scholarly journals IN VITRO MICROBIAL TIME-KILLING CURVE FOR NEWLY SYNTHESIZED AMINOACETYLENIC-2-MERCAPTOBENZOTHIAZOLE COMPOUND

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Aseel Alsarahni ◽  
Zuhair Muhi Eldeen ◽  
Elham Al-kaissi ◽  
Hiba Al-malliti
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Broth Dilution

Objective: To determine the time needed for killing different types of microorganisms by a newly synthesized 2-mercapto-1,3-benzothiazole derivative in comparison to ciprofloxacin and fluconazole.Methods: The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) for 2-{[4-(2,6-dimethylPiperidin-1-yl)but-2-yn-1-yl]Sulfanyl}-1,3-benzothiazole(AZ3) compound were determined, using the broth dilution method. The MBC and MFC dilutions were prepared. Broth cultures of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) were incubated at 37 °C for 24 h, and Candida albicans (C. albicans) was incubated at 25 °C for 48 h. 0.1 ml of each broth culture represent 1.5 x 106 CFU/ml was challenged with 9.9 ml broth containing the MBC or MFC concentrations of the AZ3 compound. From each sample at different time intervals, 1 ml was taken and added to 9 ml of sterile distilled water, in order to neutralize the effect of AZ3. Serial dilution was done and a viable count was determined from the appropriate dilutions.Results: The viability of the P. aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis and C. albicans were killed within 3.5 h, 5 h, 24 h, 3 h and 5 h respectively. The time killing curves showed that AZ3 needed longer time for killing S. aureus than the time needed to kill B. subtilis. On the other hand, AZ3 needed a shorter time to kill P. aeruginosa, than the time needed to kill E. coli. In comparison with ciprofloxacin, AZ3 needed a shorter time to kill P. aeruginosa and E. coli, and the same time to kill B. subtilis, while it needed longer time than ciprofloxacin to kill S. aureus. In comparison with fluconazole, AZ3 with lower MFC than fluconazole needed longer time to kill C. albicans.Conclusion: AZ3 showed promising antimicrobial killing activities, in compared with ciprofloxacin and fluconazole, which promoted our interest to investigate the time of killing needed for other 2-mercaptobenzothiazole derivatives against different types of microorganisms.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL RESISTANCE OF BIOFILM FORMS OF AVIAN SALMONELLA GALLINARUM TO FLUOROQUINOLONES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Kamashi ◽  
Mr. Honnegowda ◽  
Mayanna Asha ◽  
Chandrakala Ms.
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Antibacterial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Broth Dilution

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern worldwide. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics for a period of time has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria. The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of fluoroquinolone drugs, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, moxifloxacin, sparfloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin and ofloxacin against avian Salmonella gallinarum bacterial biofilms. The study parameters, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and biofilm elimination concentration (BEC) were determined on days 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 and 20 post inoculation for the planktonic (free) and biofilm cells of S. gallinarum by macro broth dilution method. The MIC and MBC values determined on days 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 and 20 for each of the fluoroquinolone drugs against the planktonic and biofilm forms of avian S. gallinarum were found to be non-significant. BEC values determined against the biofilm forms of S. gallinarum during the study period were found to be non-significant among the tested fluoroquinolones. The results of the present study demonstrated that fluoroquinolone drugs were effective in vitro against both the planktonic and biofilm forms of avian S. gallinarum.

scholarly journals Isolation and Antimicrobial Activity of β-Sitosterol-3-O-Glucoside from Lannea Kerstingii Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiacea)

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 004-008
Author(s):  
Njinga N. S. ◽  
Sule M. I. ◽  
Pateh U. U. ◽  
Hassan H. S. ◽  
Abdullahi S. T. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
E Coli ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Vacuum Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Broth Dilution ◽  
C Nmr

AbstractThe emergence of more and more drug resistance bacteria has led to the study of the antimicrobial activity of the compound isolated from Lannea kerstingii Engl. & K. Krause (Anacardiacea) since the active principles of many drugs found in plants are secondary metabolites. A compound was isolated using dry vacuum liquid chromatography and eluting with CHCl3 -EtOAc and monitored using TLC. 3 1 13 The glycoside was characterized using 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR spectra recorded in DMSO-d6 at 400 MHz and 125 MHz, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the compound was determined using agar diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal/minimum fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) was determined using broth dilution method. The compound isolated was found to be β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside. The β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside (200μg/ml) was active against S. aureus, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, P. mirabilis, S. typhi, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, B. subtilis with zone of inhibition ranging from 24mm to 34mm and inactive against P. aeroginosa and Proteus vulgaris. It was also active against the fungi C. albicans and C. tropicalis but inactive against C. krusei. The MIC ranged from 25 to 50 μg/ml while the MBC/MFC ranged from 50 to 200 μg/ml. These results show the wide spectrum antimicrobial activity of β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside.

Synthesis, SAR, Molecular Docking and Anti-Microbial Study of Substituted N-bromoamido-2-aminobenzothiazoles

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devidas G. Anuse ◽  
Bapu R. Thorat ◽  
Sudhir Sawant ◽  
Ramesh S. Yamgar ◽  
Hemchandra K. Chaudhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Substituted Anilines ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Broth Dilution ◽  
Microbial Study

Background: Benzothiazoles are reported to have bioorganic and pharmaceutical chemistry applications. Introduction: A series of substituted N-bromoamido-2-aminobenzothiazoles was synthesized from substituted anilines via 2-aminobenzothiazoles and it was further evaluated for its antimicrobial activity. Methods: All the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, NMR and mass spectra and purity profiles were studied by HPLC analysis. The antimicrobial testing (MIC determination) was newly performed with agar micro-broth dilution method for these analogs. Results: Among the synthesized compound 3b showed the highest activity with MIC value of 3.12 μg/mL against Bacillus, E. coli, S. aureus and Klebsiella and 6.25 μg/mL against C. albicans. The ADME properties as calculated by using Qikprop were found within acceptable range. Derivatives shows a good-moderate binding affinity towards target Cytochrome P450 14 alpha-sterol demethylase (CYP51) (PDB ID: 1EA1). Conclusion: Our in-silico and in-vitro studies on a series of substituted aminobenzothiazoles may be helpful for further designing of more potent antimicrobials in future.

scholarly journals A Facile Synthesis and Studies of Some New Chalcones and Their Derivatives Based on Heterocyclic Ring

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1897-1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Solankee ◽  
K. Patel ◽  
R. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Heterocyclic Ring ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Phenyl Hydrazine ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Heterocyclic Aldehydes ◽  
Broth Dilution

Chalcones(6a-f)have been prepared by the condensation of ketone(5)and different aromatic and heterocyclic aldehydes. These chalcones(6a-f)on treatment with guanidine hydrochloride and phenyl hydrazine hydrochloride in presence of alkali give aminopyrimidines(7a-f)and phenylpyrazolines(8a-f)respectively. All the newly synthesized compounds have been characterized on the basis of IR,1HNMR spectral data as well as physical data. Antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentration MIC) against Gram-positiveS. aureusMTCC 96 andS. pyogeneusMTCC 442 and Gram-negativeP. aeruginosaMTCC 1688 andE. coliMTCC 443 bacteria, as well as antifungal acivities (MIC) againstC. albicansMTCC 227,A. nigerMTCC 282 andA. clavatusMTCC 1323 were determined by broth dilution method.

scholarly journals Comparative Time-Dependent Evaluation of Dimensional Accuracy of Dies Using Different Tray Adhesives: An In Vitro Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Ramandeep Kaur ◽  
Manjit Kumar ◽  
Shailesh Jain ◽  
Neha Jindal
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Crosshead Speed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Separation Failure

Abstract Statement of Problem The adhesion of impression material to impression tray is very important. Tray adhesive plays a major role in making accurate impression. Although manufactures recommend the use of particular tray adhesives, comparison of their affective adhesiveness has not been reported. The effect of use of tray adhesives on dimensional accuracy of dies has not been established. Purpose The aim of this study was to compare the dimensional accuracy of dies using different tray adhesives at different time intervals. Materials and Methods First part of study comprised 120 samples in six groups with 20 samples in each group. First group comprised samples with no tray adhesive, and in other five groups, different types of tray adhesives were applied. The dies obtained were evaluated for upper diameter, lower diameter, and occlusogingival height. In the second part, there were a total of 125 samples in five groups with 25 samples in each group. Five different types of tray adhesive were applied for five different time intervals 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 minutes, respectively. The specimens were tested in tensile mode for its debonding force at a crosshead speed of 5 mm/min, until separation failure occurred. Results Significant difference was seen for upper and lower diameters when compared with the group without any tray adhesive. The maximum bond strength was found in the group in which tray adhesive was applied for 20 minutes.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antihelminthic Properties of Ethanolic, Methanolic and Water Extracts of Pollen

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-88
Author(s):  
Anita Rana
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Diffusion Assay ◽  
Broth Dilution

Microorganisms and helminthes can cause serious diseases in humans as well as in animals. The use of antimicrobial and antihelminthic drugs have created selective pressure and caused resistance to antibiotics used against them, thus it necessitates the use of honey bee’s derived natural products. One such bee derived product is pollen, collected by worker honey bees from the flowering plants and modify it by adding its salivary secretions. The present study embodies use of pollen as antimicrobial and antihelminthic substance. Among microorganisms 4 Gram (+ve) bacteria; (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae) and 3 Gram (-ve) bacteria; (Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteric) and 2 yeasts (Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) were used and the methodology used disc diffusion assay and broth dilution method. The antihelminthic effect was observed among amphistomes via bioassay method under in vitro conditions. For observations three types of pollen extracts (ethanolic, methanolic and water extract) were prepared and positive controls used were; Ampicillin for antibacterial, Amphotericin B for antifungal and Albendazole for anti-helminthes. The antimicrobial activities were determined by measuring the zones of inhibition diameters in millimeters after 24 hours of incubation at optimum temperature for each microbe and also by broth dilution method. Results obtained showed that the water extract of pollen was found to be most effective against bacteria used in the present study where; Gram (+ve) bacteria were more susceptible as compared to the Gram (-ve) bacteria. It was also observed that among yeasts; Saccharomyces cerevisiae was more susceptible towards ethanolic extract of pollen while Candida albicans showed more inhibitions towards water extract of pollen. Results also demonstrated that none of the extracts of pollen was found to be effective against Helminthes (amphistomes) used in the present study.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents and bactericidal and fungicide potential of the essential oil of Pimenta dioica Lindl against pathogenic microorganisms

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Gustavo O. Everton ◽  
Ana Patrícia M. Pereira ◽  
Nilton S. C. Mafra ◽  
Paulo S. Santos Júnior ◽  
Thércia G. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Pimenta Dioica ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay ◽  
Broth Dilution ◽  
Potential Use

This study evaluated the chemical profile and antimicrobial activity of essential oil (EO) of P. dioica. The EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation and chemically characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The total phenolics were quantified by the Folin Ciocalteu method. For the antimicrobial assay, the Disc Diffusion and Broth Dilution method were applied to obtain the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration. The main constituent of the EO was eugenol. The EO showed bactericidal activity against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, Salmonella sp., B. cereus, P. mirabilis, K. pneumoniae, S. sonnei, C. albicans, Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp. and Aspergilus sp. The results obtained are encouraged by the potential use of the EO studied in the control and combat of pathogenic microorganisms.

Use of the Direct Viable Count (D.V.C.) For the Assessment of Survival of E. Coli in Marine Environments

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 395-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dupray ◽  
M. Pommepuy ◽  
A. Derrien ◽  
M. P. Caprais ◽  
M. Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Light Stress ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Total Bacteria

The survival of the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli H 10407 was observed in different marine seawaters, both in situ and in vitro by use of dialysis chambers and microcosms, exposed and not exposed to light. Survival was monitored during several days by measurement of plate counts (culturable bacteria), direct viable counts with yeast extract and nalidixic acid (DVC : viable bacteria), and acridine orange direct counts (total bacteria). Without light, culturable E. coli counts decreased slowly (1.5 log unit), whereas viable and total bacteria counts remained almost the same through 8 days. When light stress emphasized the sea-water stress, the difference between culturable and viable counts increased from the very first two days (4 log units). In all the experiments, the number of viable bacteria remained very high. On the other hand, one experiment using dialysis chambers held in a turbid and brackish estuarine water showed no marked decrease in the initial counts. This better survival was probably due to the presence of organic matter. So culturability and viability of E. coli can change according to its environment. And because of the consequences for sanitary monitoring of seawaters, it must be kept in mind that viability of E. coli can be preserved within several days, in drastic conditions.

An Efficient Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of some New Pyrazoline, Pyrimidine and Benzodiazepine Derivatives Bearing 1,3,5-Triazine Core

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjani Solankee ◽  
Riki Tailor
Keyword(s):  
Guanidine Hydrochloride ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
E Coli ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Antimicrobial Evaluation ◽  
Benzodiazepine Derivatives ◽  
Amino Pyrimidine

In our present investigation a new class of diverse sets of acetyl pyrazolines (6a-e), amino pyrimidines (7a-e) and 1,5-benzodiazepines (8a-e) bearing 1,3,5-triazine core were synthesised from chalcones (5a-e). Treatment of chalcone with hydrazine hydrate, guanidine hydrochloride and o-phenylenediamine afforded the corresponding acetyl pyrazoline, amino pyrimidine and 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives respectively. The structures of all the newly synthesised compounds were assigned on the basis of FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectral data as well as elemental analysis. In vitro antimicrobial proficiency of the title compounds were assessed against selected pathogens S. aureus MTCC 96, S. pyogeneus MTCC 442, E. coli MTCC 443 and P. aeruginosa MTCC 1688 bacteria for antibacterial activities as well as antifungal activities against C. albicans MTCC 227, A. niger MTCC 282 and A. clavatus MTCC 1323 were used. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by broth dilution method and recorded at the lowest concentration inhibiting growth of the organism. Among the synthesised compounds 6b, 6c, 7b, 8b, 8d and 8e exhibited excellent antimicrobial activity and said to be the most proficient members of the series.

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