Fatigue Investigation of Elastomeric Structures

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Näser ◽  
Michael Kaliske ◽  
Will V. Mars
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Numerical Representation ◽  
Material Force ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Dissipative Effects ◽  
Elastomeric Materials

Abstract Fatigue crack growth can occur in elastomeric structures whenever cyclic loading is applied. In order to design robust products, sensitivity to fatigue crack growth must be investigated and minimized. The task has two basic components: (1) to define the material behavior through measurements showing how the crack growth rate depends on conditions that drive the crack, and (2) to compute the conditions experienced by the crack. Important features relevant to the analysis of structures include time-dependent aspects of rubber’s stress-strain behavior (as recently demonstrated via the dwell period effect observed by Harbour et al.), and strain induced crystallization. For the numerical representation, classical fracture mechanical concepts are reviewed and the novel material force approach is introduced. With the material force approach at hand, even dissipative effects of elastomeric materials can be investigated. These complex properties of fatigue crack behavior are illustrated in the context of tire durability simulations as an important field of application.

Simulation of Fatigue Crack Growth Using XFEM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durlabh Bartaula ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
Smitha Koduru ◽  
Samer Adeeb
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Elastic Material ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Linear Elastic Material ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Cyclic Approach

Abstract Pipelines carrying oil and gas are susceptible to fatigue failure (i.e., unstable fatigue crack propagation) due to fluctuating loading such as varying internal pressure and other external loadings. Fatigue crack growth (FCG) prediction through full-scale pipe tests can be expensive and time consuming, and experimental data is limited particularly in the face of large uncertainty involved. In contrast, numerical simulation techniques (e.g., XFEM) can be alternative to study the FCG, given that numerical models can be theoretically and/or experimentally validated with reasonable accuracy. In this study, capabilities and limitations of existing fatigue analysis code (e.g., direct cyclic approach with XFEM) in Abaqus for low cycle fatigue simulation are explored for compact-tension (CT) specimens and pipelines assuming linear elastic material behavior. The simulated FCG curve for a CT specimen is compared with that obtained from the analytical method using the stress intensity factor prescribed in ASTM E647. However, for real pipelines with elastic-plastic behavior, direct cyclic approach is not suitable, and an indirect cyclic approach is used based on the fracture energy parameters (e.g., J integral) calculated using XFEM in Abaqus. FCG law (e.g., power law relationship like Paris law) is used to generate the fatigue crack growth curve. For comparison, the FCG curve obtained through direct cyclic approach for pipelines assuming linear elastic material is also presented. The comparative studies here indicate that XFEM-based FCG simulation using appropriate techniques can be applied to pipelines for fatigue life prediction.

Effects of Local Grain Orientation on Fatigue Crack Growth in Multicrystalline fcc Metallic Materials

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Peralta ◽  
R. Dickerson ◽  
N. Dellan ◽  
K. Komandur ◽  
M. A. Jameel
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Grain Orientation ◽  
Crack Path ◽  
Orientation Imaging Microscopy ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Anomalous Behavior ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Local Conditions

The anomalous behavior of microstructurally “short” cracks that can control fatigue life at very high cycles can be attributed to the local conditions around these cracks, since the length scale involved requires the consideration of anisotropic material behavior and the effect of changes in grain orientation as the crack grows. The effect of local crystallography was studied in multicrystalline Compact-Tension (CT) specimens of pure nickel and a cast Ni-based superalloy. Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIM) was used to map the crystallography of the grains ahead of the notch. A standard fatigue crack growth test was then carried out to characterize the crack path in relation to the grain orientations. Two extreme cases were identified: at one end cracks grew with small deviations through all the grains ahead of it, whereas at the other end large deflections from a path perpendicular to the applied load were observed. Intergranular cracks were found to prefer high angle boundaries, whereas transgranular cracks had a tendency to nucleate and display stage I growth along slip traces of systems with high Schmid factors, as determined by the uniaxial conditions expected at the notch tips. In addition, crack path tortuosity was more pronounced in grains with loading axes close to 〈111〉. Finally, the influence of changes on slip geometry as cracks moved across grain boundaries is also discussed.

scholarly journals A Study of Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior of HAYNES® 242™ Alloy

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxminarayana Garimella ◽  
Peter K. Liaw ◽  
George Y. Lai ◽  
Dwaine L. Klarstrom
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
R Ratio ◽  
Growth Properties

A study of the variation in fatigue crack propagation behavior with respect to specimen orientation, aging and loading was done for HAYNES® 242™ Alloy. Fatigue crack growth tests were conducted at 650°C in vacuum. Heat treatment of the material resulted in enhanced fatigue crack growth properties. The influence of orientation on the fatigue crack growth properties was found to be minimal, although in some cases, where the notch was oriented perpendicular to the rolling direction, marginal improvement is observed. R-ratio was found to affect the fatigue crack growth behavior significantly. Fatigue crack growth rates increased when the R-ratio was changed from 0 to 0.5 and then decreased when it was further increased to 0.8. Fracture surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy to explain the crack growth behavior. These results have been studied in light of the crack growth characteristics to obtain an understanding of the material behavior when subjected to fatigue loading.

Fatigue Crack Growth Damage in Elastomeric Materials

2009 ◽  
pp. 505-505-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bathias ◽  
K LeGorju ◽  
C Lu ◽  
L Menabeuf
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Elastomeric Materials

A discrete dislocation analysis of fatigue crack growth

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (PR5) ◽  
pp. Pr5-69-Pr5-75
Author(s):  
V. S. Deshpande ◽  
H. H.M. Cleveringa ◽  
E. Van der Giessen ◽  
A. Needleman
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Discrete Dislocation
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