Neoproterozoic-paleozoic evolution of the Drina formation (Drina-Ivanjica entity)

This paper addresses a Drina-Ivanjica basement member, Drina Formation, characterized by ? controversial Neoproterozoic to Carboniferous age. The Drina Formation is also informally referred to as the ?Lower Drina Formation? and the ?Upper Drina Formation? including the Golija Formation as a conditional analog unit of the latter. A review of the biostratigraphic, sedimentary and paleogeographic constraints identified Drina Formation (Inner Dinarides) as a migrated crustal segment derived from a marginal section of northern Gondwana, being, however, of Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic age. The presence of arenites, pelites, conglomerates, scarce limestones, basic (sub)volcanics and tuffs of the volcano-sedimentary Drina Formation metamorphosed up to greenschist and locally up to amphibolite facies, coupled with the absence of felsic volcanism implies a passive margin setting. Considering the age, such environment was probably associated with the perplexed Lower Paleozoic Avalonian-Cadomian arc, situated along the former north Gondwanan active margin. More precisely, the Drina Formation originated from a depositional junction between the Gondwana sediment supplier (Sahara metacraton) and Cadomian arc. A comparison with the regional Early Paleozoic succession of the ?Kucaj Unit? (eastern Serbia) yields the absence of typical anchimetamorphic Silurian to Lower Devonian deep-marine fossil-bearing succession. The volcano-sedimentary passive margin system of Drina Formation is overlain by a late Variscan convergencerelated voluminous clastic sequence allocated as the Golija Formation.

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Evolution of the early Paleozoic Cordilleran margin of Laurentia: tectonic and eustatic events interpreted from sequence stratigraphy and conodont community patterns

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/e05-014 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 999-1031 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Shunxin Zhang ◽

Leanne J Pyle ◽

Christopher R Barnes

Keyword(s):

Sea Level ◽

Sequence Stratigraphy ◽

Passive Margin ◽

Early Paleozoic ◽

Relative Sea Level ◽

Lower Paleozoic ◽

Community Patterns ◽

Regional Tectonic ◽

Laurentian Margin ◽

Cordilleran Margin

Several field seasons in the Canadian Cordillera have allowed the measurement, description and sampling of over 20 000 m of lower Paleozoic strata from 26 stratigraphic sections across four platform-to-basin transects, with the recovery of over 100 000 conodonts from more than 1200 45 kg samples. This work was part of the Lithoprobe Slave Northern Cordillera Lithospheric Evolution (SNORCLE) project but is also being extended through a Pan-Lithoprobe project to understand the tectonic and eustatic response of much of the Laurentian plate through the early Paleozoic. Based on the abundant field data, the complex stratigraphic framework is interpreted in terms of sequence stratigraphy and a derived relative sea-level curve. Using detailed conodont taxonomic and biostratigraphic results, cluster analysis of conodont distributional data identified an evolving series of conodont communities through space and time. These communities were partitioned across the platform-to-basin gradient and provide an additional sensitive indicator of relative sea-level change. These two independent approaches generated comparable eustatic curves for this Cordilleran Laurentian margin during much of the early Paleozoic and identified some global eustatic events noted by earlier workers. This part of Laurentia was not a simple passive margin during the early Paleozoic, but rather was affected by four main tectonic events complicated by six principal eustatic changes. Some success was achieved in filtering the global and regional tectoniceustatic effects and in proposing causes for some of the events.

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Multi-Proxy Provenance Analyses of the Kingriali and Datta Formations (Triassic—Jurassic Transition): Evidence for Westward Extension of the Neo-Tethys Passive Margin from the Salt Range (Pakistan)

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min11060573 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 573

Author(s):

Shahid Iqbal ◽

Michael Wagreich ◽

Mehwish Bibi ◽

Irfan U. Jan ◽

Susanne Gier

Keyword(s):

Lower Jurassic ◽

Sediment Supply ◽

Heavy Mineral ◽

Passive Margin ◽

Indian Plate ◽

Late Triassic ◽

Indian Shield ◽

Margin Setting ◽

Salt Range ◽

Mineral Data

The Salt Range, in Pakistan, preserves an insightful sedimentary record of passive margin dynamics along the NW margin of the Indian Plate during the Mesozoic. This study develops provenance analyses of the Upper Triassic (Kingriali Formation) to Lower Jurassic (Datta Formation) siliciclastics from the Salt and Trans Indus ranges based on outcrop analysis, petrography, bulk sediment elemental geochemistry, and heavy-mineral data. The sandstones are texturally and compositionally mature quartz arenites and the conglomerates are quartz rich oligomictic conglomerates. Geochemical proxies support sediment derivation from acidic sources and deposition under a passive margin setting. The transparent heavy mineral suite consists of zircon, tourmaline, and rutile (ZTR) with minor staurolite in the Triassic strata that diminishes in the Jurassic strata. Together, these data indicate that the sediments were supplied by erosion of the older siliciclastics of the eastern Salt Range and adjoining areas of the Indian Plate. The proportion of recycled component exceeds the previous literature estimates for direct sediment derivation from the Indian Shield. A possible increase in detritus supply from the Salt Range itself indicates notably different conditions of sediment generation, during the Triassic–Jurassic transition. The present results suggest that, during the Triassic–Jurassic transition in the Salt Range, direct sediment supply from the Indian Shield was probably reduced and the Triassic and older siliciclastics were exhumed on an elevated passive margin and reworked by a locally established fluvio-deltaic system. The sediment transport had a north-northwestward trend parallel to the northwestern Tethyan margin of the Indian Plate and normal to its opening axis. During the Late Triassic, hot and arid hot-house palaeoclimate prevailed in the area that gave way to a hot and humid greenhouse palaeoclimate across the Triassic–Jurassic Boundary. Sedimentological similarity between the Salt Range succession and the Neo-Tethyan succession exposed to the east on the northern Indian passive Neo-Tethyan margin suggests a possible westward extension of this margin.

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Recognising different sediment provenances within a passive margin setting: Towards characterising a sediment source to the west of the British late Carboniferous sedimentary basins

Chemical Geology ◽

10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.10.007 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 283 (3-4) ◽

pp. 143-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sorcha Diskin ◽

Jane Evans ◽

Mike B. Fowler ◽

Paul D. Guion

Keyword(s):

Sedimentary Basins ◽

Late Carboniferous ◽

Passive Margin ◽

Sediment Source ◽

The West ◽

Margin Setting

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Comparison of turbidite facies associations in modern passive-margin Mississippi fan with ancient active-margin fans

Sedimentary Geology ◽

10.1016/0037-0738(88)90006-1 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 63-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

G. Shanmugam ◽

R.J. Moiola ◽

J.G. McPherson ◽

S. O'Connell

Keyword(s):

Passive Margin ◽

Active Margin ◽

Facies Associations

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Early Paleozoic rifting and reactivation of a passive-margin rift: Insights from detrital zircon provenance signatures of the Potsdam Group, Ottawa graben: Comment

Geological Society of America Bulletin ◽

10.1130/b35104.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 131 (3-4) ◽

pp. 695-698

Author(s):

Ed Landing ◽

Osman Salad Hersi ◽

Lisa Amati ◽

Stephen R. Westrop ◽

David A. Franzi

Keyword(s):

Detrital Zircon ◽

Passive Margin ◽

Early Paleozoic

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The initiation of the early Paleozoic Cordilleran miogeocline: evidence from the uppermost Proterozoic – Lower Cambrian Hamill Group of southeastern British Columbia

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences ◽

10.1139/e88-001 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

William J. Devlin ◽

Gerard C. Bond

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Lower Cambrian ◽

Direct Evidence ◽

Thermal Anomaly ◽

Passive Margin ◽

Early Paleozoic ◽

Upper Proterozoic ◽

Windermere Supergroup ◽

Depositional Setting ◽

Thermal Subsidence

The uppermost Proterozoic–Lower Cambrian Hamill Group of southeastern British Columbia contains geologic evidence for a phase of extensional tectonism that led directly to the onset of thermally controlled subsidence in the Cordilleran miogeocline. Moreover, the Hamill Group contains the sedimentological record of the passage of the ancient passive margin from unstable tectonic conditions associated with rifting and (or) the earliest phases of thermal subsidence to post-rift conditions characterized by stabilization of the margin and dissipation of the thermal anomaly generated during the rift phase (the rift to post-rift transition). Widespread uplift that occurred prior to and during the deposition of the lower Hamill Group is indicated by an unconformable relation with the underlying Windermere Supergroup and by stratigraphic relations between Middle and Upper Proterozoic strata and unconformably overlying upper Lower Cambrian quartz arenites (upper Hamill Group) in the southern borderlands of the Hamill basin. In addition, the coarse grain size, the feldspar content, the depositional setting, and the inferred provenance of the lower Hamill Group are all indicative of the activation of basement sources along the margins of the Hamill basin. Geologic relations within the Hamill Group that provide direct evidence for extensional tectonism include the occurrence of thick sequences of mafic metavolcanics and rapid vertical facies changes that are suggestive of syndepositional tectonism.Evidence of extensional tectonism in the Hamill Group directly supports inferences derived from tectonic subsidence analyses that indicate the rift phase that immediately preceded early Paleozoic post-rift cooling could not have occurred more than 10–20 Ma prior to 575 ± 25 Ma. These data, together with recently reported isotopic data that suggest deposition of the Windermere Supergroup began ~730–770 Ma, indicate that the rift-like deposits of the Windermere Supergroup are too old to represent the rifting that led directly to the deposition of the Cambro-Ordovician post-rift strata. Instead, Windermere sedimentation was apparently initiated by an earlier rift event, probably of regional extent, that was part of a protracted, episodic rift history that culminated with continental breakup in the latest Proterozoic – Early Cambrian.

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