War yesterday and today: The image of Russia in British media discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-745
Author(s):  
Olga A. Solopova ◽  
Svetlana L. Kushneruk
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Research ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Framing Analysis ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Images ◽  
Diachronic Analysis ◽  
Foreign Media ◽  
Media Discourses

The paper focuses on diachronic framing analysis of Russias images in British media discourse. The importance of the research is determined by a need to work out adequate linguistic foundations to counteract information war, generated by some foreign media and aimed at distorting Russias history and eroding its spiritual values. Few scholars have drawn on any systematic research into analysis of Russias images in foreign media discourses of different historical spans. The major objective is to compare Russias images and their emotional charge in the British media in chronologically divided periods of war and peace under the influence of changing historical and ideological factors. The authors account for the mechanisms by which Russias images are framed and transformed in the contexts of the largest war of the XX century and the information war of the XXI century. The material comprises 500 samples per period. The data covering two historical spans are investigated through a framing approach. The criteria for diachronic analysis are dominant diagnostic and prognostic frames, constituting the macroframe WAR. The significant difference in Russias images in war- and peacetime consists in their emotive load: Russias contemporary negative images are contrasted to positive images activated in the retrospective period. The findings support the idea that British media discourse focusing on Russia is subject-centered: Russias image is determined by the geopolitical situation, Great Britains political priorities and objectives, and the bilateral relationship between the countries. The results can be used to further develop the linguistic basics of war theory.

scholarly journals Religion as Source Domain of Metaphors in World War II Media Discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-167
Author(s):  
O. A. Solopova ◽  
N. N. Koshkarova
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
English Language ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
World War ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Media Discourses

The article studies the English-language media discourses of the World War II period from a retrospective point of view. The aim is to identify the patterns of modeling the images of war and peace in British, American and Australian media discourses. The definition of military media discourse as an institutional form of communication is proposed, its essential characteristics are highlighted. The source of the material was the authoritative digitized archives of the UK, the USA and Australia. The material was extracted using corpus linguistics tools. The qualitative analysis was carried out within the framework of the cognitive-discourse methodology using the method of metaphorical modeling. The object of the research is the dominant metaphor used when representing the images of war and peace in the three discourses. The authors show common and specific features of the use of the religious metaphor, conditioned by cultural and extra-linguistic factors, and conclude that the religious metaphor places war and peace at different poles of the scale of values and actualizes the binary axiological opposition “good — evil”, “light — darkness”.

scholarly journals Distinctive features of motherhood discourse in Russian media

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-231
Author(s):  
Anna A. Kuvychko
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
Media Texts ◽  
Political Media ◽  
Media Discourses

This study of modern media devoted to the problems of motherhood discourse is significant and relevant due to both the axiological nature of motherhood phenomenon and socio-cultural features of the existing (present day) media space. Problems of motherhood are of enduring importance. The variety of issues concerning motherhood raised in modern media indicate the relevance and importance of all manifestations of this phenomenon for contemporary society. The purpose of the present study is to identify and reveal the features of media discourse of motherhood in socio-political media (which is a product of cognitive activity of modern Russian society) through the category of interdiscursivity. The material for this research was obtained from media texts of Internet versions of Russian socio-political media Arguments and Facts, Izvestia, Rossiyskaya Gazeta, Moskovsky Komsomolets, and Kommersant, published from 2001 to 2019. The research methodology includes content analysis of online publications, classification and systematization of the research material: media texts, media text studies and description of media discourse on motherhood in the form of a cognitive structure (concept sphere). The present study is the first attempt to interpret maternal media discourse through the category of interdiscursiveness, a fusion of various discourses. The author presents media discourse on motherhood in contemporary Russian socio-political media as a combination of institutional media discourses (political, economic, legal, medical, and religious), each manifesting its own aims and using own linguistic means of presenting information. This approach to describing media discourse emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of the study and indicates the relevance of its results for various fields of scientific knowledge, primarily journalism and cognitive linguistics.

A contrastive corpus-based analysis of the frequency of discourse markers in NE and NNE media discourse: Implications for a “universal discourse competence”

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Vaez Dalili ◽  
Hossein Vahid Dastjerdi
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Markers ◽  
Contrastive Rhetoric ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Written Discourse ◽  
Political News ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
News Discourse ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Contrastive Discourse Markers ◽  
Discourse Competence

AbstractThis article examines whether there are differences in the frequency of discourse markers (DMs) between Native English (NE) and Non-native English (NNE) corpora of political media discourse. Based on the grammatical-pragmatic perspective of discourse markers (Fraser, 2004), the discourse markers identified in the corpora were divided into four semantic categories: contrastive discourse markers (CDM), elaborative discourse markers (EDM), implicative discourse markers (IDM) and temporal discourse markers (TDM). The results revealed that: (i) in both corpora, implicative discourse markers (IDMs) and elaborative discourse markers (EDMs) have the lowest and highest frequency counts respectively, (ii) there are significant differences across the four types of discourse markers in both corpora, (iii) there is no significant difference in the aggregated frequency of discourse markers across NE and NNE political news discourse, and (iv) there are no relative NE/NNE frequency differences within each category of discourse markers. The findings point to the need for revisiting Kaplan's contrastive rhetoric, and provide evidence for the plausibility of a “ universal discourse competence” in advanced NNE written discourse.

scholarly journals Conversations and Medical News Frames on Twitter: Infodemiological Study on COVID-19 in South Korea

10.2196/18897 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. e18897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Woo Park ◽  
Sejung Park ◽  
Miyoung Chong
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
News Frames ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Significant Difference

Background SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2) was spreading rapidly in South Korea at the end of February 2020 following its initial outbreak in China, making Korea the new center of global attention. The role of social media amid the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has often been criticized, but little systematic research has been conducted on this issue. Social media functions as a convenient source of information in pandemic situations. Objective Few infodemiology studies have applied network analysis in conjunction with content analysis. This study investigates information transmission networks and news-sharing behaviors regarding COVID-19 on Twitter in Korea. The real time aggregation of social media data can serve as a starting point for designing strategic messages for health campaigns and establishing an effective communication system during this outbreak. Methods Korean COVID-19-related Twitter data were collected on February 29, 2020. Our final sample comprised of 43,832 users and 78,233 relationships on Twitter. We generated four networks in terms of key issues regarding COVID-19 in Korea. This study comparatively investigates how COVID-19-related issues have circulated on Twitter through network analysis. Next, we classified top news channels shared via tweets. Lastly, we conducted a content analysis of news frames used in the top-shared sources. Results The network analysis suggests that the spread of information was faster in the Coronavirus network than in the other networks (Corona19, Shincheon, and Daegu). People who used the word “Coronavirus” communicated more frequently with each other. The spread of information was faster, and the diameter value was lower than for those who used other terms. Many of the news items highlighted the positive roles being played by individuals and groups, directing readers’ attention to the crisis. Ethical issues such as deviant behavior among the population and an entertainment frame highlighting celebrity donations also emerged often. There was a significant difference in the use of nonportal (n=14) and portal news (n=26) sites between the four network types. The news frames used in the top sources were similar across the networks (P=.89, 95% CI 0.004-0.006). Tweets containing medically framed news articles (mean 7.571, SD 1.988) were found to be more popular than tweets that included news articles adopting nonmedical frames (mean 5.060, SD 2.904; N=40, P=.03, 95% CI 0.169-4.852). Conclusions Most of the popular news on Twitter had nonmedical frames. Nevertheless, the spillover effect of the news articles that delivered medical information about COVID-19 was greater than that of news with nonmedical frames. Social media network analytics cannot replace the work of public health officials; however, monitoring public conversations and media news that propagates rapidly can assist public health professionals in their complex and fast-paced decision-making processes.

scholarly journals LINGUISTIC REPRESENTATION OF THE ‘SCIENTIST’S SPIRIT’ IMAGE IN CHINESE AND RUSSIAN MEDIA DISCOURSES (EXAMPLIFIED BY NEWS ARTICLES)

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
V.G. Morgun
Keyword(s):  
Media Discourse ◽  
Chinese Media ◽  
Linguistic Representation ◽  
Modern Media ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
Media Discourses ◽  
Text Formation ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Linguistic Means ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article provides a comprehensive study of the mechanism of functioning of language tools in the process of text formation, and presents the results of studying the image of the ‘scientist’s spirit’ in modern media discourse on the example of Chinese and Russian news articles. The analysis of empirical material has shown that when representing the spirit of a scientist, general (epithet, metaphor, hyperbole/litotes, lexical repetition, syntactic parallelism, gradation, homogeneous parts of the sentence, parenthetic constructions) and particular for Chinese media discourse (comparison, inversion, parcellation, question-and-answer form of presentation) linguistic means prevail.

scholarly journals Semantic propositions of nominalisations as grammatical metaphor in English and Vietnamese media discourse

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-116
Author(s):  
Le Thi Giao Chi Le
Keyword(s):  
Media Discourse ◽  
Semantic Representations ◽  
Functional Grammar ◽  
Systemic Functional Grammar ◽  
Grammatical Metaphor ◽  
The Media ◽  
Scientific Discourses ◽  
Media Discourses ◽  
Form Of Expression

In the domain of Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG), the term ‘grammatical metaphor’ as coined by Michael Halliday (2004) refers to variation in the expression of meaning, which aims to transform the functions of grammatical elements that constitute meaning [1]. Grammatical metaphor (GM), also seen as an incongruent form of expression, has become a predominant feature of official or scientific discourses. However, these non-congruent metaphorical modes of expression or nominalisations have been increasingly used in other discourses, either in descriptive or media discourses. This article attempts to find out the semantic configurations of nominalisations as grammatical metaphor in English and Vietnamese media discourse. Based on the framework introduced by Halliday [1] and the categorisation of nominalized constructions suggested by Sušinskienė [2], it characterizes the semantic propositions of nominalisations as grammatical metaphor and compare the semantic representations of these constructions in the media discourse between English and Vietnamese.

scholarly journals Diskurse von Geopolitik und ‚Neuem Kaltem Krieg‘ – Zur Veränderung medialer Repräsentationen von Russland und ‚dem Osten‘

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Christoph Creutziger ◽  
Paul Reuber
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
The West ◽  
Media Discourses ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Geopolitical Imaginations ◽  
East West ◽  
Western Media

Abstract. Thirty years after the Cold War, many aspects of the West's self-identification are still shaped by othering ‚the East‘. This geographical identity-building in Western media discourses is indicated by terms like geopolitics and the (New/Second) Cold War. The paper scrutinizes ‚grand‘ narratives behind the appearances of such concepts and observes their continuities, dislocations, and disruptions. Taking a critical geopolitical perspective informed by discourse theory and based on Foucault's conceptualization of the archive, the paper introduces aspects of the transformation of geopolitical imaginations of the East and the West: (1) it reconstructs phases of the rebirth of geopolitics after WW2 until today. (2) It focuses on the changes in the East-West relations after 1990 and shows how the imagination of the ‚cold war‘ disappears from media discourse. (3) Finally, it analyses the revival through rising geopolitical risk-narratives since the crises and wars in Georgia and Ukraine.

The Role of Media Influence in Shaping Public Energy Dialogues

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Sphere ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Hegemonic Discourse ◽  
Media Communication ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Policy Analysis ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Media Discourses

The objective of this chapter is to provide an overview of the main mechanisms and processes observed in media discourses with the potential to shape political and economic responses to energy issues. By adopting the discursive approach to public policy analysis, the author attempts to answer these questions: How is energy is discussed? What is said and what is not said? Who speaks and who is absent in media discourse? The focus is on the problems of media communication that are crucial for public dialogue on energy. In conclusion, it is argued that the energy discourse in mass media is a post-hegemonic discourse, while the counter-discourses try to find their place in other dimensions of the public sphere, such as nonfiction literature or social media, and therefore their visibility is limited.

Comparison of Northern Irish Children’s Attitudes to War and Peace Before and After the Paramilitary Ceasefires

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 715-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances McLernon ◽  
Neil Ferguson ◽  
Ed Cairns
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Young People ◽  
General View ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Northern Irish ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
National Leaders

This study compares the attitudes of young people in Northern Ireland to conflict and conflict resolution, before and after the 1994 ceasefire announcements. Content analysis on the responses of 117 adolescents aged 14-15 years showed differences in their attitudes to war and peace and in their strategies to attain peace. Concepts of war as static and unchanging showed a significant difference after the ceasefire. In addition, the perception of war as a struggle between national leaders before the ceasefire shifted significantly to a more general view of war in terms of war activities and their negative consequences. Perceptions of peace as “active” showed a marked swing after the ceasefire to a more abstract view of peace as freedom, justice, and liberty after the ceasefire. Before the ceasefire, adolescents were reluctant to provide strategies to attain peace, but after the ceasefire, strategies were suggested with more confidence. Results also indicated that adolescents prefer an alternative to violence in the resolution of conflict. Although the proportion of adolescents who said the country was at peace did not change significantly after the ceasefire, the percentage who expressed ambivalent feelings about the status of Northern Ireland in terms of peace increased significantly. This suggests that, at the time of this study, many young people had not fully accepted the reality of the peace process.

RATING OF THE VALENCE OF TWENTY NEGATIVES IMAGES FROM IAPS BY A SAMPLE OF MOROCCAN NURSE STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-391
Author(s):  
Lahcen Bandadi ◽  
Nadia Chamkal ◽  
Ahmed O. T. Ahami
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Stimulus ◽  
Negative Aspect ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Negative Valence ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Images ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Nurse Students

This study aims to rate twenty negative images from IAPS among a sample nurse students. We compare the mean valences between males and females and between participants from the final semester and participants from the first semester. The comparison of the mean valences values between the current study and the norm mean valence values from IAPS was established. null We tested 100 students from Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Technics of Health, Rabat, Morocco, were recruited. The panel valence from SAM was cued to evaluate the perceived pleasure and unpleased degree after exposing the different images from IAPS to the participants. The displeasure degree among nurse students from final semester is lower than that of the first semester with a significant difference in sixteen images. Regarding the difference between males and females, the significant difference was observed only in five images. The all images evaluated by participant were perceived as negative (valence <4). Regarding the comparison of the mean valences values between a the current study and the norm mean valence values from IAPS significant differences were observed. Nurse students from the final semester, compared to the first semester students, perceived the negative images assessed as less unpleasant. However, we noted that the all images have kept the negative aspect. These results show that these images can be used as a negative emotional stimulus among this population.

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