scholarly journals CLINICO-ETIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ACUTE INTESTINAL INFECTIONS IN HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN OF MOSCOW IN 2015—2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Molochkova ◽  
O. B. Kovalev ◽  
A. L. Rossina ◽  
O. V. Shamsheva ◽  
A. A. Korsunsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Staphylococcal Infection ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Infectious Disease Department ◽  
Topical Diagnosis ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Causative Agents

A retrospective analysis of the etiological structure and clinical manifestations of acute intestinal infections was conducted in 8459  children hospitalized in a specialized infectious disease department at the Children's City Clinical Hospital No.9 in Moscow,  in 2015—2017 based on the study of statistical reports of the Children's City Clinical Hospital No.9 for 2015—2017 and 2417 case histories of children aged 1 month to 18 years old.It was found that children with age 1—7 years of age (58.5%) are more likely to have acute intestinal infections and are hospitalized. The etiological interpretation of acute intestinal infections remains at a low level and is 28.6%. The leading causative agents of acute intestinal infections are viruses (83%), mainly rotaviruses (62%), less often noroviruses (18%). Topical diagnosis in the vast majority of patients with acute intestinal infections was gastroenteritis (74.7%), which leads to the development of toxicosis with exsiccosis,  especially in young children, which is the reason for hospitalization  in the hospital. The share of bacterial diarrhea is small (17%), among them salmonella  is significant, and in young children  — staphylococcal infection. In recent years, the relevance of identifying campylobacter and clostridium, these pathogens may be the cause of the development of diarrhea with hemoccolitis.

scholarly journals A relationship between causative agents of infectious diarrhea and fatal outcomes in pre-school children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 752-762
Author(s):  
A. T. Podkolzin ◽  
T. A. Kozhakhmetova ◽  
D. Kh. Kyasova ◽  
Z. Kh. Dalelova ◽  
K. V. Kuleshov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Infectious Diarrhea ◽  
Autopsy Material ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Group A Rotaviruses ◽  
Group A

Infectious diarrhea is one of the leading causes of fatal outcomes in young children. Differential diagnostics of such infections within the first hours of illness poses significant objective obstacles. Data from laboratory studies of autopsy material and pathological studies provide valuable information for understanding the spectrum of differential diagnostics and etiological structure of infectious diarrhea with fatal outcomes in young children. Materials and methods. There were analyzed 100 cases of fatal outcomes in children under the age of six years registered in Russia from November 2011 to December 2019, who was diagnosed with infectious diarrhea at different levels of the healthcare system. The data were assessed based on available medical case reports and the laboratory testing of autopsy samples performed by using nucleic acid amplification methods. Results. The diagnosis of infectious diarrhea was revised in 24 patients, based on the data of a set of intravital and post-mortem studies. In patients with unconfirmed diagnosis of acute intestinal infections, pneumonia was the most often detected — in 45.8% (11/24), sepsis — in 29.2% (7/24), meningitis/meningoencephalitis, acute surgical pathology and asphyxiation associated with vomit aspiration — in 16.7 % (4/24) cases. The causative agents of infectious diarrhea were identified in 71 of 76 patients with confirmed diagnosis of acute intestinal infections. Most prevalent were group A rotaviruses — 52.6% (40/76), group F adenoviruses — 17.1% (13/76), and noroviruses — 13.2% (10/76). Combination of pathogens was detected in 29 cases (38.2%). Prehospital lethal outcomes in patients with infectious diarrhea were observed in 17 cases (22.4%). In total, rate of neonatal deaths due to acute intestinal infections accounted for 62.2% and 2-year-old toddlers — 20.3%. 64 of 76 (84%) children had no unfavorable premorbid background. The most common pathologies associated with infectious diarrhea with developing fatal outcomes were pneumonia (including aspiration pneumonia) in 22.4% (17/76) and aspiration asphyxia in 6.6% (5/76). Hemolytic-uremic syndrome associated with diarrhea was diagnosed in 7.9% (6/76) of children. Conclusions. Within the first years of life children comprise a risk group for developing fatal outcomes during infectious diarrhea. Lack of unfavorable premorbid background should not be considered as a reliable positive prognostic criterion. Diagnostics of pneumonia should be included in the mandatory examination plan for children with severe infectious diar rhea. Based on study of clinical and autopsy material, group A rotaviruses were the lead causative agents among those resulting in infectious diarrhea with fatal outcomes in young children. Special attention should be paid to preventing vomit aspiration within the first days after disease onset.

scholarly journals Diagnostics and observation tactics of newborns with arteriovenous malformation of Galena vein in a multidiscipline children hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
A. K. Mironova ◽  
A. S. Sharykin ◽  
K. V. Vatolin ◽  
M. I. Pykov ◽  
I. M. Osmanov
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Topical Diagnosis ◽  
Near Future

The authors analyzed the results of diagnostics and treatment of arteriovenous malformations of the Galena vein in 6 newborns at the Bashlyaeva Children City Clinical Hospital in 2018–2019. They described the main methods of early and accurate topical diagnosis of the disease, clinical manifestations depending on the size and type of malformation, treatment options and their results in the near future and long-term perspective. The authors have concluded that a multidisciplinary approach involving a resuscitator, cardiologist, neurosurgeon and radiologist plays the most important role in preparing patient for surgery.

scholarly journals Clinical and epidemiological features of acute intestinal infections caused by opportunistic enterobacteria in young children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г.А. Харченко ◽  
О.Г. Кимирилова
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Etiological Factor ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Astrakhan Oblast

Установлены клинико-эпидемиологические особенности острых кишечных инфекций (ОКИ), вызванных условно-патогенными энтеробактериями (УПЭ) у детей раннего возраста, в зависимости от этиологического фактора. Источниками информации являлись данные Управления Роспотребнадзора по Астраханской области (АО), медицинская документация (720 историй болезни) пациентов в возрасте до 1 года, лечившихся в ГБУЗ ОИКБ им. А. М. Ничоги, Астрахань, с января 2019 по декабрь 2020 г. включительно. ОКИ, вызванные УПЭ у детей в АО, составляют 74%, в том числе у детей в возрасте до 1 года – 60% от общего количества больных ОКИ уточненной бактериальной этиологии. Независимо от этиологического фактора ОКИ, вызванные УПЭ, протекали в виде моноинфекции (83%) средней степени тяжести (62%). Симптомы интоксикации имели прямую корреляционную связь (r = от 0,52 до 0,76; p < 0,001) с выраженностью диарейного синдрома и дегидратации. С уменьшением возраста ребенка увеличивалась продолжительность купирования этих симптомов (r = -0,72; p < 0,001). Clinical and epidemiological features of acute intestinal infections (AKI) caused by opportunistic enterobacteria (UPE) in young children, depending on the etiological factor were established. The information sources were the data of Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Astrakhan oblast (AO), medical documentation (720 case histories) of patients under the age of 1 year treated in GBUZ «Regional clinical infectious hospital named. A. M. Nichogi» Astrakhan from January 2000 through December 2020. AKI caused by UPE in children in AO is 74%, including 60% in children under 1 year of age, of the total number of patients with AKI of specified bacterial etiology. Regardless of the etiological factor, AKI caused by UPE occurred in the form of monoinfection (83%), moderate severity (62%). Symptoms of intoxication had a direct correlation (r = 0,52 to 0,76; p < 0.001) with the severity of diarrheal syndrome and dehydration. With a decrease in the age of the child, the duration of relief of these symptoms increased (r = -0,72; p < 0,001).

scholarly journals Etiological and epidemiological characteristics of infectious hemocolitis in hospitalized pediatric patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
O. I. Klimova ◽  
N. V. Gonchar ◽  
I. V. Razd’yakonova ◽  
Yu. V. Lobzin
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Immunological Methods ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

The aim of this work is to study the etiological and epidemiological features of infectious hemocolites (IG) in hospitalized children of different ages.Materials and methods of research. An analysis of the results of a survey of 3103 children admitted to hospital treatment for acute intestinal infections (AII) from January to December 2018, among which patients with IG were identified. The etiology of the disease was determined based on the results of the bacteriological method, PCR studies of faeces with Amplicens ® OKI screen-FL reagents, serological and immunological methods. Microscopic examination of faeces was performed to identify protozoa. Patients were divided into age groups: infant (n=78; 30%); early (n=74; 28,5%); preschool (n=63; 24,2%), school (n=45; 17,3%).Results. The incidence of IG in hospitalized children with AII was 8,4%. Bacterial pathogens of IG were detected in 66,5% of children, IG of unspecified etiology was diagnosed in 24,2%. Viral and bacterial infections were rarely detected (9,2%). Among intestinal viruses, rotavirus (37,5%), norovirus (29,2%) and enterovirus (20,8%) were more frequently detected in hemocolitis of combined viral and bacterial etiology. In the IG age structure, infants (30%), young children (28,5%) and pre-school children (24,2%) made up the majority. The maximum number of IG patients was detected in the summer (10,9% of all cases of AII). Salmonellosis was more often detected in autumn (31,6%), campylobacteriosis – in summer (17.9%) and autumn (24,1%), escherichiosis and shigellosis – in summer (11,5% and 6,4%, respectively). The maximum detection of IG in infants was observed in June (14,1%) and October (12,8%), in young children – in July (17,6%), in preschoolers – in June (12,7%) and November (15,9%), in schoolchildren in May (13,3% of cases) and in October (15,6%).Conclusion. The incidence of infectious hemocolites in hospitalized children with acute intestinal infections was 8,4%. The bacterial etiology of the disease was detected in 66,5% of children. The age structure of the IG was dominated by children of infant, early and preschool age. The maximum detection of patients with IG was observed in the summer.

scholarly journals Features of the coronavirus disease course in young children

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 691-695
Author(s):  
N. S. Kosmynina ◽  
I. Yu. Avramenko
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Laboratory Finding ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Arithmetic Mean ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Runny Nose ◽  
General Weakness

The aim. To analyze the features of the coronavirus disease course in young children. Materials and methods. We analyzed case histories of 60 children aged 0 to 3 years who were hospitalized to the Lviv Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital “OHMATDYT” in the period from April to December 2020 with a diagnosis of coronavirus disease. Out of the 60 children 36 (60 %) were boys and 24 (40 %) were girls. Laboratory studies on the presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA were performed in samples of nasal and pharyngeal swabs by PCR at the State Institution “Lviv Regional Laboratory Center of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”. Blood and urinary laboratory tests were performed on the basis of the Laboratories in Lviv Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital “OHMATDYT”. The result were statistically processed using Excel software from Microsoft Office 2019 packages. Quantitative characteristics were given as M ± m (arithmetic mean ± standard deviation of the arithmetic mean). Results. It was found that 40% of children under 1 year old and only 15% from 1 to 3 years old were hospitalized on the first day of the disease. Parents of sick children in 51 (85 %) cases confirmed the presence of contact with infected family members. The analysis of the disease clinical manifestations showed that during the disease course, most children with coronavirus disease had the following clinical manifestations: fever, runny nose, cough, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and general weakness. Lymphopenia, which is the most common laboratory finding in adults with COVID-19, was found only in 28 % of children hospitalized to the Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital “OHMATDYT”. The presence of complications in the form of pneumonia was observed in 5 children, which amounted to 8.3 %. The average duration of inpatient treatment for children under 1 year of age was 7 days, and it was 6 days for children between 1 and 3 years of age. Conclusions. It was found that 85% of child inpatients were in contact with family members in whom the presence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed. The main manifestations of coronavirus disease were fever ˃38 °C and general weakness in more than 55% of children aged 0 to 3 years. The level of leukocytes within the age norm was observed in 46.6% of children, leukopenia– in 35.0%, and lymphopenia– in 28.3%. The course of the disease among young children was mild, and only 8.3% of children had the moderately severe course, complicated by pneumonia.

scholarly journals The State of the Intestinal Microflora in Hospitalized Children with Acute Intestinal Infections

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-64
Author(s):  
Z. M. Kuliyeva ◽  
L. I. Rustamova ◽  
S. M. Faradzheva ◽  
M. G. Aliev ◽  
I. B. Israfilbekova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
The State ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Intestinal Infection ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intestinal Infections ◽  
Bacteriological Method

The purpose of this study was to study the state of the intestinal microflora in young children who received inpatient treatment for acute intestinal infections. A study of the microflora in 183 children aged 0 months. up to 3 years of life. At the same time, 43 (23.5%) children received breast milk, 53 (29.0%) were artificially fed and 87 (47.5%) mixed-fed children. All children were examined by bacteriological method. Conditionally pathogenic flora among hospitalized patients was detected in 114 (62.3%), Candida was mainly detected in 67.5% of cases, in 57 patients (50.0%) in association with other opportunistic microorganisms — Candida + St. aureus — in 32 (28.1%), Candida + P. vulgaris — in 9 (7.9%), Candida + + P. vulgaris + St. aureus — in 12 (10.5%), Candida + St. aureus + Ps. aeroginosa — in 4 (3.5%). As a result of studying the composition of the intestinal microflora in patients hospitalized with intestinal infection, a decrease in the number of E. coli and B. bifidum was found, 43.7% and 63.4%, respectively.

scholarly journals The Structure of Causative Agents of Urinary Tract Infection in Children of the Children's City Clinical Hospital No. 2, City of Almaty

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Z. Z. Nurgalieva ◽  
◽  
B. A. Danaybek ◽  
D. K. Shadieva ◽  
T. B. Zulgarnai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Sick Children

The article presents the structure of causative agents of urinary tract infection (UTI) in sick children in the nephrological department of the Children's City Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Almaty, interpreted according to the results of a retrospective analysis of 328 case histories. Based on the study, it was revealed that the most common pathogen is E. coli 35.4% of the total number of sick children. It was determined that girls in the age group from 0 to 3 years get sick 1.8 times more often.

MANAGEMENT OF INTRATHORACIC NERVE TUMORS IN YOUNG CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-348
Author(s):  
JOHN C. JONES ◽  
DONALD B. EFFLER
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Posterior Mediastinum ◽  
Neurogenic Tumor ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Neurogenic Tumors ◽  
Degree Of Certainty ◽  
Malignant Changes

A brief review of the literature referring to intrathoracic nerve tumors in children is presented. The neurogenic tumors have an expected incidence of malignancy of about 40%. Four case histories are reported in which neurogenic tumors of the posterior mediastinum were removed with apparent cure. Only one of these children had objective or subjective signs which could be attributed to their neoplasms. All of the neoplasms were benign. Prompt thoracotomy is advocated in the child with a suspected neurogenic tumor of the mediastinum. Periods of observation, procrastination and roentgen therapy are to be condemned for it is impossible to predict with any degree of certainty which tumor will or already has undergone malignant changes. A brief discussion of the operative management and complications is presented.

Serum immunoglobulins for acute intestinal infections in young children

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 57-58
Author(s):  
N. A. Romanova ◽  
R. M. Khasanova
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Mild Form ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulins ◽  
Intestinal Infections

The aim of the work was to study the dynamics of serum immunoglobulins in children of the first three years of life, patients with salmonellosis, coli infection and dysentery. Of 129 children, 58 had salmonellosis typhimurium, 39 had coli infection caused by Escherichia of the 1st category, 32 had dysentery Sonne. Among patients with salmonellosis, 7 had a mild form, 44 had a moderate form, and 7 had a severe form. 16, among the most severe - in 19, severe - in 4 children. With dysentery, a mild form was observed in 13 children, a moderate form in 19. Children from 6 months to 1 year old were 69, from a year to 3 years old - 60.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS ACCORDING TO THE CENTRAL CITY CLINICAL HOSPITAL OF ALMATY

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 399-403
Author(s):  
М.С. Малгаждаров ◽  
В.М. Мадьяров ◽  
М.Н. Турбекова
Keyword(s):  
Acute Appendicitis ◽  
Central City ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Clinical Hospital

В статье проанализировано 1759 случаев острого аппендицита по данным историй болезней пациентов, проходивших лечение на базе Центрального городской клинической больницы с 2015 по 2017 гг. Выявлены основные эпидемиолгические аспекты данной патологии. The article analyzes 1759 cases of acute appendicitis according to the case histories of patients treated at the Central City Clinical Hospital from 2015 to 2017. The main epidemiological aspects of this pathology have been identified.

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