Un triangle traductologique

Translationes ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-René Ladmiral
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
History Plays ◽  
Research Triangle ◽  
Methodological Research ◽  
Couple Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Or History ◽  
Three Components

Abstract The new discipline of translation studies clearly finds itself downstream among humanities and traditional disciplines. Essentially interdisciplinary, this “science” lends those major disciplines a fair amount of its methods and concepts. Within this interdisciplinary concert, history plays a crucial role: history of translation (or history of translations) and history as such. Therefore, a methodological research triangle must integrate the following three components: a) translation studies theory; b) different translation practices that form its object of study and which it is called upon to clarify; c) the poles of the couple theory / practice will be re-situated in the logic of their respective common history.

Comparative Literature versus Translation Studies: Close Encounters of the Third Kind?

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIEVEN D'HULST
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Literature ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Literary Networks

Translation has probably become the dominant means of communication between European literatures and, in consequence, may be considered a privileged object of study for Comparative Literature. Yet the complex nature of translation has hardly been recognized as an interlingual as well as an intralingual and intersemiotic operation. Translation between literatures covers two possible directions and should be labelled accordingly as either ‘intranslation’ or ‘extranslation’. In order to understand the complex roles all these translation forms have played during the history of European literatures and of European interliterary contacts, an explanatory model is needed that links the study of literatures and of interliterary relations: according to systems theory, literatures are to be understood as complex networks of relations that regulate both their internal structure and relations with other systems. Examples of translation figures and of translation flows help to show how translations contribute to the establishment of macro-European literary networks.

Illustrations and the genesis of Barrett and Yonge's Collins pocket guide to the sea shore (1958)

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Publishing History ◽  
Biological Station ◽  
Marine Biological ◽  
Illustrated Text ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University

Twenty nine items of correspondence from the mid-1950s discovered recently in the archives of the University Marine Biological Station Millport, and others made available by one of the illustrators and a referee, shed unique light on the publishing history of Collins pocket guide to the sea shore. This handbook, generally regarded as a classic of its genre, marked a huge step forwards in 1958; providing generations of students with an authoritative, concise, affordable, well illustrated text with which to identify common organisms found between the tidemarks from around the coasts of the British Isles. The crucial role played by a select band of illustrators in making this publication the success it eventually became, is highlighted herein. The difficulties of accomplishing this production within commercial strictures, and generally as a sideline to the main employment of the participants, are revealed. Such stresses were not helped by changing demands on the illustrators made by the authors and by the publishers.

Thanato-Laboratorien. Theorien von Tod und Sterben und Elias Canettis Buch gegen den Tod

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-86
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Heyne
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Visual Images ◽  
Elias Canetti ◽  
History Of ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
First Time ◽  
Textual Form ◽  
Or History

AbstractAlthough visual culture of the 21th century increasingly focuses on representation of death and dying, contemporary discourses still lack a language of death adequate to the event shown by pictures and visual images from an outside point of view. Following this observation, this article suggests a re-reading of 20th century author Elias Canetti. His lifelong notes have been edited and published posthumously for the first time in 2014. Thanks to this edition Canetti's short texts and aphorisms can be focused as a textual laboratory in which he tries to model a language of death on experimental practices of natural sciences. The miniature series of experiments address the problem of death, not representable in discourses of cultural studies, system theory or history of knowledge, and in doing so, Canetti creates liminal texts at the margins of western concepts of (human) life, science and established textual form.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk W. de Regt
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Scientific Understanding ◽  
Related Question ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Desire ◽  
Exciting Project ◽  
Understanding Science ◽  
The Way

This chapter introduces the theme of the book: scientific understanding. Science is arguably the most successful product of the human desire for understanding. Reflection on the nature of scientific understanding is an important and exciting project for philosophers of science, as well as for scientists and interested laypeople. As a first illustration of this, the chapter sketches an episode from the history of science in which discussions about understanding played a crucial role: the genesis of quantum mechanics in the 1920s, and the heated debates about the intelligibility of this theory and the related question of whether it can provide understanding. This case shows that standards of intelligibility of scientists can vary strongly. Furthermore, the chapter outlines and defends the way in which this study approaches its subject, differing essentially from mainstream philosophical discussions of explanatory understanding. It concludes with an overview of the contents of the book.

The Gospel as Manuscript

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Keith
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Reception History ◽  
Early History ◽  
First Century ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Material ◽  
Material History

This book offers a new material history of the Jesus tradition. It shows that the introduction of manuscripts to the transmission of the Jesus tradition played an underappreciated but crucial role in the reception history of the tradition that eventuated. It focuses particularly on the competitive textualization of the Jesus tradition, whereby Gospel authors drew attention to the written nature of their tradition, sometimes in attempts to assert superiority to predecessors, and the public reading of the Jesus tradition. Both these processes reveal efforts on the part of early followers of Jesus to place the gospel-as-manuscript on display, whether in the literary tradition or in the assembly. Building upon interdisciplinary work on ancient book cultures, this book traces an early history of the gospel as artifact from the textualization of Mark in the first century until the eventual usage of liturgical reading as a marker of authoritative status in the second and third centuries and beyond. Overall, it reveals a vibrant period of the development of the Jesus tradition, wherein the material status of the tradition frequently played as important a role as the ideas about Jesus that it contained.

scholarly journals No evidence of false-negative Plasmodium falciparum rapid diagnostic results in Monrovia, Liberia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandella King ◽  
Alexander E. George ◽  
Pau Cisteró ◽  
Christine K. Tarr-Attia ◽  
Beatriz Arregui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Molecular Testing ◽  
False Negatives ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Catholic Hospital ◽  
Or History

Abstract Background Malaria diagnosis in many malaria-endemic countries relies mainly on the use of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). The majority of commercial RDTs used in Africa detect the Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2). pfhrp2/3 gene deletions can therefore lead to false-negative RDT results. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of PCR-confirmed, false-negative P. falciparum RDT results in Monrovia, Liberia. Methods PfHRP2-based RDT (Paracheck Pf®) and microscopy results from 1038 individuals with fever or history of fever (n = 951) and pregnant women at first antenatal care (ANC) visit (n = 87) enrolled in the Saint Joseph’s Catholic Hospital (Monrovia) from March to July 2019 were used to assess the frequency of false-negative RDT results. True–false negatives were confirmed by detecting the presence of P. falciparum DNA by quantitative PCR in samples from individuals with discrepant RDT and microscopy results. Samples that were positive by 18S rRNA qPCR but negative by PfHRP2-RDT were subjected to multiplex qPCR assay for detection of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3. Results One-hundred and eighty-six (19.6%) and 200 (21.0%) of the 951 febrile participants had a P. falciparum-positive result by RDT and microscopy, respectively. Positivity rate increased with age and the reporting of joint pain, chills and shivers, vomiting and weakness, and decreased with the presence of coughs and nausea. The positivity rate at first ANC visit was 5.7% (n = 5) and 8% (n = 7) by RDT and microscopy, respectively. Out of 207 Plasmodium infections detected by microscopy, 22 (11%) were negative by RDT. qPCR confirmed absence of P. falciparum DNA in the 16 RDT-negative but microscopy-positive samples which were available for molecular testing. Among the 14 samples that were positive by qPCR but negative by RDT and microscopy, 3 only amplified pfldh, and among these 3 all were positive for pfhrp2 and pfhrp3. Conclusion There is no qPCR-confirmed evidence of false-negative RDT results due to pfhrp2/pfhrp3 deletions in this study conducted in Monrovia (Liberia). This indicates that these deletions are not expected to affect the performance of PfHRP2-based RDTs for the diagnosis of malaria in Liberia. Nevertheless, active surveillance for the emergence of PfHRP2 deletions is required.

Distribution and translation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong King Lee
Keyword(s):  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Media Ecology ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
First Order ◽  
Language System ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Distributed Language

Abstract Translation has traditionally been viewed as a branch of applied linguistics. This has changed drastically in recent decades, which have witnessed translation studies growing as a field beyond, and sometimes against, applied linguistics. This paper is an attempt to think translation back into applied linguistics by reconceptualizing translation through the notions of distributed language, semiotic repertoire, and assemblage. It argues that: (a) embedded within a larger textual-media ecology, translation is enacted through dialogical interaction among the persons, texts, technologies, platforms, institutions, and traditions operating within that ecology; (b) what we call translations are second-order constructs, or relatively stable formations of signs abstracted from the processual flux of translating on the first-order; (c) translation is not just about moving a work from one discrete language system across to another, but about distributing it through semiotic repertoires; (d) by orchestrating resources performatively, translations are not just interventions in the target language and culture, but are transformative of the entire translingual and multimodal space (discursive, interpretive, material) surrounding a work. The paper argues that distributed thinking helps us de-fetishize translation as an object of study and reimagine translators as partaking of a creative network of production alongside other human and non-human agents.

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