scholarly journals The Representation of Women and Female Mobility in Hungarian Films between 1931 and 1944

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-221
Author(s):  
Györgyi Vajdovich
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Upward Mobility ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Female Protagonists ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
The Social ◽  
Female Figures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Narrative Patterns ◽  
And Gender

AbstractGyörgyi Vajdovich’s article aims to describe the representation of female roles in Hungarian feature films of the period 1931 to 1944. The study is based on the analysis of the database that was created within the framework of the research project The Social History of Hungarian Cinema. Concentrating on the representation of female protagonists, this article first analyses the presence and prevalence of female figures in all Hungarian sound films (up until 2015). Then it narrows the scope of analysis to films produced between 1931 and 1944, and describes the typical professions and social and financial positions of female protagonists, as compared to those of male protagonists. The second half of the text examines the representation of female upward mobility in comedies – showing that according to the popular myths of the era, female upward mobility is principally realized through good marriage, with the narratives of the films rarely presenting the professional success of female protagonists and their possibilities of emancipation. Analysing the narrative patterns and gender roles in the films of the time, the text concludes that the narratives of female ascension, which mostly took form in comedies, reflected the desire of middle-class people to transgress the social and financial boundaries in society. As such, the films served to maintain and strengthen the patriarchal order of the era.

Social History in Greece: New Perspectives

2008 ◽  
Vol 34-35 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 101-130
Author(s):  
Yannis Yannitsiotis
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Political System ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
Class A ◽  
Economic Phenomenon ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Greek Historiography ◽  
And Gender

This article focuses on the evolution of Greek historiography since the 1970s, with an emphasis on issues of class and gender. It is argued that, in the last decades, Greek historiography has been liberated from traditional nationalistic narratives in favor of new intellectual perspectives dealing with social history and the history of “society.” During the 1970s and 1980s, the concept of class—a fundamental concern of social history in European historiography—did not find much room in Greek historiography. Debates about the socioeconomic and political system in modern Greece focused on the importance of immobile political and economic structures as main barriers to modernization and Europeanization. The 1990s were marked by the renewal of the study of the “social,” articulated around two main methodological and theoretical axes, signaling the shift from structures to agency. The first was the conceptualization of class as both a cultural and economic phenomenon. The second was the introduction of gender. The recent period is characterized by the proliferation of studies that conceptualize the “social” through the notion of culture, evoking the historical construction of human experience and talking about the unstable, malleable, and ever changing content of human identities. Cultural historians examine class, gender, ethnicity, and race in their interrelation and treat these layers of identity as processes in the making and not as coherent and consolidated systems of reference.

scholarly journals “Male” and “Female”: Gender in the Focus of Domestic Historical Research (Course Materials “Fundamentals of Cultural Anthropology”)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Maria V. Vasekha ◽  
Elena F. Fursova
Keyword(s):  
Gender Studies ◽  
Social History ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Gender History ◽  
Course Materials ◽  
The Social ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

Purpose. The article presents a brief overview of the 30-year period of the development of Russian gender studies and reviews the state of gender studies in Siberia in the last decade. Results. The authors came to the conclusion that the gender approach in Russia was very successful in the field of historical disciplines, especially in historical feminology and women’s studies. The authors analyze the emergence of various areas within this issue, the key topics and approaches that have been developed in the Russian humanities. The main directions were reflected in the anniversary collection digest on gender history and anthropology “Gender in the focus of anthropology, family ethnography and the social history of everyday life” (2019). Conclusion. The authors describe the current position of Siberian gender studies and conclude that gender issues in Siberia are less active in comparison with the European part of Russia. In recent years, Siberian researchers have increasingly replaced the category of “gender” with neutral categories of “family research”, “female”, “male”, and so on. More often researchers choose “classical” historical problems raised in historical science before the “humanitarian renaissance”, which began in the 1990s in Russia. In modern gender studies in the Siberian region, the capabilities of critical feminist optics and gender methodology are rarely used, and queer-issues are not developed.

Race, Gender, and Space Exploration: A Chapter in the Social History of the Space Age

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIM MCQUAID
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Social History ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

An era of space explorations and an era of expanded civil rights for racial minorities and women began simultaneously in the United States. But such important social changes are very rarely discussed in relation to each other. Four recent books on how the US astronaut program finally opened to women and minorities in 1978 address a key part of this connection, without discussing the struggles that compelled the ending of traditional race and gender exclusions. This essay examines the organizational and political dynamics of how civil rights in employment came to the US civilian space program in the decades after 1970.

Punishment, Welfare and Gender Ordering in Queensland, 1920–1940

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-329
Author(s):  
Kerry Wimshurst
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Female Offenders ◽  
Social Stability ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
State Punishment ◽  
Human Wellbeing ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

This study investigates the relationships between penality (or official approaches to punishment) and welfare thinking that emerged in Queensland in the interwar years. Penality came to focus upon concerns about gender ordering and, in particular, those conceptions of “familied” masculinity and femininity which (supposedly) enhanced human wellbeing and social stability during a time of economic and social distress. Yet while state punishment selectively sanctioned and worked towards reinforcing particular masculine and feminine constructs, the “correctional” outcomes for various categories of male and female offenders in terms of their lived experiences were very different: determined not only by gender but also along lines of age and family arrangements. Three major strands of penal philosophy — the domestic, work ethic and medical approaches — coexisted between the wars and their overlap, seen perhaps more clearly in the case of women, compounded the gendered nature of ‘penality as welfare’. Attention to specific regimes in the social history of punishment reminds us of the need to appreciate the often complex interplay between systems of punishment and welfare.

Fort Napier

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Dominy
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
British Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gender Hierarchy ◽  
History Of ◽  
African Soil ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Settler Society ◽  
Distinctive Role

This book traces the social history of the imperial garrison in the Colony of Natal in order to elucidate the reproduction, adaptation, and modification of Victorian British society on southern African soil. More specifically, it examines the divisions in colonial society and the influence of the garrison in shaping those divisions. The book considers a number of interrelated themes: class and gender, hierarchy and discipline, race and labor, pageantry and government, and the economic impact of garrisons and their costs. These themes are contextualized in relation to the distinctive role of Fort Napier as a garrison center. This chapter compares Fort Napier with other garrisons worldwide, including those in Gibraltar, Halifax, and Montreal; the jailer garrisons in Australia; and the garrison in New Zealand. It argues that Fort Napier and its garrison are unique because they influenced not only a settler society but also a major African society.

scholarly journals Up the Slope. Women’s Mobility Stories in Post-Transition Hungarian Cinema

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-250
Author(s):  
Beja Margitházi
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social History ◽  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Gravitational Force ◽  
Downward Mobility ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Collapse Of Communism ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data

AbstractUsing data and statistics obtained in the research project The Social History of Hungarian Cinema (1931–2015), this study investigates the upward and downward mobility movements of women in the Hungarian films made after the regime change. The political transition following the collapse of communism radically altered the economic and social structure of Hungarian society. The social experiences of losses and failures, as well as the closing social structure are reflected directly and explicitly in many Hungarian films made between 1990 and 2015. With the help of Bernard Weiner’s social attribution theory for describing failure and success, the article analyses the narratives of these films in terms of the extent to which and the proportion that they are attributed to inner, individual dispositions or external circumstances. Based on this approach, the author states that female heroines in these movies appear to move “up the slope,” as they are pulled down not only by the gravitational force of economic and social crises, but also by the lack of emancipation and gender equality.

Greek History

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-318
Author(s):  
Kostas Vlassopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Social History ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
Greek History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Class Status ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Interactionist Approach

I commence this review with a major contribution to the social history of classical Athens. Athenian social history is traditionally focused on polarities of class, status, and gender; while these polarities were obviously important, it is equally significant to adopt an interactionist approach and explore the shape of encounters between people belonging to the same or different groups. Rafał Matuszewski has chosen to focus on the interactions and communication between male Athenian citizens: in particular, the various spaces in which those interactions took place, as well as the means of communication. As regards the spaces, he explores in detail the noisy streets, the Agora, the various shops, workshops, and places of commensality and entertainment, the baths, the gymnasia, and the palaestrae. This is an excellent synthesis of a large number of social spaces in classical Athens, which have never been explored in the same detail as, for example, sanctuaries and cemeteries. Equally fascinating is the second part of the work and its detailed exploration of the body as a means of communication, alongside elements of material culture like clothes, houses, and graves. The wealth of material that is collected and examined and the interactionist framework employed have the potential to revolutionize how we study Greek social and cultural history; it is to be hoped that Anglophone readers will make the effort to engage seriously with this important German book.

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