scholarly journals Predisposing and Motivational Factors Related to Social Network Sites Use: Systematic Review (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Mancinelli ◽  
Giulia Bassi ◽  
Silvia Salcuni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Interpersonal Competency

BACKGROUND Social network sites (SNSs) have been defined as Web services that involve creating a private or semiprivate profile. Through these services, adolescents and adults can maintain and create new relationships. Adolescents, in particular, can be considered the main users of these sites as they spend a lot of time on SNSs. In using SNSs, individuals can exert greater control over the conversation and on the information shared, which is associated with a desire for self-presentation. Moreover, the need for self-presentation is related to personality traits such as those of the Big Five, namely extraversion, neuroticism, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, as well as emotional stability, introversion, narcissism, and motivational aspects. The latter are usually linked to an underlying social purpose that might predispose an individual to using SNSs, with the intent of satisfying particular needs, such as belongingness and interpersonal competency. OBJECTIVE Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method, this study aimed to present a systematic review of the scientific literature regarding the predisposing factors related to the Big Five personality traits and motivational aspects associated with the use of SNSs, for both adolescents (12-19 years) and adults (>20 years). METHODS A search ranging from 2007 to 2017 was conducted through the academic database of Google Scholar and PsycINFO, in which the following terms and their derivatives were considered: predisposing factors, personality traits, Big Five model, self-esteem, self-presentation, interpersonal competency, social network site, Facebook, motivation, five-factor model, use, abuse, and addiction. Based on a defined list of inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 9 papers were finally included in the review. RESULTS Our findings identified 3 main personality traits to be of greater value: extraversion, neuroticism, and openness to experience. Extraversion was a good predictor of motivation and SNS use, whereas the latter trait showed relevance for age differences. All 3 features further played a role in gender differences. Apart from extraversion, the self-presentational motive was also related to narcissism, whereas the need to belong presented an association with agreeableness and neuroticism. Further underlining the social value behind SNS use, people perceived interpersonal competency as being related to Facebook use intensity. CONCLUSIONS Extraversion was recognized as the main forerunner for SNS use and motivation for use. Neuroticism seems to be related to an attempt at compensating for difficulties in real-life social contexts. Openness to experiences has a strong valence for both adults and older adults since SNSs are still perceived as a novelty. Moreover, gender differences in SNS usage were observed to be the product of differences in motivation. Implications and limitations of the study were discussed.

scholarly journals SELF-PRESENTATION ON SOCIAL NETWORK SITES, BIG FIVE AND DARK TRIAD PERSONALITY TRAITS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
D.S. Kornienko ◽  
N.A. Rudnova ◽  
E.A. Gorbushina
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Self Image

The spread of social networks as a new environment allows representing self-image and psychological characteristics more or less different from reality. The studies of social network sites (SNS) confirm that self-presentation on the SNS is characterized by using specific strategies to display and regulate information about oneself. Self-monitoring and perfectionistic self-presentation can be considered essential characteristics of self-presentation on a social network site profile. Various connections between personality traits and characteristics of self-presentation on the SNS are revealed. Many studies replicate the relations between extraversion, neuroticism, and narcissism with social network activity and self-image representation. In the current study, we examined the relationship between the characteristics of self-presentation on a social network (realistic demonstrative self and fake deceiving self) with the Big Five and the Dark Triad traits. The characteristics of self-presentation and personality traits were assessed on a sample of 478 undergraduate students. Generally, a realistic demonstrative self is associated with the desire to show the best side of self (self-monitoring), avoidance of self-discussion, while a fake deceiving self reveals connections focusing on others' reactions to self-presentation. Consciousness, neuroticism, openness, and narcissism are predictors for realistic, demonstrative self-presentation, and conscientiousness and Machiavellianism are predictors for false, deceptive self-presentation. Thus, realistic demonstrative self-presentation is associated with controlling the information posted in the network and the desire to arouse admiration, and false self-presentation manifesting as a purposeful strategy for creating an unrealistic image.

Gender Differences in Earnings Rewards to Personality Traits in Wage-employment and Self-employment Labour Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-228
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mohammed ◽  
Priscilla Twumasi Baffour ◽  
Wassiuw Abdul Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
Wage Equations

In an extensive review of wage determination papers, it is concluded that the standard demographic and human capital factors explain little of earning differentials. Consequently, there is a growing interest among economists to include non-cognitive skills measured by personality traits in recent empirical literature to explain variations in earnings. In a bid to contribute empirical evidence to this strand of literature, this study examines the associations between the Big-Five personality traits (i.e., agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, extraversion and neuroticism) and earnings, using the World Bank’s Skills towards Employment and Productivity (STEP) data on Ghana. The study employed regression techniques to estimate a series of semi-logarithmic wage equations that include demographic and human capital factors and the Big-Five personality traits to determine how important these factors are in explaining wage and self-employment earnings. Furthermore, the estimations of the wage equations are done separately for males and females to highlight any gender differences in the way personality traits contribute to earnings. Findings are largely consistent with the literature but uniquely demonstrate that in a power-distant culture like Ghana, where, traditionally, girl-child education has been relegated to the background, agreeable females, and not males, are rewarded in the formal wage employment labour market. However, in the informal self-employment labour market, conscientious males, and not females, are positively rewarded with higher earnings. These unique findings contribute to our understanding of the gender differences in the relative importance of non-cognitive skills in the formal and informal labour markets. JEL Codes: J31, J24

Relationship 2.0: A systematic review of associations between the use of social network sites and attachment style

2020 ◽  
pp. 026540752098267
Author(s):  
Lynne Marie Stöven ◽  
Philipp Yorck Herzberg
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Anxiety Reduction ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Comprehensive Overview

Today, Social Network Sites (SNSs) offer a wide variety of functions for initiating and maintaining personal relationships (i.e. sharing private information, messaging, commenting, liking or viewing others profiles). According to the uses and gratifications approach, individuals chose how they use media in order to satisfy given needs. Regarding personal relationships, attachment style is associated with distinct needs and behaviors. Thus, SNS use should differ with distinct attachment styles. This review aims to answer the question, how attachment style is related to SNS usage pattern and provide a comprehensive overview, by identifying and integrating associations with different facets of SNS use. Results were based on a systematic review of 17 studies. Measures of SNS use could be attributed to the facets of three categories: (1) Quantitative use (i.e. time spent on SNSs, number of friends/followers), (2) qualitative use (social use, parasocial use, self-presentation, monitoring) and (3) SNS motive (anxiety reduction, avoiding closeness). Especially insecure attached individuals strive to satisfy attachment needs through SNS use. While anxious individuals aim to reduce anxiety i.e. by seeking feedback via online social interaction, avoidant users can feel connected browsing others’ profiles without facing the threat of closeness. Insecure attachment was associated with negative outcomes related to SNS use, such as addictive behaviors. Limitations and implications of the findings are discussed.

Gender Differences in Relationship Between Resilience and Big Five Personality Traits in Japanese Adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 920-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhei Iimura ◽  
Kanako Taku
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
School Students ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Japanese Adolescents ◽  
Age Range

Prior work has indicated that female adolescents mature more quickly than males with regard to the various personality dimensions. From the developmental perspectives, this study aimed to explore gender differences in the relationships between resilience and the Big Five personality traits in Japanese adolescents. Middle school students ( N = 310, 155 females, age range = 14–15 years) participated in an online survey. The results demonstrated that females had higher Conscientiousness than males. Stepwise regression analyses indicated that Neuroticism was the most influential predictor of resilience in females, whereas Extraversion was the most important predictor in males. Multigroup path analysis demonstrated that the effect of Neuroticism on resilience was greater for females; however, the effects of all other variables did not differ across genders. Considering gender differences is important to understand the relationship between resilience and the Big Five dimensions among adolescents.

Personality and Ideology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Osborne ◽  
Nicole Satherley ◽  
Chris G. Sibley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Personality Trait ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Vast Literature ◽  
Political Conservatism ◽  
The Relationship

Research since the 1990s reveals that openness to experience—a personality trait that captures interest in novelty, creativity, unconventionalism, and open-mindedness—correlates negatively with political conservatism. This chapter summarizes this vast literature by meta-analyzing 232 unique samples (N = 575,691) that examine the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and conservatism. The results reveal that the negative relationship between openness to experience and conservatism (r = −.145) is nearly twice as big as the next strongest correlation between personality and ideology (namely, conscientiousness and conservatism; r = .076). The associations between personality traits and conservatism were, however, substantively larger in Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) countries than in non-WEIRD countries. The chapter concludes by reviewing recent longitudinal work demonstrating that openness to experience and conservatism are non-causally related. Collectively, the chapter shows that openness to experience is by far the strongest (negative) correlate of conservatism but that there is little evidence that this association is causal.

scholarly journals To Fear or Fly to the Unknown: Tolerance for Ambiguity and Big Five Personality Traits

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley Jach ◽  
Luke Smillie
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Aesthetic Appreciation ◽  
Ambiguity Tolerance ◽  
Intellectual Curiosity ◽  
Behavioral Choice ◽  
Tolerance For Ambiguity

The present study investigated whether ambiguity tolerance relates to personality traits that are theoretically grounded in fear (neuroticism) or attraction (openness to experience; extraversion) for the unknown. Our hypotheses were supported for self-report measures (and openness to experience predicted ambiguity tolerance controlling for intelligence), but behavioral choice measures of ambiguity tolerance demonstrated poor reliability and were unrelated to self-reported ambiguity tolerance and basic personality traits. An exploratory network analysis revealed that ambiguity tolerance was more strongly related to the intellectual curiosity (vs. aesthetic appreciation) facet of openness to experience, and the assertiveness (vs. energy or sociability) facet of extraversion. Our findings reinforce the fragmented literature in this area, and support predictions derived from psychological entropy theories of personality.

scholarly journals When Posting Is Believing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Winter ◽  
Paola Remmelswaal ◽  
Anne Vos
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
New Media ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Majority Opinion ◽  
Negative Comments ◽  
Large Audience ◽  
The Media ◽  
Identity Shifts

Abstract. Social network sites (SNS) facilitate the expression of users’ opinions to a large audience. This research aimed to investigate whether the characteristics of this new media context strengthen the adaptation of opinions to the majority and lead to an internalization of the expressed views. Based on literature on public self-presentation and identity shifts, it was assumed that the publicness of and the identifiability within SNS elicit stronger expression effects than online forums or non-public settings. A between-subjects experiment ( N = 302) varied the visible majority opinion on a news issue as well as the media context in which participants were asked to write down their opinion. Results showed significant adaptation effects to the majority (positive vs. negative comments) across media contexts. The internalization of attitudes was stronger in SNS groups with a more relevant audience but also occurred in other settings. Consequences for the formation of public opinion are discussed.

Big Five personality traits and green consumption: bridging the attitude-intention-behavior gap

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Doanh Duong
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Green Products ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Green Consumption

PurposeThis study examines the roles of Big Five personality traits, including conscientiousness, agreeableness, extraversion, neuroticism and openness to experience, in shaping green consumption behavior, as well as bridging the attitude-intention-behavior gap in environmentally friendly consumption and testing the gender differences between these associations.Design/methodology/approachA dataset of 611 consumers was collected by means of mall-intercept surveys in major Vietnamese cities. Structural equation modeling (SEM) via AMOS 24.0 was employed to test the proposed conceptual framework and hypotheses, while the PROCESS approach was utilized to estimate mediation standardized regression coefficients.FindingsThe study revealed that in addition to extraversion, other personality traits (agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience and neuroticism) were strongly associated with green consumption. Moreover, attitude towards green products and intention to buy environmentally friendly products were determined to have key roles in explaining consumers' pro-environmental behavior. There was also a notable difference in the impact of personality traits on men's and women's green consumption.Practical implicationsThis study provides useful recommendations for administrational practices seeking to understand consumer behavior, build appropriate marketing and communication campaigns and attract customers to buy environmentally friendly products.Originality/valueThis study makes efforts to resolve the attitude-intention-behavior gap, a recurring theme in the green consumption literature, as well as illustrates the significance of Big Five personality traits in explaining attitude, intention and behavior when purchasing green products. This research also demonstrates that Big Five personality traits have significantly different effects on green consumption attitudes and intention to carry out pro-behavioral consumption.

Gender Differences in the Technology’s Classic Models in Social Network Sites

2014 ◽  
pp. 126-142
Author(s):  
Begoña Peral-Peral ◽  
Ángel F. Villarejo-Ramos ◽  
Manuel J. Sánchez-Franco
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Acceptance Model

Social Network Sites (SNS) have very rapidly become part of the daily reality of Internet users in recent years. Firms also use social networks as a two-way communication with their current and potential customers. This exploratory work means to analyze if Internet users’ gender influences the behavior of using social networks. There is a reason for this. Despite Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) acceptance and use being more frequent in men, according to the previous literature, in line with different surveys on the subject, social networks are more used by women. The authors, therefore, analyze in this chapter if there are gender differences in the constructs of technology’s classic models, such as the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) and the TPB (Theory of Planned Behavior). They use a sample of 1,460 university students.

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