The compliance of surgical prophylactic antibiotics with standard protocols in Imam Reza teaching hospital of Birjand, Iran

Background and Objectives: Taking unnecessary or inappropriate prophylactic antibiotics can cause infections with re- sistant organisms. The present study aimed to investigate administration prophylactic antibiotics in surgery ward and its compliance with standard protocol in Imam Reza teaching hospital of Birjand, Iran. Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed to evaluate the pattern of prophylactic antibiotics on patients who underwent surgical operations from October to December 2019. A checklist including demographic informa- tion, type of prophylactic antibiotics, dose and duration of using drug, type of surgery, and compliance with standard protocol was used. The validity and reliability of the checklist were evaluated and confirmed prior to the study. All eligible patients were enrolled and the information of the prescribed drugs in the surgical wards was compared with the Schwartz’s principles of surgery as standard protocol. Results: Out of a total of 300 patients, 187 (62.3%) were male. Among the patients, 155 (51.7%) cases underwent general surgery, 119 (39.6%) cases orthopedic surgery, and 26 (8.7%) cases neurosurgery. The most popular prescribed antibiotics were cefazolin (170 cases) and ceftriaxone + metronidazole (67 cases). Furthermore, the maximum antibiotic administrations were two days (127 cases) and one day (93 cases). More importantly, 67.7% and 92.3% of the patients were in compliance with the standard protocol in terms of the type and time of administration, respectively. Conclusion: Our results showed that duration and route of administrating antibiotics were consistent with the standard pro- tocol, but the type of drugs and indication did not match.

ROLE OF ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS ON SURGICAL SITE INFECTION IN ELECTIVE ABDOMINAL SURGER

Surgical site infection (SSI) are healthcare-associated infections(HAIs) with signicant source of preventable morbidity and mortality. Prophylactic antibiotics are used most often to prevent infection of a surgical incision. S. aureus, coagulase-negative Staphylococci and Enterococci are the three organisms most commonly isolated from SSI

Effect of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Orthopaedic Surgery

Background: Orthopaedic surgeries require sensitive protocol for prevention of infection pre and post-surgery. Antibiotic-prophylaxis has been reported for reducing risk of infection in orthopaedic surgeries such as removal of implants. Aim: To assess the effect of prophylactic antibiotics in orthopaedic surgery. Study design: Retrospective study Place and duration of study: Dept. of Orthopaedics, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar from 1-1-2020 to 31-12- 2020. Methodology: One hundred and ten patients within 18-75 years were divided into two groups. Each group had 55 patients. Group 1 were given prophylactic antibiotics pre-operative as a single dose while group 2 were given only saline. All patients were admitted for removal of orthopaedic implants in foot, ankle or leg. Patients 30 days record was observed for any surgical-site infection. Results: The mean age of patient was 42.95±10.8 years. Group 1 and Group 2 had more males than females. There were 10.9% and 9.09% diabetic patients within group 1 and group 2. The 30 days assessment of post implant removal orthopaedic surgery showed a decrease of surgical-site infection in group 1. Surgical-site infection decreased by a rate of 5.4% among patients who were given cefazolin antibiotic. Conclusion: The effect of prophylactic antibiotic reduces chance of surgical-site infection in orthopaedic surgery. Keywords: Antibiotic-prophylaxis, Orthopaedic surgery, Implant-removal, Surgical-site infection