Resin-Based Materials Protect Against Erosion/Abrasion—a Prolonged In Situ Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-311
Author(s):  
D Rios ◽  
GC Oliveira ◽  
CR Zampieri ◽  
MC Jordão ◽  
EJ Dionisio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bovine Enamel

SUMMARY While patient compliance is key to preventive measures related to dental erosion, the application of resin-based materials could serve as an additional treatment to inhibit erosion progression. This in situ study evaluated the effect of applying resin-based materials, including resin infiltrant, on previously eroded enamel subjected to prolonged erosive and abrasive challenges. The factors under study were types of treatment (infiltrant [Icon], sealant [Helioseal Clear], adhesive [Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus], and control [no treatment]); wear conditions (erosion [ERO] and erosion + abrasion [ERO + ABR]) and challenge time (5 and 20 days) in a single-phase study. The blocks were prepared from bovine enamel, eroded (0.01 M HCl, pH 2.3 for 30 seconds) and randomized among treatments, wear conditions, and volunteers. The application of resin-based materials followed the manufacturers' recommendations. Twenty-one volunteers wore the palatal intraoral device, in which one row corresponded to ERO and the other to ERO + ABR. In each row, all treatments were represented (2 blocks per treatment). For 20 days, the erosive challenge was performed 4 times/day (immersion in 0.01 M HCl, pH 2.3, for 2 minutes) for the ERO condition. For the ERO + ABR condition, two of the erosive challenges were followed by abrasion for 15 seconds with fluoride dentifrice slurry. Enamel and/or material loss was measured using profilometry (initial, after treatment, and after the end of the fifth and 20th days of in situ erosive challenge) and analyzed by ANOVA models and Tukey's test (α=0.05). The results showed that the application of resin-based materials did not cause superficial enamel loss. The infiltrant group showed a thicker layer of material above the enamel compared with the other materials (p=0.001). After the erosive challenge, there was no difference between the conditions ERO and ERO + ABR (p=0.869). All materials protected the enamel against erosion progression compared with the control group (p=0.001). Based on these results, we conclude that the application of resin-based materials results in protection of previously eroded enamel subjected to in situ erosive and abrasive challenge for 20 days.

scholarly journals Influence of toothbrushing on enamel softening and abrasive wear of eroded bovine enamel: an in situ study

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Rios ◽  
Heitor Marques Honório ◽  
Ana Carolina Magalhães ◽  
Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf ◽  
Regina Guenka Palma-Dibb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Enamel Layer ◽  
Student’S T Test

This study assessed the surface softening and abrasive wear of eroded bovine enamel with or without the influence of toothbrushing. Five volunteers took part in this in situ study of 5 days. They wore acrylic palatal appliances containing 6 bovine enamel blocks divided in two rows with 3 blocks, which corresponded to the studied groups: erosion without toothbrushing (GI) and erosion with toothbrushing (GII). The blocks were subjected to erosion by immersion of the appliances in a cola drink for 10 minutes, 4 times a day. After that, no treatment was performed in one row (GI), whereas the other row was brushed (GII). The appliance was then replaced into the mouth. Enamel alterations were determined using profilometry and microhardness tests. Data were tested using paired Student’s t test (p < 0.05). The mean wear values (µm) and percentage of superficial microhardness change (%SMHC) were respectively: GI - 2.77 ± 1.21/91.61 ± 3.68 and GII - 3.80 ± 0.91/58.77 ± 11.47. There was a significant difference in wear (p = 0.001) and %SMHC (p = 0.001) between the groups. It was concluded that the wear was more pronounced when associated to toothbrushing abrasion. However, toothbrushing promoted less %SMHC due to the removal of the altered superficial enamel layer.

scholarly journals Efficacy of fluoride associated with nano-hydroxyapatite in reducing enamel demineralization adjacent to orthodontic brackets: in situ study

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 48-55
Author(s):  
Carina Faleiros Demito ◽  
Julyano Vieira da Costa ◽  
Marina de Lourdes Calvo Fracasso ◽  
Adilson Luiz Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Polarized Light ◽  
Orthodontic Brackets ◽  
Control Group ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Light Group ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess in situ the effect of fluoride associated with nano-hydroxyapatite for the prevention of demineralization of the enamel adjacent to orthodontic brackets. Material and Methods: Eight volunteers wore palatal devices prepared with 6 bovine enamel blocks (5x5x2 mm) with bonded brackets. The volunteers used the devices in two different moments of 14 days each. During the first 14 days, a product containing fluoride + nano-hydroxyapatite was applied twice (experimental group, GNH, n = 48), and for the other 14 days no prevention product was applied (control group, CG, n = 48). In both groups, along the experiment, the blocks were dripped with 20% sucrose eight times daily. After the experiment, all the specimens were sectioned and examined for lesion depth analysis (µm) under polarized light microscopy, and for enamel longitudinal microhardness (measured under the bracket, at 30 µm and at 130 µm from the margin), at seven different depths (10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 90, and 110 µm). Results: Under polarized light, group GNH presented significantly less demineralization depth ( X ¯= 15.01 µm, SD = 33.65) in relation to CG ( X ¯= 76.43 µm, SD = 83.75). Enamel longitudinal microhardness demonstrated significantly higher microhardness for group GNH when compared to CG. Conclusion: Fluoride + nano-hydroxyapatite can be an alternative preventive procedure for demineralization of the enamel adjacent to orthodontic brackets.

scholarly journals The Repercussion of Ai Chi on Aged People’s Balance

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-256
Author(s):  
Pablo Javier Olabe Sánchez ◽  
Andrés Martínez-Almagro Andreo
Keyword(s):  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aged People ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Risk Of Fall ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

To practice strength and balance activities are shown as useful tools to fall prevention by diverse metanalysis. On the other side, aquatic environment offers interesting properties for a therapeutic reeducation, being the Ai Chi one of its applications. Aim: To evaluate the repercussion of an Ai Chi programme on aged people’s balance. Method: A randomized controlled trial was developed comparing two groups formed by aged people with risk of fall according to the Timed Up & Go test. Intervention Group (IG) followed twelve Ai Chi sessions combined with their thermal programme; and Control Group (CG) just followed the thermal programme. Both groups spent two weeks in the Balneario of Archena (Murcia, Spain). Results: Both groups improve their balance; however, only the IG reached the non-risk of fall from the Timed Up & Go test. Conclusions: The combination of Ai Chi sessions and a thermal programme had a positive effect on aged people’s balance, showing a therapeutic and clinical relevance.

scholarly journals Effect of Hydrogen Peroxide at 35% on the Morphology of Enamel and Interference in the De-remineralization Process: An In Situ Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 518-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM de Arruda ◽  
PH dos Santos ◽  
RH Sundfeld ◽  
SB Berger ◽  
ALF Briso
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Histologic Changes

SUMMARY This study evaluated the microhardness and histomorphology of bovine enamel when 35% hydrogen peroxide is used. A total of 44 specimens were adapted to removable devices used by 11 individuals subjected to dental caries challenge. A decrease in microhardness was observed for all groups after the cariogenic challenge. Microscopic analysis revealed that fragments subjected to cariogenic challenge associated with bleaching had more intense superficial histologic changes, but the depth of the lesions remained unchanged. It was concluded that 35% hydrogen peroxide enhanced the reduction in hardness and histomorphologic changes in the enamel surface exposed to cariogenic challenge.

scholarly journals The Effect of Speed Reading on Students’ Reading Comprehension

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Dadan Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Research Finding ◽  
Research Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Speed Reading ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

This research investigated the effect of speed reading on students’ reading comprehension. The writer used quantitative as the research method and used the quasi experiment as a research design. The writer used experimental class to imply the speed reading method and control group for the other technique in teaching reading. For collecting the data the writer gave the pre – test for experimental and control group, then administrated the treatment for experiment class , finally the researcher administrated the post – test to find out the improvement of speed reading method for the student . Based on the writer interpretation it is concluded that hypothesis is accepted.it is suggested that the teacher should imply the speed reading method in teaching reading because research finding proved that speed reading gave more improvement in reading comprehension that the other technique in teaching reading and the speed reading method was more interesting than conventional method.

scholarly journals Viability of using enamel and dentin from bovine origin as a substitute for human counterparts in an intraoral erosion model

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Pedroso Turssi ◽  
Danielle Furtado Messias ◽  
Silmara Milori Corona ◽  
Mônica Campos Serra
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Water ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Human Enamel ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
Human Counterpart ◽  
Real Life Situation ◽  
Root Dentin ◽  
Bovine Enamel

This study ascertained whether under dental erosion models that closely mimics the real-life situation enamel and root dentin from bovine origin would be reliable substitutes for human counterparts. Through a 2x2 crossover design, in a first trial, 14 volunteers wore a palatal device containing slabs of bovine and human enamel. Half of the participants ingested (4x daily, for 10 days) orange juice first, crossing over to mineral water, while the remainder received the reverse sequence. In a second trial, volunteers wore devices with slabs of bovine and human root dentin. Except for the duration of each intraoral phase, which lasted 2 rather 10 days, the experiment with root dentin run exactly as for enamel. Dental substrates were analyzed for surface microhardness. Two-way ANOVAs (α=0.05) indicated no difference between the microhardness values recorded for human and bovine enamel (p=0.1350), but bovine root dentin had lower microhardness compared to its human counterpart (p=0.0432). While bovine enamel can reliably substitute its human counterpart in in situ dental erosion models, bovine root dentin does not seem to be a viable alternative to the corresponding human tissue.

The Erosive Potential of Different Malt Drinks: An in vitro and in situ study

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esber Çaglar ◽  
Sule Kavaloglu Cildir ◽  
Nuket Sandalli
Keyword(s):  
Potential Effect ◽  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Water Control ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Natural Spring ◽  
Erosive Effect

Objectives: Whereas the potential effect of acidic drinks in the etiology of dental erosion is well recognized the role of malt drinks is unclear. The primary aim of the present study was to compare the in vitro erosive effect on enamel produced by different aromated malt drinks. A secondary objective was to compare their erosive effects in situ with those determined in vitro. Materials and methods: To select the malt drink for the study in situ, six commercially available malt drinks were examined for erosive potential in vitro. The study in situ was a single centre, 2-period, 2-treatment crossover study to compare the erosive effect of a commercially available malt drink (Test), with that of natural spring water (Control), over 10 day periods on 10 healthy volunteers. Subjects wore upper removable appliances containing two human enamel specimens from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. The regimen of intake of the drinks was 250 ml at midday. Measurements of enamel loss were made on samples after 5 and 10 days by profilometry. Results: The in situ study showed a statistically significant difference in erosive potential between the test and control beverages. No specimen exposed to the control beverage displayed appreciable erosion. Erosion occurred with the test drink, but to a variable degree between subjects. Conclusions: Malt drinks should be considered as potentially erosive as the results for enamel specimens exposed to the test beverage in the clinical study showed a degree of erosion that varied greatly between different participants. It is likely that under these conditions an increase in the degree of erosion would be observed in children and young people who consume malt drinks.

Remineralizing Potential of a Low Fluoride Toothpaste with Sodium Trimetaphosphate: An in situ Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana M. Takeshita ◽  
Marcelle Danelon ◽  
Luciene P. Castro ◽  
Robson F. Cunha ◽  
Alberto C. B. Delbem
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Fluoride Toothpaste ◽  
Sodium Trimetaphosphate ◽  
In Situ Study ◽  
Bovine Enamel

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a low-fluoride (F) toothpaste supplemented with sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) on enamel remineralization in situ. Design: Bovine enamel blocks were selected on the basis of their surface hardness (SH) after caries-like lesions had been induced, and randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, according to the toothpastes used: without F or TMP (placebo); 500 ppm F; 500 ppm F plus 1% TMP; and 1,100 ppm F. The study design was blinded and crossover and performed in 4 phases of 3 days each. Eleven subjects used palatal appliances containing 4 bovine enamel blocks which were treated 3 times per day during 1 min each time, with natural slurries of saliva and toothpaste formed in the oral cavity during toothbrushing. After each phase, the percentages of surface (%SHR) and subsurface hardness recovery (%ΔKHNR) were calculated. F, calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (Pi) contents in enamel were also determined. Data were analyzed by 1-way, repeated-measures ANOVA, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test (p < 0.05). Results: Toothpaste with 500 ppm F + TMP and 1,100 ppm F showed similar %SHR and %ΔKHNR as well as enamel F, Ca, and Pi concentrations. Conclusion: The addition of TMP to a low-fluoride toothpaste promoted a similar remineralizing capacity to that of a standard (1,100 ppm F) toothpaste in situ.

scholarly journals Can Machine Translation Assist to Prepare for Simultaneous Interpretation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (16) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Ying Qin ◽  
Chunqing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Machine Translation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Simultaneous Interpretation ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

With the rapid development of machine translation, the research of man-machine coordinated translation is drawing much concern. This paper explores roles of machine translation on advance preparation for simultaneous interpreting. We carry out a comparative study on 14 student interpreters, which are divided into experimental group and control group. The students in experimental group are allowed to use machine translation to prepare for a simultaneous interpreting, while the students in control group are not. The experimental results show that errors in machine translation might mislead the student interpreters in the simultaneous interpreting practice. On the other hand, if the time of preparation is limited, it is better not to resort to machine to make preparation because of time-consuming proofreading, or twice the effort would achieve half the result.

scholarly journals Rational Choice of Treatment for Initial Stages of Gonarthrosis in Patients with Systemic Osteoporosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
S. S Rodionova ◽  
N. A Es’kin ◽  
N. Yu Matveeva ◽  
N. S Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Study Drug ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
And Control

Results of open controlled study of 60 outpatients aged 45-70 years, with systemic osteoporosis (postmenopausal and idiopathic) and I-II stages of gonarthrosis by Kellgren - Lawrence classification are presented. All patients were divided into 2 groups: study group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Additional treatment for gonarthrosis (Artra drug for 3 months) was prescribed only to patients from the study group. It was shown that study drug decreased significantly (p

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