Incidence of surgical site infections and associated risk factors in clean orthopaedic surgeries

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Rohit M. Sane ◽  
Prakash D. Samant
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

scholarly journals Occurrence, associated risk factors, and treatment of surgical site infections in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 205873922096054
Author(s):  
Faiz Ullah Khan ◽  
Yu Fang ◽  
Zakir Khan ◽  
Farman Ullah Khan ◽  
Zafar Iqbal Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Globally, surgical site infections are one of the common infections which lead to a large amount of mortality and morbidity in postsurgical care. The risk for surgical site infection is multidimensional which includes mainly; patient, surgery, and hospital-related factors. This study is aimed to determine the burden of SSIs along with contributed risk factors. A prospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted in one of the largest public-sector hospitals in Pakistan. A total of 412 patients were recruited in the study with full consent and monitored for 30 days after surgery with direct and indirect surveillance. Overall, in seven different surgical procedures the incidence (29.8%) rate of SSI was observed; in appendectomy ( n = 17, 4.1%), exploratory laparotomy ( n = 51, 12.6%), laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( n = 12, 2.90%), mesh repair ( n = 17, 4.01%), thyroidectomy (5, 1.2%), transurethral resection of the prostate ( n = 11, 2.6%), and transurethral resection of the bladder (10, 2.4%). The average SSI rate in every single procedure was about 18 (4.27%) per surgical procedure out of 123 (29.85%) SSI cases. Types of SSI identified were superficial, deep incisional and organ/space ( n = 76, 18.4%, n = 23, 5.5%, and n = 24, 5.7%). Incidence of SSIs during admission, at readmission, and post-surveillance cases were ( n = 50, 12.1%, n = 25, 6.0% and n = 48, 11.6%). Associated risk factors found contributed to the incidence of SSI ( p < 0.05). Pre-operative ( n = 348, 84.5%) and 6 (1.5%) surgical patients did not received the post-operative antibiotics. The P. aeruginosa ( n = 15, 12.1%) and S. aureus (13, 10.5%). Cefoperazone and sulbactam were the most prescribed antibiotics. Associated risk factors and treatment outcomes of surgical patients have a direct association with the incidence of SSI. Hospital-based antimicrobial stewardship, implementation of surgical guidelines, patient care, and education are needed to develop at wards level in hospitals.

scholarly journals A study on comparison of short term three dose antibiotic prophylaxis with conventional prolonged postoperative antibiotic coverage in development of surgical site infections

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2114
Author(s):  
M. V. Saila Suman Konidala ◽  
Padmaja Rani Gopalam ◽  
Jithendra Kandati
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Antibiotic Coverage

Background: Surgical site infections are still an increasing threat to the surgeons despite advances in techniques of surgery, patient care and sterilization practices. Most of the studies state that pre-operative antibiotic prophylaxis is effective in reducing the risk of wound infection in surgical procedures and has been a standard practice followed in many surgeries. Prolonged administration of prophylactic antibiotic has been associated with development of resistant bacterial strains and predisposes the patient in development of wound infection. The aim of the present study is to study the effectiveness of short term antibiotic coverage during decisive period in prevention of post-operative infection in surgical procedures.Methods: A prospective randomized and comparative study was done for one year with 100 cases divided into two groups A and B. Group A received prophylactic Ceftriaxone three doses intravenously, 12 h before surgery 1st dose, 1h before surgery 2nd dose and third 10h after surgery. Group B received Ceftriaxone twice daily for 5 days after surgery. The two groups were compared for development of SSI and associated risk factors.Results: The mean age of the total study group was 37.11± 12.12 years with 60% of males and 40% females. Overall incidence of SSI in study was 24% with Group A 10% and 14% in group B. Anemia, associated drain, increased BMI and undernourishment was associated risk factors and a statistically significant association was found with these risk factors in present study. Pseudomonas and Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus were the isolates in the study.Conclusions: Present study strongly recommends the use of antibiotics during surgery than administration after surgery. More care and proper management of the cases are required with associated risk factors like increased BMI, presence of drain and low Hb%. Large multicentric studies are further required to establish further associated risk factors and to identify the local pathogens and their resistance pattern. Appropriate use of antibiotics can substantially reduce the emergence of resistant pathogens and limit the cost of treatment.

A STUDY ON SURGICAL SITE INFECTION (SSI) AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF NORTH INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Anurag Khare ◽  
Praveen Kumar Arya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are the most common nosocomial infection and frequently cause morbidity and mortality among inpatients of hospitals. The incidence varies from hospital to hospital. Several factors affect the development of SSI. Objectives: To study the incidence of Surgical Site Infections and associated risk factors in the surgical wards of a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow. Material and Methods: It was a hospital based study done on 200 patients who underwent various surgeries in the General Surgery department of Career Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow. Duration of study was 3 months ie. Oct-December 2019. Apredesigned and pretested proforma was used to collect the data. Surgical sites were examined and graded. Culture and sensitivity testing was done on infected wounds. Data was analysed using SPSS 17 software. Results:Among the 200 patients 40 developed surgical site infections giving a cumulative incidence of 20%. Out of 40 SSIs 20 were grade 3 infections and responded to change in antibiotic guided by antibiogram. 20 patients developed grade 4 infection and some of them had constitutional symptoms like fever. SSIs were found more commonly among the aged, males, underweight and overweight, anaemics, diabetics, hypertensives, patients with longer pre-operative waiting time, with multiple blood transfusions and without antibiotic prophylaxis. Age, Sex, BMI, Diabetes mellitus, Blood transfusion and pre-operative waiting had univariate statistical signicance. Conclusion:The incidence of SSI is high. Gender, extremes of BMI, diabetes mellitus and blood transfusion are the important risk factors for it.

Risk Assessment for Surgical-Site Infections in Orthopedic Patients

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 402-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette S. de Boer ◽  
A. Joke Mintjes-de Groot ◽  
Antonius J. Severijnen ◽  
Jan Maarten J. van den Berg ◽  
Wilfrid van Pelt
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Surgical Wound ◽  
Acute Surgery ◽  
Wound Contamination ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Orthopedic Patients

Objective:To assess the relative importance of risk factors for surgical-site infections (SSIs) in orthopedic patients and thereby determine which risk factors to monitor in the national surveillance of SSI in The Netherlands.Design:Reanalysis of data on SSI and associated risk factors from two surveillance projects on nosocomial infections, carried out in 1992 and 1993 in The Netherlands: Project Surveillance Nosocomial Infections in the region of Utrecht (PSZU) and the first Project Surveillance Surgical Wound Infections (SWIFT-1). Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for age, gender, preoperative stay, and the number of operations. In addition, in PSZU, other nosocomial infections, and, in SWIFT-1, prophylactic antibiotics, acute surgery, and wound contamination were studied.Participants:The study was confined to hospitalized orthopedic patients (PSZU, 4,872; SWIFT-1, 6,437).Results:In PSZU, the following ORs were significant in a multivariate model: age 0-44 years, 1.0; 45-64 years, 1.6; 65-74 years, 4.7; and 75-99 years, 6.0. For a preoperative stay over 4 days, the OR was 3.3 (95% confidence interval [CI95], 2.5-4.0), and for multiple surgery, 2.5 (CI95, 1.9-3.0). For females, the OR was 0.8 (not significant). The same model applied to SWIFT-1 gave similar ORs. Adjustment for additional nosocomial infections (PSZU) decreased the ORs for ages over 65 years remarkably. The OR for additional nosocomial infections in patients under 65 years of age was 15.6 (CI95, 4.3-57.4). Adjustment for prophylactic antibiotics, acute surgery, and wound-contamination class (SWIFT-1) did not influence the ORs of the original model, but showed that wound-contamination class was an important risk factor.Conclusions:Age, additional nosocomial infections, wound-contamination class, preoperative stay, and the number of operations were identified as important risk factors for SSI in Dutch orthopedic patients.

Bone mineral density and associated risk factors: in healthy Indian population

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Waghdhare ◽  
Neelam Kaushal ◽  
Rajinder K Jalali ◽  
Divya Vohora ◽  
Sujeet Jha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Associated Risk Factors
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