scholarly journals Helping Women Cope with Life Behind Bars

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Khamsiah Ismail ◽  
Nor Faridah Abd. Manaf ◽  
Farizah Jaafar ◽  
Che Noraini Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Group Therapy ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Before And After

Implementation of group therapy in Malaysian prison through Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) approach is deemed important to improve the psychological well-being of the inmates. Numerous studies had been conducted but most of them provide statistical data based on cross-sectional studies but findings on effect of psychological treatment is still very scarce. This preliminary study aimed to examine the impacts of group therapy on psychological well-being of women prisoners, particularly in Malaysia. Sixteen women inmates from Women Prison in Selangor, Malaysia were chosen and assigned by the prison authority to receive eight group therapy sessions. The respondents in this study were of different race/ethnic groups, different faiths, socio-economical and criminal backgrounds, aged between 27 to 56 years old. Self-report measures DASS21 was utilized to examine their psychological well-being before and after eight sessions of group therapy in a duration of four months. This study employed a pre- and post-test design study without a control group. Statistical analyses used were descriptive statistics and paired-samples t-test. The results of this study revealed that there were significant differences in psychological variables as indicated by significant decrease level of depression and stress. Although not significant, their level of anxiety has also reduced. The findings of this study the self-belief and psychological well-being of the inmates. The findings could be used to add knowledge and to better understand the inmates and the rehabilitation methods that work for them. It also give some insights if group therapy can be considered as one of the programs that can support the rehabilitation process of the inmates

Objectively Measured Sedentary Behavior, Obesity, and Psychological Well-Being: A Cross-Sectional Study of Japanese Schoolchildren

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Ishii ◽  
Ai Shibata ◽  
Minoru Adachi ◽  
Yoshiyuki Mano ◽  
Koichiro Oka
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being

Background:Sedentary behaviors (SB) are associated with health indicators; however, there are currently very few studies that have examined these associations, especially in conjunction with psychological factors, in children. The current study examined the independent relationship between objectively assessed SB, and indicators of obesity and psychological well-being, among Japanese children.Methods:A total of 967 elementary-school children completed a cross-sectional survey. SB was measured with accelerometers for 7 consecutive days. Psychological well-being data (eg, anxiety and behavior problems) were collected via a self-report questionnaire. To determine the relationship of SB with degree of obesity and psychological well-being, linear regression analyses were conducted to relate the indicators of obesity and psychological well-being on SB, adjusted by gender, grade, percentage of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day, duration spent wearing the accelerometer, and degree of obesity.Results:SB was significantly related to behavioral/emotional problems (β = .280, P = .010, R2 = .015). There was a statistically significant relationship between SB and anxiety (β = .206, P = .059, R2 = .007). No significant association with degree of obesity was found.Conclusions:Excess SB relates higher levels of behavioral/emotional problems and anxiety. These results can inspire the development of interventions that promote well-being and enhance psychological health, by focusing on SB in Japanese children.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on the Psychological Well-Being and Turnover Intentions of Frontline Nurses in the Community: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Alexis A. De los Santos ◽  
Leodoro J. Labrague
Keyword(s):  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Purpose: This study aimed to assess fear of COVID-19 among nurses in a community setting. Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design using self-report questionnaires. Findings: Results revealed that nurses display moderate to high fear of COVID-19 and that the female gender is correlated to fear of the virus. Moreover, the nurses fear influences their psychological distress and organizational and professional turnover intentions. Conclusion: Fear of COVID-19 is universal among nurses. There is a need to assess the factors associated with the fear to better address the nurses psychological well-being and to avoid turnover intentions.

scholarly journals Comparing online cognitive behavioural therapy versus online positive psychotherapy, well-being theory (PERMA)on test anxiety of online learning students: A randomised control study.

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-17
Author(s):  
Fataneh Alibak ◽  
◽  
Morteza Alibak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Psychotherapy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

This study aims to compare the efficacy of test anxiety interventions using internet-based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and internet-based positive psychotherapy (PERMA model). Changes in test anxiety responses were evaluated in 48 online postgraduate students who met diagnostic criteria based on DSM-5 and were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: internet-based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (n=16), internet-based positive psychotherapy (n=16) and a control group (n=16) over three phases: pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Assessments included a self-report questionnaire and a diagnostic interview. An 18-item self-report of the Online Test Anxiety Inventory(OTAI) was used with a high internal consistency (α=0.91) to assess test anxiety of online learning students. The OTAI consists of three factors: online, psychological, and physiological. The analysis of test anxiety by repeated measure ANOVA revealed a significant decrease of anxiety in both treatment groups while no significant change was observed in the control group. The study supports using internet-based psychological interventions for the treatment of test anxiety, which is particularly significant during the COVID-19 restricted teaching environment.

Physical Activity, Psychological Well-Being, and Mood State in Elderly Women

1993 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Nieman ◽  
Beverly J. Warren ◽  
Ruth G. Dotson ◽  
Diane E. Butterworth ◽  
Dru A. Henson
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Placebo Control Group ◽  
Caucasian Women

The relationship between cardiorespiratory exercise and psychological well-being and mood state was studied in elderly women. Thirty-two sedentary Caucasian women 67 to 85 years of age were randomly assigned to either a walking or an attention-placebo control group; 30 completed all phases of the study. Intervention groups exercised 30 to 40 minutes 5 days a week for 12 weeks, with the walking group training at 60% heart rate reserve and the control group engaging in mild range-of-motion and flexibility movements that kept their heart rates close to resting levels. In a separate analysis, 12 highly conditioned elderly women 65 to 84 years of age who were active in endurance competitions were recruited at baseline for cross-sectional comparisons. At baseline they exhibited superior scores on the profile of mood states (POMS) and general well-being (GWB) schedule. Twelve weeks of moderate cardiorespiratory exercise improved the VO2max of the sedentary subjects 12.6% but did not result in improvement in POMS or GWB scores greater than those of the attention-placebo control group.

scholarly journals Respiração lenta e profunda aumenta a modulação vagal em gestantes

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 28050
Author(s):  
Ana Claudia Silva Farche ◽  
Soraia Jurgensen ◽  
Paulo Giusti Rossi ◽  
Anielle Cristhine M. Takahashi ◽  
Audrey Borghi-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Rr Intervals ◽  
Autonomic Nervous ◽  
Before And After

AIMS: To compare the responses of the heart rate autonomic modulation in pregnant and non-pregnant women before and after the respiratory sinus arrhythmia maneuver.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 24 women, divided into two groups: pregnant group (independent of gestational age) and control group (non-pregnant). The evaluation consisted of recording the RR intervals using a cardiofrequencimeter, for analysis of linear and nonlinear indices of heart rate variability. The evaluations were made at rest in left lateral decubitus, before and after the maneuver of accentuation of respiratory sinus arrhythmia, consisting of slow breaths five to six cycles per minute. The expiration/inspiration ratio and the difference between inspiration and expiration were evaluated during the maneuver. Results were compared between the two groups (pregnant and non-pregnant), as well as those obtained in each group before and after the maneuver. For the statistical analysis the level of significance considered was p <0.05. RESULTS: Linear indices showed increased baseline sympathetic modulation (low frequency band) in pregnant women when compared to non-pregnant women (pregnant women: 68.9±28.1; non pregnant women: 49.3±11.7; p=0,002). After the respiratory maneuver, the root mean square of successive differences in the RR intervals index increased in the pregnant group (pre-maneuver: 34.5±5.7; post-maneuver: 38.9±5.8; p=0,002) indicating an increase in the parasympathetic system for this population after the maneuver. In addition, there was an increase in the complexity values after the maneuver, suggested by the Shanon entropy for both groups, being the increase higher in the pregnant women. Regarding the indices evaluated during the respiratory sinus arrhythmia maneuver, both groups presented expiration/inspiration ratio values greater than 1, which suggests integrity of the autonomic nervous system.CONCLUSIONS: There was an improvement in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system after the respiratory maneuver for pregnant women, suggesting that the slow and deep breathing pattern may increase vagal modulation and confer a cardioprotective effect, besides causing relaxation and a sense of well-being.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Health Promoting Activities, Life Satisfaction, and Depressive Symptoms in Unemployed Individuals

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nikos L. D. Chatzisarantis ◽  
Sviatlana Kamarova ◽  
Chris Twomey ◽  
Graham Hansen ◽  
Mark Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
Health Promoting

Abstract. Background: Previous research has documented that unemployed individuals who engage in recreational activities, either alone or with others, experience higher levels of mental health and psychological well-being relative to those who do not engage in recreational activities. Aims: In this study, we examined whether engagement in health promoting activities, alone or with other family members, is associated with reduced levels of depression and enhanced levels of life satisfaction in unemployed individuals. Method: We employed a cross-sectional design in which we measured life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, consumption of healthy meals and engagement in physical activities in 203 unemployed individuals (male = 90, female = 113, age= 33.79, SD = 11.16). Results: Independent of age, gender, and partner employment status, hierarchical regression analyses revealed statistically significant effects for social forms of healthy eating (consumption of healthy meals with others) and solitary forms of physical activity (exercising alone) on depressive symptoms and life satisfaction. Limitations: The research design was cross-sectional using self-report questionnaires. The present study does not to explain why and how health promoting activities enhance well-being outcomes among the unemployed. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of measuring engagement in health promoting activities through separate constructs that capture engagement in social and solitary health promoting activities and suggest that unemployed individuals are likely to experience optimal levels of psychological well-being if they exercise alone and consume healthy meals with other family members.

scholarly journals The impact of reminiscence on autobiographical memory, cognition and psychological well-being in healthy older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-330
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Allen ◽  
Caoilainn Doyle ◽  
Richard A. P. Roche
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Reminiscence therapy has improved autobiographical memory in older adults with memory impairment. However, there has been a relative lack of research examining the impact of reminiscence interventions on healthy older adults, despite the fact that healthy ageing has been associated with a reduction in episodic autobiographical memory. The current study examined the effects of a semi-structured reminiscence program, compared to a no-intervention control and an active control group focused on current life, in healthy older adults. Before and after reminiscence or control, we assessed episodic and semantic autobiographical memory, as well as reliving of the memory and re-experiencing the emotion associated with the memory. We also examined new learning and executive function, as well as quality of life, satisfaction with life, anxiety, depression, and mood. The reminiscence intervention did not lead to a differing impact on autobiographical memory, cognition or psychological well-being, compared to the control groups. The current results indicate that simple reminiscence does not lead to enhanced autobiographical memory performance in healthy older adults.

Treatment barriers, preferences and histories of individuals with symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jessica McCausland ◽  
Josephine Paparo ◽  
Bethany M. Wootton
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Barriers ◽  
Treatment Access ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Delivery

Abstract Background: Individuals with mental health concerns face many barriers when accessing psychological treatment. Even when patients overcome these barriers, they often do not receive an evidence-based treatment. Although the current literature highlights these issues clearly across psychological disorders, the research is limited in relation to body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Aim: The aim of this study was to examine psychological treatment barriers, treatment delivery preferences and treatment histories of individuals with symptoms of BDD. Method: A total of 122 participants with clinically significant BDD symptoms (94% female; mean age = 34.19 years, SD = 10.86) completed the cross-sectional study. Results: The most frequently reported barriers to accessing psychological treatment for individuals with BDD symptoms were the cost of treatment (41%) and the belief that the symptoms did not warrant treatment (36%). Although 69% of treatment-seeking participants reported previously receiving cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for BDD, only 13% of participants appeared to receive best-practice CBT. The preferred modality of future psychological treatment delivery was face-to-face treatment with a therapist once a week (63%), rather than accelerated or remote treatment approaches. Conclusions: The study suggests that there are significant barriers to accessing CBT for BDD. Reducing these barriers, as well as increasing consumer mental health literacy, is required to improve treatment access and treatment outcomes for individuals with BDD.

scholarly journals The COVID‐19 pandemic and healthcare workers psychological well‐being: a cross‐sectional survey in Indonesia

Nursing Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni’matuzahroh ◽  
Valendriyani Ningrum ◽  
Widayat ◽  
Myrtati Dyah Artaria ◽  
Mein‐Woei Suen
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being
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