LS at time 2 in all domains except housing and self-esteem. However, the effect was stronger for LS with health than with other domains for both times 1 and 2.Conclusions:Frailty is associated with LS, and the effect is strongest for LS with health.

Epidemiology of Homicide in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110302
Author(s):  
Briohny Kennedy ◽  
Lyndal Bugeja ◽  
Jake Olivier ◽  
Marilyn Johnson ◽  
Phuong Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
English Language ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Homicide Victimization ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Empirical research investigating older adult homicide is sparse and rarely accumulated for greater insights. This systematic review and meta-analysis quantifies the prevalence and characteristics of homicide victimization among older adults (65 years and older) compared with younger adults (18–64 years). Method: We searched Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane, Criminal Justice Abstracts, EMBASE, MEDLINE, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published before December 31, 2018 (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews registration: CRD42017054536). Included were English-language, original, peer-reviewed studies describing the homicide of older adults. Excluded were studies not meeting age criteria, residence as an institution, or with insufficient outcome variables. The review included 39 studies; 17 were included in the meta-analysis. Data were extracted via open access or from study authors. Heterogeneity was assessed through study-level random effects estimates. Results: Pooled homicide rates per 100,000 population were 2.02 (95% CI [1.23, 3.33]) for older adults ( n = 35,325) and 3.98 (95% CI [2.42, 6.53]) for younger adults ( n = 607,224; rate ratio = .51, 95% CI [0.37, 0.70], p < .001). Proportion estimates for older adults: victim female 46.3%, location home 71.4%, offender familiar 25.2%, compared to stranger, 24.2%, motive argument 36.1%, compared to felony 30.8%, and weapon firearm 24.5%. Older adults were significantly different to younger adult victims ( p = <.001) for female ( OR = 2.5, 95% CI [2.02, 3.10]), home (3.87, 95% CI [3.45, 4.35]), stranger (1.81, 95% CI [1.66, 1.98]), argument (0.33, 95% CI [0.28, 0.39]), felony (2.78, 95% CI [2.58, 2.99]), and firearm (0.38, 95% CI [0.36, 0.40]). Conclusions: Homicide against older adults differs from younger adults and warrants specific research and tailored prevention strategies.

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