The Temple of Sulis-Minerva at Bath

1955 ◽  
Vol 45 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Richmond ◽  
J. M. C. Toynbee
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
South Side ◽  
British Art ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
Central Member ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Temple

The Roman remains at Bath, dominated by the stately thermal establishment, have always been associated in geography and in archaeology with the goddess Sulis-Minerva. The famous pediment of her temple, found when the eighteenth-century Pump Room was built, has long been accounted one of the most remarkable manifestations of Romano-British art; its richly carved reliefs have always invited restoration; and they at once received it, somewhat sketchily from Englefield and most ingeniously from Samuel Lysons in 1802 (pl. XXIII). So convincing, indeed, was the main outline of Lyson's reconstruction that it held the field and remained the basis of all subsequent proposals, including that so carefully elaborated by the late A. J. Taylor. The discovery of the stones carried with it the site of the temple; for the blocks cannot have fallen far. It lay below the Pump Room, on the north side of the sacred pool whose copious hot springs were enclosed by the Romans in an irregular polygonal basin. The sanctity of the spring, which seems only later to have been roofed, is proved by the many coins and the leaden tablet inscribed with a curse which it contained, but, unlike many sacred pools, for example, that of Nemausus at Nîmes, it was not itself frequented by bathers. It could be viewed from the Baths through three great open windows on its south side; and these were of some architectural pretensions, the central member having a true arch, and the flanking pair (of which one survives (pl. XXIV, 2)) joggled flat arches, while the corridor within was furnished, as was no other part of the Baths, with fluted pilasters (pl. XXIV, 1).

scholarly journals Art. II.—Aśwakrāntā, near Ganhati

1900 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
P. R. Gurdon
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Current ◽  
The West ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
The People ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Temple

Amongst the many interesting places that lie near the old town of Pragjotishpur or Ganhati is Aśwakrāntā, or, as some people call it, Aśwakrāntā. It is called Aśwakrāntā because the route of Krishna is said to have been viâ Aśwakrāntā when he was carrying off his bride, Rukmini (Aśwa ‘horse’ and krāntā ‘passed by’). If it is called Aśwakrāntā, it means the place where the horse was tired; klāntā meaning ‘tired’ or ‘ weary.’ It should also be remembered that r and l are often interchangeable. Compare Sukreshwar, which is often called Sukleshwar. Aśwakrāntā, or Aśwakrāntā, is on the north side of the Brahmaputra, a little to the west of the island of Umananda, which lies in the midst of the mighty Brahmaputra. The people at the temple show you various holes in the rock at Aśwakrāntā, which, they say, are the footprints of Krishṇna's horses. It is at this place that the people bathe during the Asokastami festival, the day when the current of the Brahmaputra is thought to flow backwards, the reverse current being popularly supposed to be the holy Gangā. The origin of the festival is said to be due to Aśwakrāntā having been the bathing-place of Rukminī. This goddess bathed in the river, but was annoyed by people staring at her from the opposite bank, upon which Krishṇa promptly interposed what is now known as the “ Ar parbat” as a screen.

scholarly journals A Study on Urban Furniture: Nicosia Old City

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mine Kuset Bolkaner ◽  
Selda İnançoğlu ◽  
Buket Asilsoy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
The South ◽  
Urban Identity ◽  
South Side ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
Old City ◽  
Street Furniture ◽  
The City

Urban furniture can be defined as aesthetics and comfort elements that reflect the identity of a city and enable the urban space to become livable. Urban furniture is an important element of the city in order to improve the quality of urban life, to create a comfortable and reliable environment and to meet the needs of the users in the best way. For designing these elements, the social, economic, cultural and architectural structure of the city should be considered and evaluated. It is important to adapt the urban furniture to the urban texture and to the cultural structure achieving an urban identity, in order to ensure the survival and sustainability of the historical environments. In this study, a study was carried out in the context of urban furniture in Nicosia Walled City, which has many architectural cultures with its historical texture. In this context, firstly the concept of urban identity and urban furniture was explained and then, information about urban furniture was given in historical circles with urban furniture samples from different countries. As a field study, a main axis was determined and the streets and squares on this axis were discussed. These areas have been explored starting from Kyrenia Gate in North Nicosia; İnönü Square, Girne Street, Atatürk Square, Arasta Square, Lokmacı Barricade and on the south side Ledra Street and Eleftherias Square. In this context, the existing furniture in the North and South were determined and evaluated in terms of urban identity accordingly. As a result, it can be suggested that the existing street furniture equipments, especially on the north side, do not have any characteristic to emphasize the urban identity. According to the findings, it was determined that the urban furniture in the streets and squares on the north side is generally older and neglected, and does not provide a unity with the environment, whereas on the south side, these elements on the street and square are relatively new, functional and environmentally compatible.Key words: urban furniture, historical environment, urban identity, Nicosia Old City

scholarly journals II.—Excavations at Sparta, 1906: § 12.—The Roman Stoa and the later Fortifications

1906 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 415-430
Author(s):  
Ramsay Traquair
Keyword(s):  
Plate Viii ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The North ◽  
Complete Part ◽  
North Side ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
East And West ◽  
Barrel Vaults

In plan the walls surrounding the Acropolis of Sparta form an irregular oblong, terminated to the east and west by two small hills which formed citadels or outlook points. Though no single complete part remains, and in many places the walls are levelled to the ground, the lines can still be traced fairly completely. (Plate VIII. 3.)At the south eastern corner are the ruins of a Roman Stoa of the Imperial period (A). They shew a series of small compartments (Fig. 1), covered with barrel vaults, ten on either side of three larger central rooms, which are roofed with crossgroined vaults and large semicircular niches at the back. The ground on the north side is as high as the vaults and originally must have formed a terrace overlooking the street on to which the Stoa opened on its south side.

scholarly journals Observations upon the marine barometer, made during the examina­tion of the coasts of New Holland and New Wales, in the Years 1801, 1802, and 1803. By Matthew Flinders, Esq. Com­mander of His Majesty’s Ship Investigator . In a letter to the Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, K. B. P. R. S. &c. &c. &c

1832 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 230-232
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
South Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
Southern Half ◽  
The Right

The chief circumstance that induced Capt. Flinders to think his observations Upon the marine barometer were worthy of attention, was the coincidence that took place between the rising and falling of the mercury, and the setting in of winds that blew from the sea and from off the land, to which there seemed to be at least as much reference as to the strength of the wind or the state of the atmosphere. Our author’s examination of the coasts of New Holland and the other parts of the Terra Australis, began at Cape Leuwen, and con­tinued eastward along the south coast. His observations, which, on account of their length, we must pass over, show, that a change of wind from the northern half of the compass to any point in the southern half, caused the mercury to rise; and that a contrary change caused it to fall. Also, that the mercury stood considerably higher When the wind came from the south side of east and west, than when, in similar weather, it came from the north side.

Part II. The Perseia Fountain House

1953 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. B. Wace ◽  
M. R. Holland ◽  
M. S. F. Hood ◽  
A. G. Woodhead
Keyword(s):  
Soft Rock ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
Exact Position ◽  
Fountain House ◽  
East West

In 1892 Tsountas in the course of exploration on the top of the ridge between the ‘Tomb of Clytemnestra’ and the Lion Gate found a painted circular cap of poros (o·61 m. in diameter), which from the cuttings in it clearly seems to have been connected with some form of installation for water (Plate 14, b). It bears an inscription which as restored refers to Perseus. This inscribed cap Tsountas says he found among later ruins, but he did not specify the exact position. In 1922 therefore we investigated the ruins of apparently Hellenistic date which lie directly to the south of the modern carriage road on the top of the ridge to the north of the ‘Tomb of Clytemnestra’. A long terrace wall of ashlar work in poros was found running in an east-west direction along the south side of the modern road. In front of it, against its north side, lie two cement-lined basins (Plate 14, a). When these were first found and partially examined in 1922 it was suggested that they might be part of a gymnasium of Hellenistic date. At the same time a trial trench XIa by side of the steps was dug down about 0·25 m. into the soft rock below. In 1939 further trials were made behind (to the south of) the western part of the main terrace wall. Trench VII, which was dug to rock, was part of this work. At the same time the curved wall was exposed and part of the ‘votive deposit’ was excavated. The pottery then found, which was lost in the Nauplia Museum during the war, was of the same character as that found in 1952 and described below. In 1952, as part of the programme of exploration on the top and sides of the ridge which runs westward from the Lion Gate, it was decided to clear these ruins completely and study and plan them afresh.

scholarly journals POTENSI PEMANFAATAN ATAP GEDUNG PUSAT PEMERINTAHAN KABUPATEN BADUNG UNTUK PLTS ROOFTOP

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
I Dewa Gde Yaya Putra Pratama ◽  
I Nyoman Satya Kumara ◽  
I Nyoman Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
South Side ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
East West

In the RUPTL PT PLN Years 2017 untill 2026, the goverment aim to reach 5000 MW of PV plant potential in 2025. But, until November 2016, the number of PV plant in Indonesia is around 11 MW. To reach the 5000 MW target, many approach must be use. One of the approach is install PV plant on goverment buildings. Pusat Pemerintahan Kabupaten Badung (Puspem Badung) is a goverment buildings complex which located in Badung Regency, Bali is one of the goverment building that can be use for this approach. This paper aim to know the potency of electrical power dan electrical energy produced by Puspem Badung if the PV plant installed on the north, east, west, and south side of the roof. Electrical energy produced by PV plant is simulated by using System Advisor Model (SAM). From the simulation results, north side of the roof can produce energy of 1.847.361 kWh/year. From the analysis, the total energy that can be produced by PV plant is 6.169.092 kWh/year. This amount can supply Puspem Badung energy need by 124,72 %.

scholarly journals XVII. Description of the mineral bason in the counties of Monmouth, Glamorgan, Brecon, Carmarthen, and Pembroke. By Mr. Edward Martin

1806 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 342-347 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
South Wales ◽  
East And West ◽  
East End

1. The irregular oval line, delineated on the annexed map (Plate XIV.) shows nearly the inner edge of a limestone bason, in which all the strata of coal and iron ore (commonly called Iron Stone) in South Wales are deposited; the length of this bason is upwards of 100 miles, and the average breadth in the counties of Monmouth, Glamorgan, Carmarthen, and part of Brecon, is from 18 to 20 miles, and in Pembrokeshire only from 3 to 5 miles. 2. On the north side of a line, that may be drawn in an east and west direction, ranging nearly through the middle of this bason, all the strata rise gradually northward; and on the south side of this line they rise southward, till they come to the surface, except at the east end, which is in the vicinity of Pontipool, where they rise eastward.

The Authorship of the Inscribed Pillar of Xanthos

1979 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. P. Childs
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
West Side ◽  
South Side ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side

The Inscribed Pillar of Xanthos is the most elaborate example of the Lycian pillar tombs. It is important for its reliefs preserved in London and Istanbul but particularly for the long historical inscription in Lycian which covers the south, east, and half of the north side of the pillar shaft. This is followed on the north side by a Greek epigram and a moderately long inscription on the remainder of the north and the whole west side in Lycian B or Milyan. The date of the pillar is generally placed around 400 B.C. This is based on the style of the reliefs of the upper burial chamber and on the analysis of the historical inscription.The name of the author of the pillar appeared three times in the inscriptions – twice in the Lycian historical inscription (south side or a lines 1 and 29/30) and once in the Greek epigram (north side or c line 24, epigram line 5). Yet in the Lycian the name is missing entirely in both cases and in the Greek only the last two letters are preserved: [ … ]ις. The fact that he is called in the Lycian and Greek the son of Harpagos does not help identify him because this Harpagos is otherwise known only from two inscriptions, one still unpublished. Recently it has been argued by Laroche that the author of the inscription cannot be the formerly favoured Kherẽi (χerẽi) because the space for the name must have contained six letters. Bousquet has also shown that a plausible restoration of the name of the author of the inscription in the Greek epigram is [Gerg]is, the Greek equivalent of Kheriga (χeriga).

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