Using the Knowledge-and-Appraisal Personality Architecture to Predict Self-Efficacy within Individual Persons

2008 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-410
Author(s):  
James B. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Descriptive Attribute ◽  
Recreation Activities

The knowledge-and-appraisal personality architecture has potential as a theoretical framework for understanding the formation of self-efficacy in individuals. Two patterns were observed within 14 of 17 individual persons: a pattern of strong self-efficacy was displayed across outdoor recreation activities for which a self-descriptive attribute was viewed as an asset to successful performances, and a pattern of relatively weak self-efficacy was observed across outdoor recreation activities for which the same attribute was considered a hindrance to performances. Although the theory predicts self-efficacy within individuals, more research is needed to assess why the theory is not accurate in all cases.

Adolescent Sexual Abstinence: A Test of an Integrative Theoretical Framework

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R. Buhi ◽  
Patricia Goodson ◽  
Torsten B. Neilands ◽  
Heather Blunt
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Eighth Graders ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Sexual Abstinence ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
Sexually Abstinent ◽  
Time Point

The purpose of this study was to test an integrative theoretical framework in explaining adolescents’ sexual abstinence and intentions to remain abstinent and refine the framework to reflect which elements contribute more powerfully to the explanation of abstinence and intentions. We administered an anonymous, theory-based questionnaire to two nonrandom samples of seventh- and eighth-graders ( n = 451 and 447, respectively). Measurement modeling provided sufficient evidence for establishing construct validity. A refined structural equation model demonstrated good fit. Pro-abstinence standards predicted stronger beliefs toward staying abstinent, stronger perceptions that others endorse pro-abstinence norms, and a greater self-efficacy to remain sexually abstinent until marriage. In turn, beliefs, norms, and self-efficacy were predictive of intentions, which predicted sexual abstinence at a later time point. Similar findings emerged in a replication using a second set of sample data. Results suggest that this integrative theoretical framework is useful in explaining adolescents’ intention and their subsequent sexual abstinence.

Outdoor Recreation Participation and Environmental Concern: A Research Summary

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen Newhouse Berns ◽  
Steven Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Direct Experience ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Recreation Participation ◽  
Recreation Activities

Many experiential educators assume that participation in outdoor recreation creates an awareness and commitment to the environment through direct experience. This research summary looks to whether the research supports such an assumption. Specifically it reviews the key literature on this topic, examines the various classifications of outdoor recreation activities, discusses environmental terminology, and offers suggestions for future research directions.

Student Awareness of University Adventure Programs: Understanding Motivations and Constraints

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Flood ◽  
Christopher Parker
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Adventure Programs ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Recreation Activities

Participation rates among college students in adventure programs (AP) have been problematic in recent years. While AP managers focus on the quality of programs offered to students, little effort has addressed reducing constraints to participation, improving program offerings, and effectively marketing AP at colleges and universities. The purpose of this investigation was to identify the constraints and motivations to AP participation. A survey was administered to 193 college students. Overall, respondents were motivated to participate in outdoor recreation activities that included males wanting to observe others, teach others, and experience thrills, while females wanted to be with companions and to receive physical and emotional benefits. Even though both males and females identified lack of time and money as major constraints, they also identified stress and demands of life as constraints. To enhance participation, AP managers need to emphasize the physical and psychological benefits that can potentially reduce stress.

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