scholarly journals Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) rind extract against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Hendiani ◽  
Agus Susanto ◽  
Dyah Nindita Carolina ◽  
Rahmat Ibrahim ◽  
Felisha Febriane Balatif
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana

Introduction: The main contents of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) is xanthone with antibacterial activity. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) was a gram-negative, facultative anaerobic bacillus that causes periodontal diseases such as localised aggressive periodontitis (LAP). Mangosteen rind extract could inhibit the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans. This study was aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of mangosteen rind extract against A. actinomycetemcomitans. Methods: This study was an experimental and in-vitro study of antimicrobial properties of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.).The extract of mangosteen was made by the maceration method using 70% ethanol solvent. A. actinomycetemcomitans (ATCC 43718) obtained from Laboratorium of Microbiology Airlangga University Surabaya. This study used a microdilution method and analysed using the Enzyme Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (ELISA). The determination of the MIC was measured using the formula for cell inhibition percentage. Three concentrations higher than the MIC standard were cultured on the Mueller Hinton agar. The lowest concentration on agar which was not found any growth of the bacterial colonies was determined as the MBC. Results: The results of this study indicated that the MIC and MBC of mangosteen rind extract against A. actinomycetemcomitans were 195.3 ppm and 1562.5 ppm, respectively. Conclusion: Mangosteen rind extract can inhibit and bactericide the growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PROPOLIS EXTRACT AND PROPOLIS CANDIES ON THE GROWTH OF AGGREGATIBACTER ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS ATCC 43718

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Khodijah Khodijah ◽  
Ratna Farida ◽  
Nurtami Soedarsono
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Spectrophotometric Analysis ◽  
Propolis Extract ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Colony Forming Units

Objective: This experiment aimed to analyze the effect of propolis extract and propolis containing candies on the growth of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans using spectrophotometric analysis and colony-forming units (CFU) counts.Methods: After A. actinomycetemcomitans were exposed to propolis extract and candies, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined with spectrophotometry and post-exposure colony counting.Results: The MIC of propolis extract against A. actinomycetemcomitans was determined to be 10%, and the MBC was 20%. A decrease in the total CFU count of A. actinomycetemcomitans was observed after propolis extract and candy exposure.Conclusions: Propolis extract and propolis candies were effective in inhibiting the growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 43718 in vitro.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Properties of Local Malaysian Trigona Sp. Honey Towards Different of Pathogenic Bacteria in Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Fawzia Jassim Shalsh ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed Khalaf ◽  
Mohammed Hafiz ◽  
Imad Ibrahim Ali
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Test

Honey is one of the oldest natural medicines known with a very high therapeutic value. Nowadays, in the medical field, several important therapeutic effects of honey have been elucidated. This study was conducted to reveal the antimicrobial activity of the commercially available local Malaysian Trigona sp. honey towards different pathogenic bacteria specifically Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. The Minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum bactericidal concentration were determined by the disc-diffusion test and agar well diffusion test. Different concentration of the honey was tested in the disc-diffusion and agar well diffusion test. The results of these tests were in terms of Inhibition zone diameter. The results obtained from the current study are the dilution of different concentration of honey from Trigona sp. are very significant because the only net concentration of both of honey Trigon a sp. possessed antimicrobial properties in term of Minimum inhibitory concentration) and Minimum bactericidal concentration. The result also can say that Trigona sp. honey possessed antibacterial properties and can be used as alternative medicine in the veterinary field in the future.

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTIVENESS TEST OF RAMANIA LEAVES (Bouea macrophylla Griffith) FLAVONOIDS EXTRACT ON Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans BACTERIA CAUSING AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Noor Khalishah ◽  
Beta Widya Oktiani ◽  
Rosihan Adhani
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Control Group Design

ABSTRACTBackground: Aggressive periodontitis is a disease that is mostly suffered by young patients with minimal local factors. The prevalence of this disease is approximately 8% in Indonesia, where Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans bacteria are presented as dominant bacteria in this disease. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a gram-negative bacterium that is sensitive to flavonoids. Ramania leaves are natural substances which contain flavonoids. Flavonoids in ramania leaves can be applied as an antibacterial substance. Objectives: The objectives of this research are to determine and analyze the minimum inhibitory concentration and the minimum bactericidal concentration of flavonoids extract from ramania leaves at the concentration of 0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%, and analyze the antibacterial effectiveness on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Methods: True experimental design with pre and post-test with control group design was applied in this study. Antibacterial test using broth and agar dilution method was performed in a total of 5 treatment groups with 6 repetitions. Results:  All exract at 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5% concentration demonstrated the ability to inhibit bacterial growth, and the minimum bactericidal concentration was found at 0.5% concentration. Result test for One way ANNOVA on minimum inhibitory concentration and Kruskal wallis test on minimum bactericidal concentration exhibited significant value of less than 0.05 presenting significant differences in some groups. Conclusion:  Minimum inhibitory concentration of ramania leaves flavonoid extract is effective on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans at the concentration of 0.1% and minimum bactericidal concentration of ramania leaves flavonoid extract is more effective at the concentration of 0.5%.Keywords: Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans, Aggressive Periodontitis, Dilution Method, Flavonoids, Ramania Leaves.

scholarly journals In vitro antibacterial activity of shrimp chitosan against Salmonela paratyphi and Staphylococcus aureus

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Monarul Islam ◽  
Shah Md Masum ◽  
Khandaker Rayhan Mahbub
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Antimicrobial properties of chitosan extracted from indigenous shrimp processing waste were determined against one gram-negative (Salmonella Paratyphi) and one gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus) in vitro. The antimicrobial activities of chitosan were explored by calculation of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) in media supplemented with 128, 138, 168, 192, 240, 288, 300 and 320 ppm chitosan solution adjusted to pH 6 or 7. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the prepared chitosan was 288 and 300 ppm for both bacterial strains.  These results indicate that chitosan from indigenous shrimp processing waste could be used as an effective antibacterial agent in the food industry. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcs.v24i2.9707 Journal of Bangladesh Chemical Society, Vol. 24(2), 185-190, 2011

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Efficacy of Fruit Peels Eco-Enzyme against Enterococcus faecalis: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5107
Author(s):  
Hetal Ashvin Kumar Mavani ◽  
In Meei Tew ◽  
Lishen Wong ◽  
Hsu Zenn Yew ◽  
Alida Mahyuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
The One

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), an effective endodontic irrigant against Enterococcus faecalis (EF), is harmful to periapical tissues. Natural pineapple-orange eco-enzymes (M-EE) and papaya eco-enzyme (P-EE) could be potential alternatives. This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of M-EE and P-EE at different concentrations and fermentation periods against EF, compared to 2.5% NaOCl. Fermented M-EE and P-EE (3 and 6 months) at various concentrations were mixed with EF in a 96-well plate incubated for 24 h anaerobically. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of M-EE and P-EE were determined via EF growth observation. EF inhibition was quantitatively measured and compared between different irrigants using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and different fermentation periods using the independent-samples T-test. M-EE and P-EE showed MIC at 50% and MBC at 100% concentrations. There was no significant difference in antimicrobial effect when comparing M-EE and P-EE at 50% and 100% to 2.5% NaOCl. P-EE at 6 months fermentation exhibited higher EF inhibition compared to 3 months at concentrations of 25% (p = 0.017) and 0.78% (p = 0.009). The antimicrobial properties of M-EE and P-EE, at both 100% and 50% concentrations, are comparable to 2.5% NaOCl. They could therefore be potential alternative endodontic irrigants, but further studies are required.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Hemolytic Activity of Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus Venom

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida ◽  
Saudy Consepcion Flores-Aguilar ◽  
Liliana Mireya Aguilar-Castro ◽  
Ana Lizet Morales-Ubaldo ◽  
Benjamín Valladares-Carranza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Hemolytic Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
First Time

Rattlesnakes have venoms with a complex toxin mixture comprised of polypeptides and proteins. Previous studies have shown that some of these polypeptides are of high value for the development of new medical treatments. The aim of the present study is to evaluate, in vitro, the antibacterial and hemolytic activity of Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus venoms. A direct field search was conducted to obtain Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus venom samples. These were evaluated to determine their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through the techniques of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Hemolytic activity was also determined. Antibacterial activity was determined for treatments (Crotalus triseriatus 2) CT2 and (Crotalus ravus 3) CR3, obtaining a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of 50 µg/mL and a Minimum Bactericidal Concentration of 100 µg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CT1 (Crotalus triseriatus 1), CT2, and CR3 presented hemolytic activity; on the other hand, Crotalus ravus 4 (CR4) did not show hemolytic activity. The results of the present study indicate for the first time that Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus venoms contain some bioactive compounds with bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa which could be used as alternative treatment in diseases caused by this pathogenic bacterium.

scholarly journals Klebsiella pneumoniae Planktonic and Biofilm Reduction by Different Plant Extracts: In Vitro Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Paula-Ramos ◽  
Carlos Eduardo da Rocha Santos ◽  
Daphne Camargo Reis Mello ◽  
Lígia Nishiama Theodoro ◽  
Felipe Eduardo De Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Chlorhexidine Digluconate ◽  
Planktonic Form ◽  
Microdilution Broth

This study evaluated the action of Pfaffia paniculata K., Juglans regia L., and Rosmarius officinalis L. extracts against planktonic form and biofilm of Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 4352). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concentration (MMC) values were determined for each extract by microdilution broth method, according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Next, antimicrobial activity of the extracts on biofilm was analyzed. For this, standardized suspension at 107 UFC/mL of K. pneumoniae was distributed into 96-well microplates (n=10) and after 48 h at 37°C and biofilm was subjected to treatment for 5 min with the extracts at a concentration of 200 mg/mL. ANOVA and Tukey tests (5%) were used to verify statistical significant reduction (p<0.05) of planktonic form and biofilm. P paniculata K., R. officinalis L., and J. regia L. showed reductions in biomass of 55.6, 58.1, and 18.65% and cell viability reduction of 72.4, 65.1, and 31.5%, respectively. The reduction obtained with P. paniculata and R. officinalis extracts was similar to the reduction obtained with chlorhexidine digluconate 2%. In conclusion, all extracts have microbicidal action on the planktonic form but only P. paniculata K. and R. officinalis L. were effective against biofilm.

scholarly journals An in vitro Study to determine the Effect of Terminalia chebula Extract and Its Formulation on Streptococcus mutans

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma S Nayak ◽  
Sharda C Metgud ◽  
Uday Kumar Bolmal
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Hydroethanolic Extract

ABSTRACT Aim Many weapons are available in the arsenal of a dental professional to combat dental caries, which is almost ubiquitously present. From a public health perspective, most of these weapons are far from being an ideal drug. Hence, there is a demand for better and effective antibacterial agents. This factor stimulated the process of the present study. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula on Streptococcus mutans. Materials and methods Dried ripe fruits of Terminalia chebula were procured and powdered. Physical tests were done to estimate purity of the fruit powder. Hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared according to standard procedures. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts was determined by tube dilution method and confirmed by agar dilution method. The effect of the hydroethanolic extract on sucrose induced adhesion, glucan-induced aggregation and on glycolysis of Streptococcus mutans was also assessed. Preservative, gelling agent and sweetener were added in suitable quantities to the ethanol extract, and mouthrinse was formulated. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the formulation was also determined. Results Yield was better in case of aqueous extract. The Minimum inhibitory concentration of hydroethanolic extract was determined to be 2.5%. Minimum inhibitory concentration of the aqueous extract was determined to be 10%. Hydroethanolic extract of Terminalia chebula (2.5%) inhibited sucrose induced adherence and aggregation of Streptococcus mutans in vitro. Conclusion The mouthrinse formulated from ethanol extract of Terminalia chebula demonstrated substantial antibacterial activity and could be used as an effective anticaries agent. Clinical Significance Terminalia chebula mouthrinse can be effectively used in clinical practice as an anticaries mouthrinse with additional benefit being that it is safe and economical. How to cite this article Nayak SS, Ankola AV, Metgud SC, Bolmal UK. An in vitro Study to determine the Effect of Terminalia chebula Extract and Its Formulation on Streptococcus mutans. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(3):278-282.

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