Sealable Large Pore by DNA Origami on Lipid Membrane

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Iwabuchi ◽  
Ibuki Kawamata ◽  
Satoshi Murata ◽  
Shin-ichiro Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Dna Origami ◽  
Single Strand ◽  
Vesicle Membrane ◽  
Giant Vesicle ◽  
Large Pore ◽  
And Function ◽  
Fluorescent Molecules

Here, we report on the design and function of a membrane nanopore through a DNA origami square tube with a cross-section of 100 nm2 . When the nanopore is added onto the giant vesicle membrane, the permeation of hydrophilic fluorescent molecules was observed. It can be sealed by the existence of the four specific single strand DNAs. A controllable artificial nanopore should help to communicate the vesicle components with their environment

Sealable Large Pore by DNA Origami on Lipid Membrane

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Iwabuchi ◽  
Ibuki Kawamata ◽  
Satoshi Murata ◽  
Shin-ichiro Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Dna Origami ◽  
Single Strand ◽  
Vesicle Membrane ◽  
Giant Vesicle ◽  
Large Pore ◽  
And Function ◽  
Fluorescent Molecules

Here, we report on the design and function of a membrane nanopore through a DNA origami square tube with a cross-section of 100 nm2 . When the nanopore is added onto the giant vesicle membrane, the permeation of hydrophilic fluorescent molecules was observed. It can be sealed by the existence of the four specific single strand DNAs. A controllable artificial nanopore should help to communicate the vesicle components with their environment

scholarly journals A large, square-shaped, DNA origami nanopore with sealing function on a giant vesicle membrane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoji Iwabuchi ◽  
Ibuki Kawamata ◽  
Satoshi Murata ◽  
Shin-ichiro M. Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Dna Origami ◽  
Vesicle Membrane ◽  
Giant Vesicle ◽  
Large Size

DNA origami nanopore with large size of a 10 nm square, equipping a tunable lid, enables size-selective molecular transportation through the lipid membrane of giant vesicle.

scholarly journals Fusion of phospholipid vesicles with a planar membrane depends on the membrane permeability of the solute used to create the osmotic pressure.

1989 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
F S Cohen ◽  
W D Niles ◽  
M H Akabas
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Lipid Bilayer ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Contact Region ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Phospholipid Vesicles ◽  
Osmotic Gradient ◽  
Vesicle Membrane ◽  
Permeable Channel ◽  
Planar Membrane

Phospholipid vesicles fuse with a planar membrane when they are osmotically swollen. Channels in the vesicle membrane are required for swelling to occur when the vesicle-containing compartment is made hyperosmotic by adding a solute (termed an osmoticant). We have studied fusion using two different channels, porin, a highly permeable channel, and nystatin, a much less permeable channel. We report that an osmoticant's ability to support fusion (defined as the magnitude of osmotic gradient necessary to obtain sustained fusion) depends on both its permeability through lipid bilayer as well as its permeability through the channel by which it enters the vesicle interior. With porin as the channel, formamide requires an osmotic gradient about ten times that required with urea, which is approximately 1/40th as permeant as formamide through bare lipid membrane. When nystatin is the channel, however, fusion rates sustained by osmotic gradients of formamide are within a factor of two of those obtained with urea. Vesicles containing a porin-impermeant solute can be induced to swell and fuse with a planar membrane when the impermeant bathing the vesicles is replaced by an isosmotic quantity of a porin-permeant solute. With this method of swelling, formamide is as effective as urea in obtaining fusion. In addition, we report that binding of vesicles to the planar membrane does not make the contact region more permeable to the osmoticant than is bare lipid bilayer. In the companion paper, we quantitatively account for the observation that the ability of a solute to promote fusion depends on its permeability properties and the method of swelling. We show that the intravesicular pressure developed drives fusion.

scholarly journals Advances in therapeutic applications of extracellular vesicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (492) ◽  
pp. eaav8521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar P. B. Wiklander ◽  
Meadhbh Á. Brennan ◽  
Jan Lötvall ◽  
Xandra O. Breakefield ◽  
Samir EL Andaloussi
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
And Function

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometer-sized, lipid membrane–enclosed vesicles secreted by most, if not all, cells and contain lipids, proteins, and various nucleic acid species of the source cell. EVs act as important mediators of intercellular communication that influence both physiological and pathological conditions. Given their ability to transfer bioactive components and surmount biological barriers, EVs are increasingly being explored as potential therapeutic agents. EVs can potentiate tissue regeneration, participate in immune modulation, and function as potential alternatives to stem cell therapy, and bioengineered EVs can act as delivery vehicles for therapeutic agents. Here, we cover recent approaches and advances of EV-based therapies.

scholarly journals Gating of a mechanosensitive channel due to cellular flows

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (32) ◽  
pp. 9822-9827 ◽  
Author(s):  
On Shun Pak ◽  
Y.-N. Young ◽  
Gary R. Marple ◽  
Shravan Veerapaneni ◽  
Howard A. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Intracellular Transport ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Fluid Flows ◽  
Bilayer Membrane ◽  
Flow Strength ◽  
Vesicle Membrane ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Planar Shear ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Pressure Driven Flow

A multiscale continuum model is constructed for a mechanosensitive (MS) channel gated by tension in a lipid bilayer membrane under stresses due to fluid flows. We illustrate that for typical physiological conditions vesicle hydrodynamics driven by a fluid flow may render the membrane tension sufficiently large to gate a MS channel open. In particular, we focus on the dynamic opening/closing of a MS channel in a vesicle membrane under a planar shear flow and a pressure-driven flow across a constriction channel. Our modeling and numerical simulation results quantify the critical flow strength or flow channel geometry for intracellular transport through a MS channel. In particular, we determine the percentage of MS channels that are open or closed as a function of the relevant measure of flow strength. The modeling and simulation results imply that for fluid flows that are physiologically relevant and realizable in microfluidic configurations stress-induced intracellular transport across the lipid membrane can be achieved by the gating of reconstituted MS channels, which can be useful for designing drug delivery in medical therapy and understanding complicated mechanotransduction.

scholarly journals Membrane association of VAMP2 SNARE motif in cells and its regulation by different lipid phases of synaptic vesicle membrane

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuchu Wang ◽  
Jia Tu ◽  
Shengnan Zhang ◽  
Bin Cai ◽  
Zhenying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Lipid Membrane ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Snare Complex ◽  
Membrane Association ◽  
Vesicle Membrane ◽  
Spatial Regulation ◽  
Snare Motif ◽  
Mechanistic Basis

SummaryVesicle associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2) contains a conserved SNARE motif that forms helix bundles with the homologous motifs of syntaxin-1 and SNAP25 to assemble into a SNARE complex for the exocytosis of synaptic vesicles (SV). Prior to SNARE assembly, the structure of VAMP2 is unclear. Here, using in-cell NMR spectroscopy, we described the dynamic membrane association of VAMP2 SNARE motif in mammalian cells at atomic resolution, and further tracked the intracellular structural changes of VAMP2 upon the lipid environmental changes. The underlying mechanistic basis was then investigated by solution NMR combined with mass-spectrometry-based lipidomic profiling. We analyzed the lipid compositions of lipid-raft and non-raft phases of SV membrane and revealed that VAMP2 configures distinctive conformations in different phases of SV membrane. The phase of cholesterol-rich lipid rafts could largely weaken the association of SNARE motif with SV membrane and thus, facilitate vesicle docking; While in the non-raft phase, the SNARE motif tends to hibernate on SV membrane with minor activity. Our work provides a spatial regulation of different lipid membrane phases to the structure of core SNARE proteins, which deepens our knowledge on the modulation of SNARE machinery.

scholarly journals The relationship between parenting and development of toddlers aged 1-5 years in the working area of Rawang public health center, Padang city

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Miranie Safaringga ◽  
Uliy Iffah ◽  
Adinda Permata Sari
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Body Structure ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Quantitative Design ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

Children under five years of age when the increase in body structure and function becomes more complex and the ability to move fine, fine motion, language, and independence. The number of children under five who do not develop according to their age is triggered by parental care, where this care aims to meet the basic needs of toddlers so that they can grow and develop more optimally. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between parenting and the development of children aged 1-5 years in the working area of Puskesmas Rawang, Padang City. This research uses quantitative design with a cross section. This research was conducted in the working area of Puskesmas Rawang, Padang City. Data collection was carried out in March 2020. The sample of this study is mothers who have children aged 1-5 years who are in the working area of Puskesmas Rawang, Padang City, amounting to 79 people. The technique used in this study is proportional random sampling, for data collection using a questionnaire. The results of this study obtained 79 respondents consisting of mothers and toddlers with an average age of 12-24 months. Descriptively democratic parenting has a proportion of under five development in accordance with the highest value, namely 95.6% while authoritarian is 11.5%. Democratic parenting style affects the optimal development of toddlers.

Functional morphology and taxonomic significance of a novel cuticular Structure in Cretaceous Raninid crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura: Raninidae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Haj ◽  
Rodney M. Feldmann
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Upper Cretaceous ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Frictional Resistance ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Fort Worth ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Cuticular Structure ◽  
And Function

Fossil raninid crabs, Cretacoranina punctata (Rathbun, 1935), from the Pawpaw Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Fort Worth, Texas, exhibit an unusual cuticular morphology. Comparison of the cuticle of extant Raninoides louisianensis to that of C. punctata reveals general similarities in endocuticular, exocuticular, and epicuticular ultrastructure; however, their gross morphology is strikingly different. The surface of the carapace of C. punctata appears pebbled, much like the surface of a basketball, with closely packed, hexagonal caps. In cross-section, these caps are the upper portion of fungiform structures within convoluted exocuticle. Along the anterior margin, anterolateral margins, and pterygostomial region of the carapace of C. punctata each cap dips slightly posteriorly, creating a series of tiny terraces. In contrast to terrace lines, questa lines, spines, and nodes that provide frictional resistance in interactions with coarse-grained sediments, the fine relief and contouring of the pebbled surface of the carapace of C. punctata provides frictional resistance in interactions with fine-grained sediments. Cretacoranina dichrous, C. trechmanni, C. testacea, and C. schloenbachi, as well as Eucorystes carteri were all found to possess variations of the exocuticular structures seen on C. punctata. This pebbled surface has not been recognized in any other decapod taxon, nor has its structure and function been described previously.

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