scholarly journals Peningkatan Produksi Biogas dari Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) dengan Fluidisasi Media Zeolit Termodifikasi pada Sistem Batch

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Firda Mahira Alfiata Chusna ◽  
Melly Mellyanawaty ◽  
Estin Nofiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

The production of crude palm oil (CPO) in Indonesia tends to increase over time. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is the wastewater generated from the palm oil mill process with high organic content. POME is a potential source for anaerobic digestion due to its high organic content. The challenge of POME treatment using an anaerobic process is to enhance biogas production with high soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removal efficiency. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of selected trace elements addition onto zeolite as immobilization media to the anaerobic digestion of POME in a fluidized batch system. Natural zeolite was used as the medium to immobilize microorganisms in an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR). This study used three trace elements impregnated to natural zeolites, i.e. Ni2+, Zn2+, Mg2+. The result shows that Ni2+ and Zn2+ improve the methanogenesis process, prevent the accumulation of VFA as an intermediate product and increase the methane (biogas) production. Meanwhile, Mg2+ only reduced sCOD significantly but it did not affect methane production. Fluidization enhanced the performance of the POME anaerobic digestion process. The fluidization provide a positive effect to enhance biogas production and sCOD removal. The efficiency of sCOD removal in the entire reactors were 80.82%; 81.77%; 75.89% for AFBR-Ni; AFBR-Zn and AFBR-control respectively. The total volume of methane produced by the three AFBR were 163,04; 136,42; 62,79 (in ml CH4 / g sCOD) for AFBR-Ni; AFBR-Zn and AFBR-control, respectively. A B S T R A KProduksi crude palm oil (CPO) di Indonesia cenderung meningkat seiring bertambahnya waktu. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) adalah air limbah yang dihasilkan dari proses penggilingan kelapa sawit dengan kandungan organik yang tinggi. Tantangan dalam mengolah POME menggunakan proses peruraian anaerobik adalah untuk meningkatkan produksi biogas dengan efisiensi penurunan soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) yang tinggi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan trace element terseleksi pada media imobilisasi zeolit terhadap proses peruraian anaerobik limbah POME dengan sistem batch terfluidisasi. Zeolit alam berperan sebagai media imobilisasi mikroorganisme dalam anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR). Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga trace element yang diimpregnasikan pada zeolit alam yaitu Ni2+, Zn2+, Mg2+. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ni2+ dan Zn2+ sebagai trace element dapat meningkatkan proses metanogenesis dan mencegah akumulasi VFA sebagai produk antara serta meningkatkan produksi gas metana (biogas). Mg2+ sebagai trace element menurunkan sCOD dengan cukup signifikan namun tidak diimbangi dengan banyaknya metana yang dihasilkan. Fluidisasi meningkatkan performa dari proses peruraian anaerobik POME. Proses fluidisasi memberi pengaruh positif dalam meningkatkan produksi biogas dan soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) removal. Nilai sCOD removal yaitu 80,82%; 81,77%; 75,89% berturut-turut untuk AFBR-Ni; AFBR-Zn dan AFBR-kontrol. Total volume metana yang dihasilkan oleh ketiga AFBR yaitu 163,04; 136,42; 62,79 (dalam ml CH4 / g sCOD) berturut-turut untuk AFBR-Ni; AFBR-Zn dan AFBR-kontrol.

scholarly journals Investigation of Temperature Effect on Start-Up Operation from Anaerobic Digestion of Acidified Palm Oil Mill Effluent

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Fikri Hamzah ◽  
Jamaliah Md Jahim ◽  
Peer Mohamed Abdul ◽  
Ahmad Jaril Asis
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Mesophilic Temperature

Malaysia is one of the largest palm oil producers worldwide and its most abundant waste, palm oil mill effluent (POME), can be used as a feedstock to produce methane. Anaerobic digestion is ideal for treating POME in methane production due to its tolerance to high-strength chemical oxygen demand (COD). In this work, we compared the culture conditions during the start-up of anaerobic digestion of acidified POME between thermophilic (55 °C) and mesophilic (37 °C) temperatures. The pH of the digester was maintained throughout the experiment at 7.30 ± 0.2 in a working volume of 1000 mL. This study revealed that the thermophilic temperature stabilized faster on the 44th day compared to the 52nd day for the mesophilic temperature. Furthermore, the thermophilic temperature indicated higher biogas production at 0.60 L- CH 4 /L·d compared to the mesophilic temperature at 0.26 L- CH 4 /L·d. Results from this study were consistent with the COD removal of thermophilic temperature which was also higher than the mesophilic temperature.

scholarly journals Proses Peruraian Anaerobik Palm Oil Mill Effluent dengan Media Zeolit Termodifikasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Melly Mellyanawaty ◽  
Firda Mahira Alfiata Chusna ◽  
Estin Nofiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Modified Zeolite ◽  
The Media ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

A B S T R A C TThis work evaluated the effect of modified zeolite as microbial immobilization medium in anaerobic digestion of palm oil mill effluent (POME). The affinity of microorganisms to attach and grow on the media surface could be increased by the addition of micro-nutrient into the media. The effect of micro-nutrient addition was studied in 1000 mL Erlenmeyer flask as batch reactors. Experiments were conducted for 30 days. The concentration of soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) in substrate was 8000 mg/L. Zeolite was impregnated with nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) at individual concentration of 2.7x10-3 mg Ni/g zeolite and 3.5x10‑3 mg Zn/g zeolite. The influence of each modified zeolite was determined by periodic measurement of sCOD, volatile fatty acid (VFA), pH, and biogas production. Cumulative biogas productions in this study were 252.44; 172.13; 57.70 ml from Ni-modified, Zn-modified and natural zeolites, respectively. The highest sCOD removal was obtained in reactor with Zn-modified zeolite with 38.22% removal, followed by 33.96% with Ni-modified zeolite, and 27.87% removal with natural zeolite.Keywords: anaerobic digestion; biogas; methane; palm oil mill effluent; zeoliteA B S T R A KPenelitian ini mengevaluasi pengaruh zeolit yang dimodifikasi sebagai media imobilisasi mikroorganisme pada proses anaerobik limbah palm oil mill effluent (POME). Afinitas mikroorganisme untuk melekat dan tumbuh di permukaan dapat meningkat dengan impregnasi mikronutrien pada media. Efek penambahan mikronutrien dipelajari dengan labu Erlenmeyer 1000 mL sebagai reaktor batch. Experimen dijalankan selama 30 hari. Konsentrasi soluble chemical oxygen demand (sCOD) substrat yang digunakan adalah 8000 mg/L. Zeolit terimpregnasi Ni dan Zn yang digunakan memiliki kadar 2,7 x10-3 mg Ni/g zeolit dan 3,5x10-3 mg Zn/g zeolit. Pengaruh setiap zeolit yang dimodifikasi dievaluasi dengan mengukur konsentrasi sCOD, volatile fatty acid (VFA), pH, dan produksi biogas secara periodik. Akumulasi biogas penelitian ini sebesar 252,44; 172,13; 57,70 ml berturut-turut untuk zeolit modifikasi Ni, zeolit modifikasi Zn dan zeolit alam. Penurunan sCOD terbaik dihasilkan oleh zeolit termodifikasi Zn dengan nilai 38,22%, selanjutnya diikuti oleh zeolit termodifikasi Ni dan zeolit alam dengan nilai 33,96% dan 27,87%.Kata kunci: anaerobic digestion; biogas; metana; palm oil mill effluent; zeolit

scholarly journals Enhancement of Biodegradation of Palm Oil Mill Effluents by local Isolated Fungi

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
F T Z Jabeen ◽  
J V Shreevathsa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Physicochemical Quality ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Better Than

This study was designed to investigate the fungi associated with palm oil mill effluent (POME) in Gulur village of Tumkur. Biodegradation of palm oil mill effluents was conducted to measure the discarded POME based on physicochemical quality. The fungi that were isolated are Aspergillusniger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. ochraceus, Rhizopussp, Peniciliumsp and Trichodermavirde. The autoclaved and unautoclaved raw POME samples were incubated for 7 days and the activities of the fungi were observed each for 12 hours. The supernatants of the digested POME were investigated for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), color (ADMI), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) at the end of each digestion cycle. The results showed that the unautoclaved raw POME sample degraded better than the inoculated POME sample and this suggests that the microorganisms that are indigenous in the POME are more effective than the introduced micro-organisms. This result, however, indicates the prospect of isolating indigenous microorganisms in the POME for effective biodegradation of POME. Moreover, the effective treatment of POME yields useful products such as reduction of BOD, COD, and color.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI LIMBAH PALM OIL MILL EFFLUENT (POME) MENGGUNAKAN BIOSENSOR BERBASIS ALGA

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dina Maryani ◽  
Lazuardi Umar
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Biochemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) merupakan limbah minyak kelapa sawit yang memiliki kadar Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) dan Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) yang tinggi dan sehingga merusak ekosistem periairan serta menurunkan kadar oksigen terlarut (DO). Namun, POME memiliki nutrisi untuk sel alga dalam memproduksi oksigen. Berdasarkan hal tersebut diperlukan identifikasi POME yang jatuh kebadan air berdasarkan fotosintesis Chlorella sp. menggunakan biosensor. Biosensor telah banyak dikembangkan dalam aplikasi bidang lingkungan dengan melihat kadar oksigen terlarut sebagai kualitas perairan. Penelitian ini menggunakan biosensor dengan prinsip sensor amperometris  tipe Biochip-G. Sensor amperometris mengukur perubahan arus dari reaksi reduksi dan oksidasi dan menghasilkan potensial keluaran yang terukur. Potensial keluaran yang terukur merupakan kadar oksigen terlarut dari penambahan POME terhadap Chlorella sp. ketika proses fotosintesis terjadi. Identifikasi POME berdasarkan proses fotosintesis Chlorella sp. menggunakan cahaya artifisial LED Putih 380 nm-780 nm dengan tingkat variasi konsentrasi POME sebanyak 10%, 20%, dan 30%. Berdasarkan pengukuran kadar oksigen terlarut (DO) menghasilkan nilai DO sebesar 174.15%, 154.66%, dan 138.98% serta nilai sensitivitas sebesar 4mV/%POME.  

scholarly journals Performance of Anaerobic Digestion of Acidified Palm Oil Mill Effluent under Various Organic Loading Rates and Temperatures

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2432
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Fikri Hamzah ◽  
Peer Mohamed Abdul ◽  
Safa Senan Mahmod ◽  
Azratul Madihah Azahar ◽  
Jamaliah Md. Jahim
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

This study compared the performance of thermophilic and mesophilic digesters of an anaerobic digestion system from palm oil mill effluent (POME), in which temperature is a key parameter that can greatly affect the performance of anaerobic digestion. The digesters were incubated at two distinct temperatures of 55 and 37 °C, and operated with varying organic loading rates (OLRs) of 2.4, 3.2, and 4.0 g COD/L.d by altering the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of acidified POME during feeding. The results indicated that the performance of anaerobic digestion increased as the OLR increased from 2.4 to 4.0 g COD/L.d. At the OLR of 4.0 g COD/L.d, the thermophilic condition showed the highest methane yield of 0.31 ± 0.01 L/g COD, accompanied by the highest COD removal and volatile solid reduction, which were found to be higher than the mesophilic condition. Microbial community analysis via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) revealed that Methanothermobacter sp. emerges as the dominant microbe, which is known to utilize the carbon dioxide pathway with hydrogen acting as an electron donor for methane formation

scholarly journals Pengembangan Potensi Energi Alternatif Dengan Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Sumber Energi Baru Terbarukan Di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulian Mara Alkusma ◽  
Hermawan Hermawan ◽  
H Hadiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

ABSTRAKEnergi  memiliki  peranan penting dalam proses pembangunan yang pada akhirnya untuk mencapai tujuan sosial,  ekonomi  dan  lingkungan  untuk  serta  merupakan  pendukung bagi kegiatan  ekonomi  nasional. Sumber energi terbarukan yang berasal dari pemanfaatan biogas limbah cair kelapa sawit dapat menghasilkan energi listrik yang saat ini banyak bergantung pada generator diesel dengan biaya yang mahal.Limbah cair kelapa sawit (Palm Oil Mill Effluent atau POME) adalah limbah cair yang berminyak dan tidak beracun, berasal dari proses pengolahan minyak kelapa sawit, namun limbah cair tersebut dapat menyebabkan bencana lingkungan apabila tidak dimanfaatkan dan dibuang di kolam terbuka karena akan melepaskan sejumlah besar gas metana dan gas berbahaya lainnya ke udara yang menyebabkan terjadinya emisi gas rumah kaca. Tingginya kandungan Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) sebesar 50.000-70.000 mg/l dalam limbah cair kelapa sawit memberikan potensi untuk dapat di konversi menjadi listrik dengan menangkap biogas (gas metana) yang dihasilkan melalui serangkaian tahapan proses pemurnian. Di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur terdapat 36 Pabrik Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit yang total kapasitas pabriknya adalah sebesar 2.115 TBS/jam, menghasilkan limbah cair sebesar 1.269 ton limbah cari/jam dan mampu menghasilkan 42.300 m3 biogas.Kata kunci:  Renewable Energy, Plam Oil Mill Effluent, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biogass, Methane. ABSTRACTEnergy has an important role in the development process and ultimately to achieve the objectives of social, economic and environment for as well as an environmental support for national economic activity. Renewable energy source derived from wastewater biogas utilization of oil palm can produce electrical energy which is currently heavily dependent on diesel generators at a cost that mahal.Limbah liquid palm oil (Palm Oil Mill Effluent, or POME) is the wastewater that is greasy and non-toxic, derived from the processing of palm oil, but the liquid waste could cause environmental disaster if not used and disposed of in open ponds because it will release large amounts of methane and other harmful gases into the air that cause greenhouse gas emissions. The high content of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of 50000-70000 mg / l in the liquid waste palm oil provides the potential to be converted into electricity by capturing the biogas (methane gas) produced through a series of stages of the purification process. In East Kotawaringin there are 36 palm oil processing factory that total factory capacity is of 2,115 TBS / hour, producing 1,269 tons of liquid waste wastewater / h and is capable of producing 42,300 m3 of biogas.Keywords:  Renewable Energy, Plam Oil Mill Effluent, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biogass, MethaneCara sitasi: Alkusma, Y.M., Hermawan, dan Hadiyanto. (2016). Pengembangan Potensi Energi Alternatif dengan Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Kelapa Sawit sebagai Sumber Energi Baru Terbarukan di Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan,14(2),96-102, doi:10.14710/jil.14.2.96-102

scholarly journals POTENSI PEMANF AA T AN BIOHIDROGEN DAN BIOMET ANADARI POME UNTUK KETENAGALISTRIKAN P ADA ANALISIS PROTOTIPE 3 BIOHYTHANE KAP ASIT AS 1 M /HARI

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prima Zuldian
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Perkembangan energi terbarukan berbasis biomassa semakin dibutuhkan mengingat melimpahnya komoditas biomassa di Indonesia khususnya kelapa sawit serta makin menurunnya cadangan sumberdaya berbasis fosil. Komoditas sawit menjadi salah satu produk perkebunan utama nasional dan menjadi produksi terbesar didunia hingga saat ini yang dimanfaatkan sebagian besar untuk kebutuhan pangan serta sejumlah kecil energi (Biodiesel). Proses ekstraksi T andan Buah Segar (TBS) kelapa sawit tersebut menghasilkan Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) dengan Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD) yang tinggi (35.000 ppm). Melalui fermentasi POME dua tahap dalam prototipe sistem 3biohytane berkapasitas 1 m berpotensi menghasilkan listrik dari biohidrogen dan biometana sebesar 5,691 kWe. Ditinjau dari sisi keekonomian, dengan investasi (CAPEX) sebesar US$ 27.559 dan biaya operasional (OPEX) sebesar US$ 1 1.263/tahun akan diperoleh Biaya Pokok Produksi (BPP) sebesar US$ 0,323/kWh, Power Purchase Agreement (PP A) sebesar US$ 0,503/kWh dan tarif penjualan listrik US$ 0,508/kWh. Perbandingan BPP dengan jenis pembangkit lain menunjukkan bahwa BPP yang dihasilkan dari prototipe sistem biohythane cukup kompetitif untuk mensubsitusi pemakaian minyak solar pada PL TD yang saat ini memiliki nilai BPP lebih tinggi. Kata kunci : kelapa sawit, POME, biohythane

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