Roles of Interpersonal Contact and Verbal Content in Abstract Thinking Deficits of Schizophrenics

1973 ◽  
Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1023-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Interpersonal Interaction ◽  
Abstract Thinking ◽  
Interpersonal Contact ◽  
Verbal Stimuli ◽  
Design Object ◽  
Verbal Content ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Category Tests

Previous research has suggested that the well-publicized loss of abstract ability by schizophrenics may reflect their difficulties with interpersonal communication rather than abstraction deficits per se. To test this hypothesis, the performance of process schizophrenics, reactive schizophrenics, and normals were compared on four Proverbs tests which varied in the amount of interpersonal communication they entailed. Also, to test the hypothesis that the abstraction deficits reflect only difficulties with verbal stimuli, the performance of the three groups was compared on abstraction tests composed of nonverbal stimuli (the Block Design, Object Assembly, and Category tests) and verbal symbols (the Proverbs tests). The results suggest that abstract thinking deficits in schizophrenics are more prominent in tasks composed of verbal stimuli. However, the results did not support the view that either autism or loss of ability to abstract in adult schizophrenics increases peculiarly with the amount of interpersonal interaction built into the task.

Speed as a Variable on Three Wisc Performance Subtests

1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Woo-Sam ◽  
Irla Lee Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Power Function ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Handicapped Child ◽  
Normal Intelligence ◽  
Design Object ◽  
Picture Arrangement ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Test Materials ◽  
Performance Results

This study tested the hypothesis that for younger children of normal intellect, speed of performance plays a minimal if not negligible role in determining the obtained scores on the Block Design, Object Assembly, and Picture Arrangement subtests. It was further argued that if such were the case, then it was not necessary to exclude these subtests in the evaluation of the orthopedically handicapped child capable of manipulating the test materials. Under these circumstances, a poor showing could not be attributed to loss of bonus credits because of slow performance. Results based on five groups of children of normal intelligence ages 7 1/2 through 13 1/2 yr. ( N = 119) indicate that the Block Design and Object Assembly subtests essentially measure a power function through age 10 1/3. Speed is a determinant by age 13 1/2. On the Picture Arrangement subtest, the power function holds only at age 7 1/2. However, a score within normal limits is possible without speed bonuses through age 9 1/2.

scholarly journals AN INVESTIGATION ON HETEROSIS, GENERAL AND SPECIFIC COMBINING ABILITY FOR POD YIELD AND ITS CONTRIBUTING PARAMETERS IN OKRA [ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS (L.) MOENCH]

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 334-341
Author(s):  
Shailesh Kapadia ◽  
◽  
Kirti Patel ◽  
P.K. Patel ◽  
Mempal D. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Abelmoschus Esculentus ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Almost All

The heterosis and combining ability studies were conducted by utilizing modified Line X Tester mating design involving 6 Lines and 9 testers of Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]. The breeding material involving fifty four F1 hybrids along with 15 parents with one commercial check were evaluated during Kharif 2020 in a Randomized Block Design (R.B.D.) with three replications at Research Centre of Goldking Biogene Private Limited with an aim to estimate the magnitude of heterosis and to identify the good parents and good hybrid combinations for pod yield and other quantitative traits. Among the parents GKOF-1, GKOF-5 and GOM-7 were found to be good general combiners for pod yield per plot. Among the lines GKOF-3, GKOF-4 and GKOF-6 and testers GKOM-4, GKOM-5, GKOM-7 and GKOM-9 were found to be involved in exhibiting significant sca effects for almost all characters. Among the crosses GKOF-2 X GKOM-5, GKOF-1 X GKOM-8 and GKOF-6 X GKOM-7 exhibited high per se performance for pod yield per plot. Further the cross GKOF-1 X GKOM-7, GKOF-4 X GKOM-9 and GKOF-6 X GKOM-4 revealed highest positively significant sca effects for pod yield per plot.

scholarly journals Interpersonal Communication in Medical Profession on the Example of Physiotherapists

2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Anna Matyja ◽  
Karina Stój
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Problem Area ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Interpersonal Contact ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
The People

Abstract Introduction. The article introduces the reader into the problem area, based on interpersonal relationships between physiotherapists and patients. Aim. The aim of the study is to learn the factors determining the quality of physiotherapeutic services. The research was carried out in relation to verbal and non-verbal aspects of contact between physiotherapists and patients. Material and method. The method used in the study was a quantitative survey based on a questionnaire. Results. Ninety-six percent of respondents state that they have no problems with making interpersonal contact with patients. Fifty-three percent of them show interest in patients during the dialogue and the remaining group only initiates the contact and limits it to personal creativity. The research shows that the gender of the respondents does not significantly affect the ways of showing interest in patients. However, the length of service differentiates their approach to patients as well as the age of the patients themselves. Discussion. Communication in a profession of physiotherapist refers to the personal preferences and interpersonal skills of the respondents, which can be determined by a specific style of their work. In addition, significantly it is determined by the level of education of future physical therapists, which was mentioned not only by the people in this study, but also in the studies cited in the literature included in the discussion. Conclusions.The quality of physiotherapy services is determined not only by instrumental preparation of a physiotherapist but also by expression that results from the interpersonal contact. Physiotherapists are aware of building relationships during the first contact. Therefore, they try to make a positive impression. In such way, the quality of treatment can be increased.

scholarly journals SOCIOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEAM INTERACTION OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DIFFERENT EXPRESSION OF A FIELD-DEPENDENT COGNITIVE STYLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Irina Ivanovna Shoshina ◽  
Elena Evgenievna Chauzova
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Field Dependence ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Polar Field ◽  
Interpersonal Interaction ◽  
Field Independence ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Team Interaction ◽  
Field Dependent

Background: The effectiveness of team interaction is often assessed through sociometric indicators, namely sociometric status and emotional reciprocity. At the same time, interpersonal interaction is a cognitive process, since it includes such mental processes as perception, categorization, thinking, speech, etc., which serve for information processing. These individual differences in the way information is processed underlie the concept of cognitive styles. Therefore, cognitive styles can hypothetically be considered as characteristics of interpersonal interaction and a predictor of its effectiveness. Aim: The paper aims to determine the sociometric characteristics of the effectiveness of team interaction of persons with different degree of the field-dependent cognitive style. Materials and methods. To assess field-dependence/field-independence, the Gottschaldt Embedded Figures method was used. The effectiveness of team interaction was assessed using the Moreno small group study method. Statistical analysis was performed with the Mann-Whitney test using IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Results. It was found that persons with a mobile field-dependent cognitive style had a significantly higher hierarchical position and a stable position in the system of nterpersonal relations compared with persons with a polar field-dependent cognitive style. Evidence was obtained on the splitting of field dependence into polar field-dependent and mobile field-dependent styles. Conclusion. Field-dependence/field-independence can be considered as one of the basic inner qualities of a person's intellectual activity, which influences his/her behavior and interpersonal communication.

scholarly journals Heterosis, Combining Ability, Genetic Diversity and their Interrelationship in Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Chandra ◽  
S.K. Verma ◽  
A.K. Gaur ◽  
C. Bisht ◽  
A. Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Block Design ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Correlation Result ◽  
Per Se

Background: The development of superior hybrids is must to break the existing yield plateau ( less than 800 kg/ha) in pigeonpea and hence, the genetic mechanism governing the heterosis in pigeonpea must be decoded. Methods: The present study was laid down using randomized block design during kharif 2018-19 at GBPUAT, Pantnagar with 36 genotypes (8 parents and 28 F1 hybrids) of pigeonpea. The estimates of combining ability were evaluated by using the Griffing’s, Method II, Model I. The observations recorded for yield and related traits were subjected to the estimation of genetic diversity (GD) using the D2 statistics. The correlation between heterosis and different parameters viz., parental mean (PM), specific combining ability (SCA), mean of general combining ability (MGCA) and genetic diversity (GD) were estimated by using Pearson’s correlation. Result: High estimates of SCA variance and more than unity ( greater than 1) average degree of dominance for all the characters indicated the presence of over dominance. The SCA followed by MGCA were found to be most reliable parameters to predict the heterosis. The parents having high x low or high x high per se performance, good x poor GCA effects and with medium genetic diversity resulted in high frequency of heterotic hybrids.

scholarly journals Quantifying interpersonal contact in the United States during the spread of COVID-19: first results from the Berkeley Interpersonal Contact Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis M. Feehan ◽  
Ayesha Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Interpersonal Interaction ◽  
Interpersonal Contact ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
First Results

AbstractBy the start of April 2020, the majority of people living in the United States were under orders to dramatically restrict their daily activities in order to reduce transmission of the virus that can cause COVID-19. These strong social distancing measures will be effective in controlling the spread of the virus only if they are able to reduce the amount of close interpersonal contact in a population. It is therefore crucial for researchers and policymakers to empirically measure the extent to which these policies have actually reduced interpersonal interaction. We created the Berkeley Interpersonal Contact Study (BICS) to help achieve this goal. Here, we report the first set of BICS results, based on data collected in the United States between March 22, 2020 and April 8, 2020. We find evidence that rates of interpersonal contact have greatly been reduced at all ages in the United States.

scholarly journals Screening of Elephant Grass Genotypes Following Some Agro-marphological Traits Related to Biomass Production in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ana Kesia Faria Vidal ◽  
Rogério Figueiredo Daher ◽  
Rafael Souza Freitas ◽  
Wanessa Francesconi Stida ◽  
Flávio Dessaune Tardin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Computational Resources

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the behavior per se of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum Shum) hybrids for energy purposes by means of morpho-agronomic traits in four evaluation sections. An experiment in randomized block design with three replicates was applied to evaluate the hybrids. The plot consisted of a 15-m row with 1.50-m row spacing, and 1.50-m spacing between plants. The usable area was composed of the five central plants. It was evaluated Number of tillers per clump; Stem diameter; Plant height; Plant dry matter yield; and Percentage of dry matter. Computational resources from the GENES Program were used to analyze the results. In both cuts, the H7, H11, and H14 hybrids was superior to the others in the four evaluation cuts for all evaluated characteristics, proving to be a potential genotype to be used for energy biomass production.

Communicating Electronically When Too Far Away to Visit

2011 ◽  
pp. 365-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeynep Cemalcilar
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Interpersonal Contact ◽  
Life Project ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Social ◽  
Home Computers

Interpersonal communication is the number one use of home computers (the Pew Internet & American Life Project, 2001). Despite the growing literature, there is still debate about the social and psychological effects of CMC use, especially regarding its impact on interpersonal relationships. In this chapter, I discuss the use of CMCs for maintenance of long-distance interpersonal relationships and for exchange of social support when individuals have limited availability for personal face-to-face contact. A summary of recent research examining the prevalence of CMC use by people on the go or in transitions is presented, followed by a discussion of the effects of this communication medium on their daily functioning. Then, specific features of online communications that make them favorable over other mediums for interpersonal contact with both nearby and distant social network members are discussed.

Stability analysis for various quantitative traits insoybean [Glycine max (L.) merrill]

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjan Tiwari ◽  
Kamendra Singh ◽  
Pushpendra ◽  
N. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Stability Performance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Yield Component Traits

The present investigation was carried out to study stability performance over twelve environments for yield and yield contributing characters in twenty two genetically diverse genotypes of soybean using a randomized complete block design. The partitioning of (environment + genotype x environment) mean squares showed that environments (linear) differed significantly and were quite diverse with regards to their effects on the performance of genotypes for yield and its components. Stable genotypes were identified for wider and specific environments with high per se performance (over general mean) for majority of yield component traits. The investigation revealed that the genotypes ABL 55, ABL 20, ABL 62 and ABL 45 were desirable and stable across the environments for different yield contributing traits. Other genotypes ABL 43 and ABL 17 were found to be suitable for favourable situations, while genotypes ABL19 were adapted to poor environments for yield and majority of yield contributing traits.

Effects of Content Verbalness and Intangibility on Schizophrenics' Deficits in Abstract Thinking

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1115-1118
Author(s):  
Charles G. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Verbal Stimulus ◽  
Abstract Thinking ◽  
Per Se

Earlier research has suggested that schizophrenics' deficits on conceptual tasks could reflect special difficulties with verbal or intangible stimuli rather than inability to abstract correctly per se. The performance of process and reactive schizophrenics on similarities tests varying in verbalness and intangibility of stimuli was compared to that of nonschizophrenic psychiatric patients. No special deficits associated with verbal stimulus presentation or stimulus intangibility appeared in either process or reactive samples.

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