INFLUENCE OF PAVEMENT TEXTURE ON TIRE ROLLING RESISTANCE AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE FUEL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS

Abstract Current demands by the consumer, the automobile industry, and the environment have determined the basis of this investigation. In the past, the requirements—ever faster, ever sportier—were accepted as decisive parameters for the development of our study. In the future, rational and safety-related tire characteristics as well as environmental consciousness will increase, whereas purely performance-related parameters will diminish in their importance. Through our light-weight tire project, we have paved the way for future tire generations. The first priority is the minimal use of material resources; this means a reduction of materials and energy in tire production by using advanced design and production methods without sacrificing performance standards. This benefits the consumer—the final judge of all of our activities—by considerably reducing the rolling resistance, leading to lower fuel consumption. Further design targets include the improvement of rolling behavior and increased comfort by reducing tire weight, and therefore a reduction in unsprung masses on the vehicle.

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Using Quantile Regression to Analyze the Relationship between Socioeconomic Indicators and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in G20 Countries

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13137011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 7011

Author(s):

Abdulaziz A. Alotaibi ◽

Naif Alajlan

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Quantile Regression ◽

Fuel Consumption ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Trade Openness ◽

Policy Coordination ◽

Socioeconomic Indicators ◽

Control Variables ◽

Fossil Fuel Consumption

Numerous studies addressed the impacts of social development and economic growth on the environment. This paper presents a study about the inclusive impact of social and economic factors on the environment by analyzing the association between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and two socioeconomic indicators, namely, Human Development Index (HDI) and Legatum Prosperity Index (LPI), under the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework. To this end, we developed a two-stage methodology. At first, a multivariate model was constructed that accurately explains CO2 emissions by selecting the appropriate set of control variables based on model quality statistics. The control variables include GDP per capita, urbanization, fossil fuel consumption, and trade openness. Then, quantile regression was used to empirically analyze the inclusive relationship between CO2 emissions and the socioeconomic indicators, which revealed many interesting results. First, decreasing CO2 emissions was coupled with inclusive socioeconomic development. Both LPI and HDI had a negative marginal relationship with CO2 emissions at quantiles from 0.2 to 1. Second, the EKC hypothesis was valid for G20 countries during the study period with an inflection point around quantile 0.15. Third, the fossil fuel consumption had a significant positive relation with CO2 emissions, whereas urbanization and trade openness had a negative relation during the study period. Finally, this study empirically indicates that effective policies and policy coordination on broad social, living, and economic dimensions can lead to reductions in CO2 emissions while preserving inclusive growth.

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Stated versus revealed knowledge: Determinants of offsetting CO2 emissions from fuel consumption in vehicle use

Energy Policy ◽

10.1016/j.enpol.2011.10.027 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 422-431 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Andreas Ziegler ◽

Julia Schwarzkopf ◽

Volker H. Hoffmann

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Co2 Emissions

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Development of Voyage Support System “Sea-Navi” for Lower Fuel Consumption and Co2 Emissions

10.3940/rina.es.2010.04 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

H Orihara ◽

◽

H Yoshida ◽

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Support System ◽

Lower Fuel Consumption

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The Study of Fuel-Saving Technology of GSI

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.392 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1070-1072 ◽

pp. 392-397

Author(s):

Jun Hui Xu ◽

Ming Qiu Gao ◽

Ji Qiang Gao ◽

Xiang Bao

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Fuel Economy ◽

Rolling Resistance ◽

Fuel Saving ◽

Pressure Monitoring ◽

Tire Pressure ◽

Engine Efficiency ◽

Tire Pressure Monitoring System ◽

The Eu

In the background of the main technologies of fuel economy in automobiles developed to a certain stage, it is necessary to reduce fuel consumption and increase the engine efficiency by developing other auxiliary technologies such as improving the ratio of pure energy drive, low rolling resistance tires, tire pressure monitoring system and gear shift indicators (GSI). This article introduces the principle of GSI, analyses how GSI works in improving engine efficiency, and then evaluates the method for determination of the relative saving rate of fuel consumption, which method was introduced in the EU regulation EC No. 65/2012.

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Influence of blends of diesel and renewable fuels on CI engine emissions over transient engine conditions.

10.31224/osf.io/m5x6t ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Adriaan Smuts Van Niekerk ◽

Benjamin Drew ◽

Neil Larsen ◽

Peter Kay

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Nox Emissions ◽

Compression Ignition ◽

Engine Emissions ◽

Drive Cycle ◽

Fuel Blend ◽

High Oxygen Content ◽

Fuel Blends ◽

Ci Engine

To reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released from transportation the EU has implemented legislation to mandate the renewable content of petrol and diesel fuels. However, due to the complexity of the combustion process the addition of renewable content, such as biodiesel and ethanol, can have a detrimental effect on other engine emissions. In particular the engine load can have a significant impact on the emissions. Most research that have studied this issue are based on steady state tests, that are unrealistic of real world driving and will not capture the difference between full and part loads. This study aims to address this by investigating the effect of renewable fuel blends of diesel, biodiesel and ethanol on the emissions of a compression ignition engine tested over the World Harmonised Light Vehicle Test Procedure (WLTP). Diesel, biodiesel and ethanol were blended to form binary and ternary blends, the ratios were determined by Design of Experiments (DoE). The total amount of emissions for CO, CO2 and NOx as well as the fuel consumption, were measured from a 2.4 liter compression ignition (CI) engine running over the WLTP drive cycle. The results depicted that percentages smaller than 10 % of ethanol in the fuel blend can reduce CO emissions, CO2 emissions as well as NOx emissions, but increases fuel consumption with increasing percentage of ethanol in the fuel blend. Blends with biodiesel resulted in minor increases in CO emissions due to the engine being operated in the low and medium load regions over the WLTP. CO2 emissions as well as NOx emissions increased as a result of the high oxygen content in biodiesel which promoted better combustion. Fuel consumption increased for blends with biodiesel as a result from biodiesel's lower heating value. All the statistical models describing the engine responses were significant and this demonstrated that a mixture DoE is suitable to quantify the effect of fuel blends on an engine's emissions response. An optimised ternary blend of B2E9 was found to be suitable as a 'drop in' fuel that will reduce harmful emissions of CO emissions by approximately 34 %, NOx emissions by 10 % and CO2 emissions by 21 % for transient engine operating scenarios such as the WLTP drive cycle.

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ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSALITY OF CO2 EMISSIONS, CONSUMPTION OF FOSSIL FUELS, ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION, AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA IN 1990-2019

AFEBI Economic and Finance Review ◽

10.47312/aefr.v4i02.265 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (02) ◽

pp. 113

Author(s):

Melati Intan Kurnia ◽

Hadi Sasana ◽

Yustirania Septiani

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Fuel Consumption ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Fossil Fuels ◽

Fossil Fuel ◽

Electricity Consumption ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Fossil Fuel Consumption

Increasing economic growth will spark against increased energy consumption. But on the other hand, increasing economic growth will also trigger the occurrence of natural damage and degradation of environmental quality derived from CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions are caused by oxidation process of fossil fuel energy. This research aims to know the causality relationship between CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, electricity consumption, and economic growth in Indonesia, as well as long-term relationship between CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, electricity consumption, to economic growth in Indonesia in 1990 – 2019. The used data is the secondary data that is in the form of data time series. The dependent variables of this study are economic growth, while independent variables are CO2 emissions, fossil fuel consumption, electricity consumption. The method that is used in this study is Vector Error Correction Model. The results showed that there was a one-way causality between economic growth and fossil fuel consumption, and between electricity consumption and CO2 emissions. The research also shows that on long-term CO2 emissions has a negative influence, while the consumption of fossil fuels and electricity has a positive effect on Indonesia's economic growth in 1990-2019.Keywords: CO2, Energy Consumption, Economic Growth.

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