Diapause in a Salt-tolerant Desert Caddisfly: The Life Cycle of Limnephilus assimilis (Trichoptera) in Death Valley

The extreme meteorological surface air temperatures recorded to date are –89.2 oC in Antarctica, and 56.7 oC in Death Valley, California. Ground temperatures can be higher or lower than these air temperatures. The bulk of oceanic water is cold (< 4 oC) and thermally stable. Whilst data on limits to survival attract considerable attention, the thermal limits to completion of the life cycle (which define the limits to life) are much less well known. Currently identified upper thermal limits for growth are 122 oC for archaeans, 100 oC for bacteria and ~60 oC for unicellular eukaryotes. No unicells appear to grow below –20 oC, a limit that is probably set by dehydration-linked vitrification of the cell interior. The lower thermal limits for survival in multicellular organisms in the natural world extend to at least –70 oC. However in all cases known to date, completion of the life cycle requires summer warmth and the lowest temperature for completion of a multicellular eukaryote life cycle appears to be ~0 oC for invertebrates in glacial meltwater and ~–2 oC for marine invertebrates and fish living on the continental shelves around Antarctica.

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Effect of elevated temperature on osmotic and ionic regulation in a salt-tolerant caddisfly from Death Valley, California

Journal of Insect Physiology ◽

10.1016/0022-1910(83)90038-0 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 363-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Elizabeth A. Colburn

Keyword(s):

Elevated Temperature ◽

Death Valley ◽

Ionic Regulation ◽

Salt Tolerant

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Environmental and Management Considerations for Adopting the Halophyte Salicornia bigelovii Torr. as a Sustainable Seawater-Irrigated Crop.

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12020707 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 707 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rodolfo Garza-Torres ◽

Enrique Troyo-Diéguez ◽

Alejandra Nieto-Garibay ◽

Gregorio Lucero-Vega ◽

Francisco Javier Magallón-Barajas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Water Requirements ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Salicornia Bigelovii ◽

Plant Resource ◽

Coastal Aquaculture ◽

Seawater Irrigation ◽

Potential Use ◽

New Crop

Salicornia bigelovii Torr. is a potential new crop for coastal and saline lands, because of the oil content of its seeds, its properties as fresh vegetable, forage, and other uses. As a true halophyte, it can grow with seawater irrigation. The aim of this study was to determine the phenology and water requirements of Salicornia as a new plant resource in growing areas for salt-tolerant crops in coastal and saline lands, and elucidate scenarios of sustainability about these issues. Water requirements were estimated in experimental plots on the coastal line and fulfilled with drip irrigation connected to seawater aquaculture discharge ponds, 30 m from the sea. The recorded phenological events were germination, flowering, fructification, maturation, and physiological death. Results reflect the difficulty to adopt it as a new crop because of its long-life cycle, around nine months, contrasting with the life cycle of common crops, from three to four months. Irrigation needs reached a depth of 240 cm, significantly exceeding those of conventional crops. Such limitations are highlighted, but also its potential use as a biofilter of coastal aquaculture effluents, being a productive target-biomass, feasible to be used as a dual-purpose use of water and energy required in aquaculture farms.

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Marker-assisted Foreground Selection for Identification of Salt Tolerant Rice Genotypes

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v10i2.13128 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

MS Alam ◽

SN Begum ◽

MM Islam ◽

M Moniruzzaman ◽

MAK Patwary

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

High Yield ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Short Life ◽

Foreground Selection ◽

Rice Genotypes ◽

Selection For ◽

Recipient Parent

ErratumIn the paper entitled Marker-assisted Foreground Selection for Identification of Salt Tolerant Rice Genotypes published in The Agriculturists 10(2): 1-8 (December 2012), the authors should be read as M. S. Alam, S. N. Begum, M. M. Islam, M. Moniruzzaman and M. A. K. Patwary instead of M. S. Alam, M. Salim, M. Moniruzzaman, J. A. Rashid and M. M. Islam (Authors changed on the online version on 13th June 2013).Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) technique was used to develop salt tolerant rice genotypes using molecular markers during June 2009 to November 2010 in the experimental field and Biotechnology Laboratory of Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. FL-378 was identified as donor or male parent for saltol QTL and Binadhan-7 as recurrent or recipient parent which had high yield with short life cycle. Crossing was done between them and 10 F1 seeds were produced. PCR bands from all the 10F1 plants were scored as H represented heterozygous alleles for donor and recipient parent. Backcrossing was done to produce 105 BC1F1 seedlings. Foreground selection was performed with 72 BC1F1plants with a tightly linked salt tolerance marker RM21. Out of 72 plants, 33 plants were selected for RM21 showing H scores. The selected segregants were subjected to further recombinant and background selections at BC1F1 generation. These selected genotypess could be used for further foreground, recombinant and background selections with appropriate markers upto BC3 generation for the development of salt tolerant rice genotypes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i2.13128 The Agriculturists 2012; 10(2) 1-8

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Ultrastructural analysis of “Sensory” surface nerve endings and “putative” neurotransmitter sites in Schistosoma mansoni Miracidia

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100156791 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 962-963

Author(s):

Betty Ruth Jones ◽

Steve Chi-Tang Pan

Keyword(s):

Nervous System ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Snail Host ◽

Complex Life Cycle ◽

Rational Approach ◽

Effective Control ◽

The Social ◽

Social And Economic Development ◽

Basic Biology

INTRODUCTION: Schistosomiasis has been described as “one of the most devastating diseases of mankind, second only to malaria in its deleterious effects on the social and economic development of populations in many warm areas of the world.” The disease is worldwide and is probably spreading faster and becoming more intense than the overall research efforts designed to provide the basis for countering it. Moreover, there are indications that the development of water resources and the demands for increasing cultivation and food in developing countries may prevent adequate control of the disease and thus the number of infections are increasing.Our knowledge of the basic biology of the parasites causing the disease is far from adequate. Such knowledge is essential if we are to develop a rational approach to the effective control of human schistosomiasis. The miracidium is the first infective stage in the complex life cycle of schistosomes. The future of the entire life cycle depends on the capacity and ability of this organism to locate and enter a suitable snail host for further development, Little is known about the nervous system of the miracidium of Schistosoma mansoni and of other trematodes. Studies indicate that miracidia contain a well developed and complex nervous system that may aid the larvae in locating and entering a susceptible snail host (Wilson, 1970; Brooker, 1972; Chernin, 1974; Pan, 1980; Mehlhorn, 1988; and Jones, 1987-1988).

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A freeze-fracture-etched study of the physarum polycephalum plasma membrane during early formation of the macroplasmodial stage

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100147570 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 51 ◽

pp. 346-347

Author(s):

Randolph W. Taylor ◽

Henrie Treadwell

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Growth Phase ◽

Filter Paper ◽

Physarum Polycephalum ◽

Freeze Fracture ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Wire Screen ◽

Wide Mouth ◽

Sterile Filter

The plasma membrane of the Slime Mold, Physarum polycephalum, process unique morphological distinctions at different stages of the life cycle. Investigations of the plasma membrane of P. polycephalum, particularly, the arrangements of the intramembranous particles has provided useful information concerning possible changes occurring in higher organisms. In this report Freeze-fracture-etched techniques were used to investigate 3 hours post-fusion of the macroplasmodia stage of the P. polycephalum plasma membrane.Microplasmodia of Physarum polycephalum (M3C), axenically maintained, were collected in mid-expotential growth phase by centrifugation. Aliquots of microplasmodia were spread in 3 cm circles with a wide mouth pipette onto sterile filter paper which was supported on a wire screen contained in a petri dish. The cells were starved for 2 hrs at 24°C. After starvation, the cells were feed semidefined medium supplemented with hemin and incubated at 24°C. Three hours after incubation, samples were collected randomly from the petri plates, placed in plancettes and frozen with a propane-nitrogen jet freezer.

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