Assessment of hepatoprotective activity of coded plant (222) leaf ethanolic extract against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats – Part IV

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishnakumar N M
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hepatic Enzymes ◽  
Standard Drug

The present study was designed to assess the possible hepatoprotective activity of the leaf ethanolic extract of coded plant (Code No. 222**) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury in Wistar albino rats. The animals were divided into different groups and treated with 222 leaf ethanolic extract at different concentrations for five days. Silymarin, the known hepatoprotective standard compound (100 mg/kg) was administered for five days. Hepatotoxicity was induced by the subcutaneous administration of a single dose of CCl4: Olive oil (2 mL/kg) on days 2 and 3. The administration of CCl4 resulted in marked increase in serum hepatic enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum bilirubin levels. CCl4 intoxication also resulted in a significant (P=0.05) increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), which is a common marker of lipid peroxidation. The other biochemical parameters such as cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, urea and uric acid levels were also increased significantly (P=0.05) compared to normal control group. Changes in serum hepatic enzymes, biochemical parameters and MDA levels induced by CCl4 were reversed by the leaf ethanolic extract of 222 (125 mg/kg) dose. The standard drug silymarin treated group also reversed CCl4-induced changes in biomarkers of liver function and MDA levels. Histopathological studies of the liver samples confirmed the hepatoprotective property of the coded drug 222. It was seen that histopathological damage induced by CCl4 were improved in rat liver, treated with 222 extract. The results of the present study suggested that coded plant (222) leaf ethanolic extract may be used as a hepatoprotective agent against toxic effects caused carbon tetrachloride in the liver.

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract ofTabernaemontana divaricata(L.) R. Br. against DEN and Fe NTA Induced Liver Necrosis in Wistar Albino Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kannappan Poornima ◽  
Palanisamy Chella Perumal ◽  
Velliyur Kanniappan Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver Necrosis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Tabernaemontana Divaricata ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

This study is an attempt to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity ofTabernaemontana divaricataagainst DEN and Fe NTA induced liver necrosis in rats. Ethanolic extract of the whole plant ofTabernaemontana divaricataat doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight and 5-fluorouracil (standard drug) was orally administered to male Wistar Albino rats once daily for 24 weeks, simultaneously treated with the carcinogen DEN and Fe NTA. In simultaneously treated animals, the plant extract significantly decreased the levels of uric acid, bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP in serum and increased the levels of liver marker enzymes in liver. Treatment with the extracts resulted in a significant increase in the levels of antioxidants accompanied by a marked reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde when compared to DEN and Fe NTA treated group. When compared with 200 mg/kg bw rats, 400 mg/kg bw rats and 5-fluorouracil treated rats showed better results in all the parameters. The histopathological studies confirmed the protective effects of extract against DEN and Fe NTA induced liver necrosis. Thus, it could be concluded that the use ofTabernaemontana divaricataextract in the treatment of carcinogen induced hepatic necrosis.

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF TERMINALIA CHEBULA FRUIT AGAINST ETHANOL INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Balakrishna Vuyyala ◽  
Lakshmi Thakkalapally
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Group ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters

  Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Terminalia chebula fruit extract on liver antioxidant enzymes in ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.Method: Rats were divided into six different groups each having six. Group 1 served as a control, Group 2 received 40% ethanol (2 ml/100 g, oral), in sterile water, Groups 4, 5, and 6 served as extract treatment groups and received 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, orally, ethanolic fruit extract of T. chebula (TCE) and Group 3 served as standard group and received silymarin 25 mg/kg orally. All the treatment protocols followed 21 days, and after which rats were sacrificed, the liver was taken for antioxidant and histological studies, respectively.Results: The ethanol-treated group rats (G2) showed variable decrease in antioxidant parameter (catalase, glutathione, and glutathione reductase) levels. Administration of ethanolic TCE significantly prevented ethanol-induced elevation in the levels of malondialdehyde lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant parameters in experimental groups of rats. The effect of extract was compared with a standard drug, silymarin. The changes in antioxidant parameters were supported by histological profile.Conclusion: It is concluded that the ethanolic fruit TCE protects against ethanol-induced oxidative liver injury in rats.

scholarly journals Modulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Cytokines as Therapeutic Mechanisms of Ocimum americanum L Extract in Carbon Tetrachloride and Acetaminophen-Induced Toxicity in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 2515690X2093800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afua Kobi Ampem Genfi ◽  
Christopher Larbie ◽  
Benjamin O. Emikpe ◽  
Ademola A. Oyagbemi ◽  
Caleb K. Firempong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Therapeutic Mechanisms ◽  
Ocimum Americanum

Liver diseases have now become a global canker due to increasing drug abuse and several viral infections. The current medicines on the market are woefully inadequate and limited in the application against these diseases. Fortunately, medicinal plants continue to serve as a potential source of drug discovery that could be explored to improve the situation. The present study, therefore, evaluated the hepatoprotective activities of the aqueous extract of various parts (leaves, flower and stem) of Ocimum americanum L on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- and acetaminophen-induced toxicity in rats. The protective effect of the plant was assessed using biochemical parameters, histology, levels of liver antioxidants, and expression of some pro-inflammatory cytokines (NF-κβ and IL-1) in the liver. The leaves and stem extracts, orally administered for 7 days at 250 mg/kg, effectively prevented CCl4-induced elevation of serum biochemical parameters, prooxidants, as well as the expression of NFk-B and IL-1, which were comparable to Silymarin (standard drug). A comparative histopathological analyses of the liver exhibited virtually normal architecture compared with CCl4-treated group. The findings showed that the hepatoprotective effect of Ocimum americanum was probably due to the inhibition of oxidative stress and downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines by the effective parts of the medicinal plant.

Development of Hepatotoxicity Model in Rats and its Application in Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity of Cell Wall Contents of Probiotics

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah G. H. ◽  
Patel B. G. ◽  
Shah G. B.
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Protein Oxidation ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Direct Bilirubin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Drug

The objective of present work is Development of Hepatotoxicity model in rats and to evaluate hepatoprotective activity of cell wall contents of probiotics. Animals were divided in four groups. The groups were normal saline group, diseased control group, standard drug treated group and 4th group was CCl4 +Cell wall contents of probiotics. In diseased control group chronic liver injury was induced by administration of Carbontetrachloride (CCl4) via intraperitoneal route (1 ml/kg) for seventy days. For standard drug treated group 1 ml Silymarin suspension (Orally) and CCl4 was given for seventy days. In fourth group cell wall contents (1 x 10 12 CFU/ml/animal) and CCl4 was given for seventy days. During disease induction and treatment period blood samples were collected and serum was separated which was used to analyse various parameters like Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase, (AST), Alkaline phosphate (ALP), direct bilirubin, total protein and albumin levels to asses liver function. Along with these cholesterol, Glucose and Malondialdehyde were also measured. Liver fibrosis and cirrhosis was quantified by histopathological studies of small portion of the excised liver. Serum AST, ALT, ALP, and direct bilirubin were found to be significantly higher in CCl4 intoxicated rats. Total protein and albumin was decreased. Manondialdehyde was found to be significantly higher in CCl4 intoxicated rats which was main end product of Lipid Peroxidation. Whereas in cell wall contents probiotics and silymarin treated group improve the liver functions in CCl4 toxicated rats. We conclude that protein oxidation may play a role in the pathogenesis of CCl4 induced liver injury and that the accumulation of oxidised proteins may be an early indication of CCl4 induced liver damage. Silymarin and cell wall contents of probiotics were effective in liver injury by inhibiting protein oxidation.

Evaluation of Hepatoprotective activity of Ethanolic Extract of Garuga pinnata Roxburgh leaves against Carbon tetrachloride induced Hepatotoxicity in rats.

2021 ◽  
pp. 2375-2380
Author(s):  
Sandeep Chavan ◽  
Remeth Dias ◽  
Chandrakant Magdum
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Liquid Paraffin ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Enzymes ◽  
Serum Glutamate

In this study we investigated the in vivo Hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Garuga pinnata (EEGP) leaves in Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity using wistar rats of either sex as model. Hepatotoxicity was induced by the administration of CCl4 intraperitoneally (0.125ml CCl4 in liquid paraffin (1:1) per 100g body weight). Garuga pinnata leaves extract at different dose levels (200 and 400mg/kg, p.o.) showed the dose dependant hepatoprotective effect and was compared with well known standard hepatoprotective Silymarain (100mg/kg). When groups were treated with CCl4, significant increase in serum biochemical parameters such as Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase (SGOT), Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT), Alkaline phosphate (ALP), Acid Phosphate (ACP), Creatinine and alteration of tissue biochemical parameters such as reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and the total proteins were observed. The histopathological examination of the CCl4 treated groups showed sinusoidal congestion, centrilobular necrosis, marked vacuolations and congestion. However, pretreatment with extract of leaves of Garuga pinnata significantly reduced the increased serum levels of biochemical parameters and restored antioxidant defense enzymes level to its normal. Moreover, histopathology of leaves extract treated groups showed normal architecture with minimal sinusoidal congestion. Taken together, our study concludes that EEGP to be a more potential agent for caring liver from CCl4 induced damage.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective effects of Calotropis gigantea extract against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Lodhi ◽  
Hemant Singh ◽  
Kamlesh Pant ◽  
Zeashan Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Calotropis Gigantea ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects

Hepatoprotective effects ofCalotropis giganteaextract against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in ratsEthanolic extract (50 %) of stems ofCalotropis giganteaR. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) at doses of 250 and 500 mg kg-1were studied for hepatoprotective activity in male Wistar rats with liver damage induced using carbon tetrachloride, 2 mL kg-1twice a week. The protective effect ofC. giganteaextract was compared with the standard drug silymarin. Various biochemical parameters such as aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxide (LPO), superoxidedismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were evaluated. The results revealed that theC. giganteaextract significantly decreased AST, ALT (p< 0.001) and lipid peroxide (p< 0.01) levels. The antioxidant parameters GSH, GPx, SOD and catalase levels were increased considerably compared to their levels in groups not treated withC. giganteaextract.

scholarly journals ACACIA SENEGAL BARK EXTRACT IN REGULATION OF HYPOTHYROIDISM: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Jangid ◽  
Ashok Purohit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Gum Arabic ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the thyroid hormone stimulating efficacy of Acacia senegal (Gum Arabic) bark extract in 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU)-induced hypothyroid albino rats.Methods: Ethanolic extract of A. senegal bark was given to PTU-induced hypothyroid albino rats at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight. The animals were divided into control, PTU, and A. senegal bark extract treated and standard drug Eltroxin-treated groups for 60-day experimentation. The serum thyroxin levels, organ’s weight, and serum biochemistry were carried out.Results: Oral administration of A. senegal bark extract caused a highly significant increase (p≤0.001) in serum triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4), and significant changes were also observed in organ’s weight with biochemical parameters as compared to hypothyroid albino rats and results were approximate to the standard drug Eltroxin.Conclusion: These results evaluate that ethanolic extract of A. senegal bark helps to compensate or increases the serum thyroxin level in management of hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Antioxidant Potential of Trimetazidine in Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Haribhau Mate ◽  
Vijaya Anil Pandit ◽  
Pradnya Hemant Padalkar ◽  
Chetan Shrirang More ◽  
Kapil S Khade
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

Introduction: Exposure to various drugs and chemicals lead to oxidative stress. Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) produces rise in oxidative stress leading to hepatic damage. The drug Trimetazidine (TMZ) shows hepatoprotective activity but its mechanism is not known. The present study would help in establishing antioxidant activity of TMZ as probable mechanism. Aim: To evaluate the antioxidant potential of TMZ in CCl4 induced oxidative stress when given prophylactically/therapeutically in rats. Materials and Methods: An experimental animal study was conducted on 80 adult Wistar rats of either sex (weight-150 to 200 gm) from March 2010 to December 2010 in Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India. Randomly, all animals were grouped into 10 equal groups. Group i was normal control (received only water). To induce oxidative stress CCl4 (0.5 mL/kg/d i.p.) was given to all the animals of Group ii to Group x for seven days. The TMZ was given in two doses, TMZ1 (5 mg/kg orally for Group iii and vii) and TMZ2 (10 mg/kg orally for Group iv and viii). Positive standard control (Group v and Group ix) received Liv.52 (1 mL/kg orally). Group vi and Group x received combination of TMZ1 (5 mg/kg orally)+Liv.52 (1 mL/kg orally). Drug treatment was given to animals in group iii, iv, v and vi for 1-14 days (preventive group) and in group vii, viii, ix and x from day 8 to day 14 (therapeutic group). On 15th day, rats were sacrificed and dissected for collection of liver. Part of the livers was homogenised to assess oxidative stress marker enzymes Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) spectrophotometrically. Statistical analysis was done with one- way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc analysis (Dunnett’s test) using GraphPad Prism 5.0 software. Results: Trimetazidine (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) significantly reduced MDA levels and increased SOD levels when compared with CCl4 treated group suggested antioxidant activity. Combined administration of Liv.52 and TMZ1 also reduced oxidative stress and increased antioxidant activity. Conclusion: Results of the present study suggested that increased oxidative stress was significantly attenuated by drug TMZ in dose dependant manner when compared with the CCl4 group. The antioxidant potential of prophylactic and therapeutic administration of TMZ was comparable. The increased antioxidant effect by Liv.52+TMZ1 combination was only due to the additive antioxidant effects of Liv.52 and TMZ or any other mechanism was involved, needs to be further evaluated.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF ROOT OF PUNICA GRANATUM IN RATS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Bushra Hasan Khan ◽  
Farida Ahmad ◽  
Jameel Ahmad ◽  
Syed Mobashir Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Standard Drug

Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of ethanolic extract of the root (REE) of Punica granatum.Methods: This study was conducted on adult albino Wistar rats of either sex weighing 150-200 g. Animals were divided into five groups (n=5). Liver injury was produced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) 1 ml/kg dissolved in olive oil (1:1) given intraperitoneally on day 1 and day 4 of the study duration of 14 days. Silymarin (50 mg/kg/d) orally was used as standard drug. Test groups received an REE of P. granatum (REE) at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day orally along with CCl4. On the 15th day, all animals were sacrificed, and blood was collected. Liver was sent for histopathological examination. The hepatoprotective effect of REE was evaluated by assessment of physical parameters, histopathological examination and biochemical parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total serum bilirubin.Results: The administration of REE of P. granatum at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/day orally, exhibited a highly significant decrease in the rise of mean serum AST, ALT, ALP, and total bilirubin as compared to CCl4 treated group (p<0.001). Histopathological examination of the liver also suggested hepatoprotective effect of REE of P. granatum by restoration of hepatic architecture toward normal. Decrease in the extent of centrilobular necrosis was observed in REE (200 and 400 mg/kg/day) treated rats when compared to CCl4 treated group.Conclusion: This study demonstrated hepatoprotective activity of REE of P. granatum against CCl4 induced liver injury in rats.

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