scholarly journals Dinâmica de ocupação e passivos ambientais nos assentamentos rurais do município de Goiás-GO

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1429
Author(s):  
Leovigildo Aparecido Costa Santos ◽  
Iara Jaime De Pina ◽  
Thyago Rodrigues do Carmo Brito ◽  
Murilo Mendonça Oliveira De Souza ◽  
Manuel Eduardo Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Regional Trend ◽  
Environmental Liabilities ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Land Use And Cover

Estudos sobre a influência de assentamentos rurais no processo de desmatamento são normalmente controversos. Alguns apontam uma aceleração desse processo, enquanto outros demonstram que nesses locais a dinâmica de uso do solo segue uma tendência regional. No Cerrado (a savana brasileira) esse é um fenômeno ainda pouco conhecido. Nosso objetivo foi analisar o uso e a cobertura do solo em assentamentos rurais do município de Goiás – região com grande destaque nacional –, com foco nas áreas de preservação permanente (APPs) de cursos d’água. Foram empregadas técnicas de geoprocessamento e classificação de imagens de satélites para quatro anos (1985, 1991, 1995 e 2018), com abrangência temporal de 33 anos. Para verificar o padrão do uso do solo em áreas dentro e fora de APPs, nos assentamentos rurais e no restante do município, foram empregadas análises de componentes principais. Os resultados indicam que as áreas com vegetação nativa reduziram em 33% e 34%, para os assentamentos e o restante do município, respectivamente. As classes ligadas às atividades agropecuárias tiveram aumento entre o ano inicial e final do estudo. A ocupação do solo por atividades agropecuárias, dentro das áreas de preservação permanente, teve uma maior redução nos assentamentos. Concluímos que as dinâmicas do uso e ocupação do solo nos assentamentos e no restante do município seguem uma tendência parecida, porém com um atendimento ao código florestal ligeiramente maior nos assentamentos, representando uma maior conservação relativa de áreas nativas do Cerrado. Dynamics of occupation and environmental liabilities in rural settlements in the municipality of Goiás, Goiás A B S T R A C TStudies are controversial about the influence of the implantation of rural settlements in the deforestation process, some point that there is an acceleration of this process, others already show that in these places the dynamics of land use follows a regional trend. In the Cerrado (the Brazilian savannah) this is still a little-known phenomenon. Our objective was to analyze land use and cover in rural settlements and for the municipality of Goiás, where they are located, with a focus on permanent preservation areas (APPs) of water courses. Geoprocessing and satellite image classification techniques were used for four years (1985, 1991, 1995 and 2018), with a time span of 33 years. To check the pattern of land use in areas inside and outside APPs, in rural settlements and in the rest of the municipality, principal component analyzes were used. The results show that the areas with native vegetation reduced by 33% and 34%, for the settlements and the rest of the municipality, respectively. The classes linked to agricultural activities had an increase between the initial and final year of the study. The occupation of the land by agricultural activities, within the areas of permanent preservation, had a greater reduction in the settlements. We conclude that the dynamics of land use and occupation in the settlements and in the rest of the municipality follow a similar trend, it cannot be said that the settlements are responsible for a greater deforestation of native areas of the Cerrado.Keywords: deforestation, Cerrado, geoprocessing, land use.

scholarly journals Identifying Spatiotemporal Patterns in Land Use and Cover Samples from Satellite Image Time Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 974
Author(s):  
Lorena Alves Santos ◽  
Karine Ferreira ◽  
Michelle Picoli ◽  
Gilberto Camara ◽  
Raul Zurita-Milla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Self Organizing Maps ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Land Use And Cover

The use of satellite image time series analysis and machine learning methods brings new opportunities and challenges for land use and cover changes (LUCC) mapping over large areas. One of these challenges is the need for samples that properly represent the high variability of land used and cover classes over large areas to train supervised machine learning methods and to produce accurate LUCC maps. This paper addresses this challenge and presents a method to identify spatiotemporal patterns in land use and cover samples to infer subclasses through the phenological and spectral information provided by satellite image time series. The proposed method uses self-organizing maps (SOMs) to reduce the data dimensionality creating primary clusters. From these primary clusters, it uses hierarchical clustering to create subclusters that recognize intra-class variability intrinsic to different regions and periods, mainly in large areas and multiple years. To show how the method works, we use MODIS image time series associated to samples of cropland and pasture classes over the Cerrado biome in Brazil. The results prove that the proposed method is suitable for identifying spatiotemporal patterns in land use and cover samples that can be used to infer subclasses, mainly for crop-types.

scholarly journals Change dynamics of land-use and land-cover for tropical wetland management

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 632-644
Author(s):  
N. López ◽  
A. Márquez Romance ◽  
E. Guevara Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Wetland Management ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Landsat Images ◽  
Image Differencing ◽  
Change Dynamics ◽  
Image Pairs

Abstract In hydrographic basins with wetlands, changes in land use (LU) and land cover (LC) impact the conservation of natural resources, leading to dynamics analysis for integral management. A method is proposed offering greater accuracy in determining the LU and LC bi-temporal and spatial change dynamics in tropical wetlands. LU and LC monitoring is based on Landsat images from 1986 to 2017. ‘Pre-classification’ and ‘post-classification’ methods are applied. In the former, reflectance image differencing and principal component N° 1 image differencing are analyzed to estimate the rate of change/no change area. In the latter, supervised classification is carried out of image pairs from different dates. The principal components method shows that principal component N° 1 collects between 88 and 93% of the reflectance variance in n spectral bands of each satellite image, which improves accuracy in determining LU and LC change dynamics.

scholarly journals Effects of land-use and -cover changes on streamflow regime in the Brazilian Savannah

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 100934
Author(s):  
Luis Miguel Castillo Rápalo ◽  
Eduardo Morgan Uliana ◽  
Michel Castro Moreira ◽  
Demetrius David da Silva ◽  
Celso Bandeira de Melo Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Brazilian Savannah ◽  
Streamflow Regime ◽  
Effects Of Land Use ◽  
Land Use And Cover

Implication of Socio-economic Factors on Land Use and Forest Cover Changes in and Around Magamba Nature Reserve in Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Solomon Jeremiah Sembosi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Rural settlements in mountainous regions are a typical process that occurs in many places around the world and have a number of implications on the landscape. Among them is a threat it possesses to the conservation and management of Afromontane ecosystems. This study assessed the socio-economic factors that drive the changes in land use and forest cover and the extent of land use and vegetation cover in and around Magamba Nature Reserve. Focus group discussion, direct field observation and household survey were used to acquire socio-economic information that impacts land use and forest cover. Through the use of Remote Sensing and GIS methods Landsat satellite images of 1995, 2008 and 2015 were employed to identify the extent of the changes in land use and forest cover. The perceived factors for the changes include education level, unemployment, landless/limited, landholding, population pressure, expansion of built-up areas and agricultural land at the expense of other land covers. This study revealed the transformation of natural forest and associated vegetation from one form to another. There was a decrease in natural vegetation from 61.06% in 1995 to 26.02% in 2015 and increase in built-up areas by 6.69% and agricultural areas by 4.70%. This study recommends conservation monitoring and strong law enforcement relating to natural resources so as to promote sustainable use of resources to rescue the diminishing ecosystem services.

More accurate less meaningful? A critical physical geographer’s reflection on interpreting remote sensing land-use analyses

2021 ◽  
pp. 030913332199181
Author(s):  
Andreas Christian Braun
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Image Classification ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Normative Considerations

Land-use and land-cover analyses based on satellite image classification are used in most, if not all, sub-disciplines of physical geography. Data availability and increasingly simple image classification techniques – nowadays, even implemented in simple geographic information systems – increase the use of such analyses. To assess the quality of such land-use analyses, accuracy metrics are applied. The results are considered to have sufficient quality, exceeding thresholds published in the literature. A typical practice in many studies is to confuse accuracy in remote sensing with quality, as required by physical geography. However, notions such as quality are subject to normative considerations and performative practices, which differ between scientific domains. Recent calls for critical physical geography have stressed that scientific results cannot be understood separately from the values and practices underlying them. This article critically discusses the specific understanding of quality in remote sensing, outlining norms and practices shaping it and their relation to physical geography. It points out that, as a seeming paradox, results considered more accurate in remote sensing terms can be less informative – or meaningful – in geographical terms. Finally, a roadmap of how to apply remote sensing land-use analyses more constructively in physical geography is proposed.

Impacts of land use and cover type on runoff and soil erosion in a marginal area of Portugal

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 687-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adélia N. Nunes ◽  
António C. de Almeida ◽  
Celeste O.A. Coelho
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Cover Type ◽  
Land Use And Cover

scholarly journals The Productive Landscape in the Desert Margin for the Sustainable Development of Rural Settlements: An Innovative Greenbelt for Maranjab Desert in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2077
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Sarlak ◽  
Laura Valeria Ferretti ◽  
Rita Biasi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Green Belt ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
New Form ◽  
Low Levels

About two billion rural individuals depend on agricultural systems associated with a high amount of risk and low levels of yield in the drylands of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Human activities, climate change and natural extreme events are the most important drivers of desertification. This phenomenon has occurred in many regions of Iran, particularly in the villages in the periphery of the central desert of Iran, and has made living in the oases so difficult that the number of abandoned villages is increasing every year. Land abandonment and land-use change increase the risk of desertification. This study aims to respond to the research questions: (i) does the planning of green infrastructures on the desert margin affect the distribution and balance of the population? (ii) how should the green belt be designed to have the greatest impact on counteracting desertification?, and (iii) does the design of productive landscape provide the solution? Through a wide-ranging and comprehensive approach, this study develops different scenarios for designing a new form of green belt in order to sustainably manage the issues of environmental protection, agricultural tradition preservation and desertification counteraction. This study proposes a new-traditional greenbelt including small low-cost and low-tech projects adapted to rural scale.

High concentrations of metals in the waters from Araguari River lower section (Amazon biome): Relationship with land use and cover, ecotoxicological effects and risks to aquatic biota

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 131451
Author(s):  
Lucilene Finoto Viana ◽  
Fábio Kummrow ◽  
Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso ◽  
Nathalya Alice de Lima ◽  
Júlio César Jut Solórzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
Lower Section ◽  
Ecotoxicological Effects ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Land Use And Cover
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