scholarly journals Análise da Sensibilidade das Parametrizações no Modelo WRF para o Estado do Rio Grande do Sul Durante o Inverno de 2014 (Analysis Sensitivity of the Physics Parameterization WRF Model for the Rio Grande do Sul State on the winter of 2014)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Ricardo Antonio Mollmann Junior ◽  
Rita De Cassia Marques Alves ◽  
Gabriel Bonow Muchow ◽  
Bruno Dias Rodrigues ◽  
Rosiberto Salustiano da Silva Junior ◽  
...  

O objetivo do presente do estudo foi observar a sensibilidade das parametrizações do modelo WRF ao quantificar as variáveis em superfície: pressão atmosférica, temperatura do ar, umidade relativa e precipitação durante o Inverno de 2014 no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Os resultados foram demonstrados a partir de análise dos índices estatísticos, bias e Raiz do Erro Quadrático Médio (REQM), quando calculados para comparações entre os dados extraídos de 6 experimentos de simulações do modelo WRF com dados de estações de monitoramento do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET) no RS. Os experimentos foram configurados com diferentes parametrização físicas, para assim poder verificar qual combinação apresenta melhor desempenho na representação das condições de Inverno do RS. A partir do reconhecimento das diferentes interpretações físicas que cada conjunto de parametrização pode representar, foi apresentado um estudo de caso afim de diagnosticar as precipitações ocorridas no Estado, principalmente no município de Irai-RS. As análises partiu de um acompanhamento de evento de chuvas ocorrido entre os dias 25 e 30 de junho de 2014, utilizando-se de cartas dos campos meteorológicos de Linhas de Corrente em 850hPa e Precipitação. Percebeu-se que tanto temperatura quanto pressão, o bias e o REQM obtiveram diferenças não significativas entre os experimentos. A UR, no cálculo do bias mostrou uma grande diferença entre os experimentos, devido a forma de seu cálculo considerar apenas o erros sistemáticos, podendo haver cancelamento de erros entre subestimativas e superestimativas. A REQM para a mesma variável, mostrou que os experimentos não se diferenciaram em valores significativos, obtendo apenas nos experimentos 3 e 5, menor valor de erro em comparação aos outros experimentos (~2%). Ao tecer considerações sobre a precipitação, o bias diagnosticou subestimativas nos experimentos para as chuvas durante o inverno de 2014, entretanto no cálculo da REQM os experimentos não tiveram assentimento entre si, exceto o 4 e o 6, onde os valores dos erros totais ficaram inferiores à 2mm. Para o estudo de caso, onde foi acompanhado as chuvas ocorridas durante a passagem de um fenômeno Ciclone Extratropical, em todos os experimentos mostrou a caracterização do evento de precipitação. Com isso, ao diagnosticar a quantidade de precipitação durante o evento ocorrido sobre a estação meteorológica de Irai-RS com os dados do modelo, somado as análises estatísticas, o experimento 6 dentre as combinações de parametrizações apresentadas neste estudo, obteve o melhor desempenho para caracterizar o estado atmosférico durante o período de inverno no RS.   ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to observe the sensitivity of parameterizations of the WRF model to quantify the variables in surface: atmospheric pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and precipitation during the winter of 2014 in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS).  The results were demonstrated from analysis of statistical indices, bias and Mean Squared Error root (RMSE) calculated for comparisons between the data extracted from 6 experiments of the WRF model simulations with data from the National Institute of Meteorology monitoring stations (INMET) in RS. The experiments were configuring with different physical parameterization, so that it may examine what combination performs better in the representation of the RS winter conditions. From the recognition of different physical interpretations that each set of parameterization can represent, a case study was made in order to diagnose the precipitations that occurred in the State, mainly in the municipality of Irai. The analysis came from a monitoring rain event occurred between 25 and 30 June 2014, using meteorological fields of 850hPa stream lines and rainfall. However, realizes that both temperature as pressure, the bias and the RMSE obtained no significant differences between experiments. UR, in the calculation of bias showed a big difference between the experiments, because of the manner of calculation only considers the systematic errors, which may cause cancellation of errors between underestimation and overestimation. The RMSE for the same variable showed no differences in significant amounts in the experiments, only in experiments 3 and 5, smallest error value when compared to the other experiments (~ 2%). To develop some considerations on the precipitation, the bias diagnosed underestimates the experiments for the rains during the winter of 2014; however, in the calculation of RMSE the experiments had not consent to each other, except 4 and 6, where the values of total errors were lower to 2mm. For the case study, which was accompanied rainfall occurred during the passage of an extratropical cyclone, in all experiments showed the characterization of the precipitation event. Thus, to diagnose the amount of precipitation during the event occurring on the Irai weather station with model data, combined with statistical analysis, the experiment 6 from the parameterization of combinations shown in this study had the best performance to characterize the atmospheric state during the winter period in the RS. Keywords: Weather numerical forecast, WRF, physical parameterization, atmospheric modeling.   

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Adriano Cristian Gewehr ◽  
Carlos Alberto Diehl

RESUMO A estrutura de um setor é um dos fatores que atua como determinante da lucratividade de uma empresa. A empresa Alpha, objeto de estudo desta pesquisa, atua como fornecedora de insumos de tecidos para o cluster calçadista. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em avaliar o poder de barganha dos principais compradores da empresa Alpha, seguindo a taxonomia de Porter (2004), e os efeitos que trazem sobre a lucratividade e o posicionamento desta empresa. Para tanto, realizou-se estudo de caso, utilizando-se de pesquisa documental em estudos setoriais e nos registros contábeis da empresa, e de entrevistas com os gestores da Alpha e com seus principais compradores. A contribuição do estudo consiste em detalhar os complicadores, no que tange ao poder do comprador para este negócio, e que precisam ser gerenciados. Conclui-se que o setor comprador tem propensão a exercer baixo poder de barganha sobre a empresa, com base em pesquisa de elementos do setor e entrevistas com os gestores e compradores da Alpha. Verificou-se também que o posicionamento da Alpha é alinhado em relação às condições do setor, tendo assertividade em diferenciação, o que oportuniza margens mais altas, corroborando as evidências empíricas de outros estudos sobre o cluster calçadista do RS. Palavras-chave: Poder do comprador. Competitividade. Lucratividade. ABSTRACT The structure of a sector is one of the factors that currently determines the profitability of a company. The company Alpha, studied in this research, is a supplier of fabrics for the footwear manufacturing cluster. The objective of this study is to evaluate the bargaining power of the main buyers this company, based on Porter's taxonomy (2004), and the effects on the profitability and the positioning of this company. A case study was carried out, using document research on sector studies, the accounting records of the company, and interviews with the managers of Alpha and with their main buyers. The contribution of the study is that it details the complicating factors in relation to the buying power for this business, and that need to be managed. It concludes that the buying sector tends to exert low bargaining power over the company, based on the study of elements of the sector, and interviews with managers and buyers of Alpha. It was also found that the positioning of Alpha is coherent with the conditions of the sector, with differentiation is the best strategic option, as it enables higher profit martins, corroborating empirical evidence from other studies on the footwear cluster in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. Keywords: Buyer power. Competitiveness. Profitability.


10.28945/2834 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Keiko Nakayama ◽  
Bianca Smith Pilla ◽  
Erlaine Binotto ◽  
Ricardo Azambuja Silveira

This paper describes a case study concerning the human dimension in a Distance Learning (DL) program implemented at a telecommunications company in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The objective was to identify how the company addresses this perspective in the administration of their DL System. To attain the proposed objectives, documentation techniques, direct observation and interviews were used. The findings reveal that only some human aspects of DL are receiving priority in the company. It is reported that the DL have some problems of the traditional training and new problems as well. The research points out that a new learning model directed to knowledge build-up is needed.


Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Juventina Magrini ◽  
Paula Beatriz Araujo ◽  
Marcio Uehara-Prado

Terrestrial Isopods were sampled in four protected Atlantic Forest areas located in Serra do Mar, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. A total of 2,217 individuals of six species (Atlantoscia sp., Benthana werneri, Pseudodiploexochus tabularis, Pudeoniscus obscurus, Styloniscus spinosus and Trichorhina sp.) were captured in pitfall traps. The exotic species S. spinosus is recorded for the first time for the Americas. Another introduced species, P. tabularis, previously recorded only from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, had its geographic distribution extended to the state of São Paulo. The most abundant isopods in this study belong to an undescribed species of Atlantoscia.


Author(s):  
Marina Beretta Duarte ◽  
Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini ◽  
Letícia G. Martins ◽  
Ana Beatriz G. Veiga

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1607-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Mangueira Trevisan ◽  
Tatiele Nalin ◽  
Tassia Tonon ◽  
Lauren Monteiro Veiga ◽  
Paula Vargas ◽  
...  

Treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) includes the use of a metabolic formula which should be provided free of charge by the Unified Health System (SUS). This retrospective, observational study sought to characterize judicial channels to obtain PKU treatment in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Lawsuits filed between 2001- 2010 and having as beneficiaries PKU patients requesting treatment for the disease were included. Of 20 lawsuits filed, corresponding to 16.8% of RS patients with PKU, 19 were retrieved for analysis. Of these, only two sought to obtain therapies other than metabolic formula. In all the other 17 cases, prior treatment requests had been granted by the State Department of Health. Defendants included the State (n = 19), the Union (n = 1), and municipalities (n = 4). In 18/19 cases, the courts ruled in favor of the plaintiffs. Violation of the right to health and discontinuation of State-provided treatment were the main reasons for judicial recourse. Unlike other genetic diseases, patients with PKU seek legal remedy to obtain a product already covered by the national pharmaceutical assistance policy, suggesting that management failures are a driving factor for judicialization in Brazil.


Author(s):  
V E Schneider ◽  
M Poletto ◽  
D Peresin ◽  
S H Z Carra ◽  
D Vanni

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano de Oliveira Garcia ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Copatti ◽  
Flávio Wachholz ◽  
Waterloo Pereira Filho ◽  
Bernardo Baldisserotto

In this study we verified data of water temperatures collected by CORSAN-RS from 1996 to 2004 in several cities of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, and analyzed the possibility of raising the most cultivated fish species in Brazil. The water temperature from 1996 to 2004 was 16 to 28ºC in summer, 17 to 23ºC in fall, 14 to 17ºC (down to 9ºC in the coldest months) in winter and 14 to 21ºC in spring. Native species of this state, such as silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen), traíra (Hoplias malabaricus), dorado (Salminus brasiliensis), pintado (Pimelodus maculatus), as well as carps (family Cyprinidae), are resistant to the low winter temperatures. These species have a lower growth rate in coldest months (winter/spring) but a good development in warmer months (summer/fall), reaching a satisfactory performance throughout the year. In the periods of more intense cold, mortality of some introduced species, such as surubim from Amazon Basin (Pseudoplatystoma sp.), pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomus), pirarucu (Arapaimas gigas), pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) may occur. In addition, as most tropical species have a thermal range for growth and reproduction between 20 to 28ºC, some species may have poor development even in fall. Therefore, water temperature in this state should be considered in the choice of fish species to be cultivated.


2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioná Carreno ◽  
Ana Lúcia de Lourenzi Bonilha ◽  
Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa

OBJECTIVE To analyze the temporal evolution of maternal mortality and its spatial distribution.METHODS Ecological study with a sample made up of 845 maternal deaths in women between 10 and 49 years, registered from 1999 to 2008 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Data were obtained from Information System on Mortality of Ministry of Health. The maternal mortality ratio and the specific maternal mortality ratio were calculated from records, and analyzed by the Poisson regression model. In the spatial distribution, three maps of the state were built with the rates in the geographical macro-regions, in 1999, 2003, and 2008.RESULTS There was an increase of 2.0% in the period of ten years (95%CI 1.00;1.04; p = 0.01), with no significant change in the magnitude of the maternal mortality ratio. The Serra macro-region presented the highest maternal mortality ratio (1.15, 95%CI 1.08;1.21; p < 0.001). Most deaths in Rio Grande do Sul were of white women over 40 years, with a lower level of education. The time of delivery/abortion and postpartum are times of increased maternal risk, with a greater negative impact of direct causes such as hypertension and bleeding.CONCLUSIONS The lack of improvement in maternal mortality ratio indicates that public policies had no impact on women’s reproductive and maternal health. It is needed to qualify the attention to women’s health, especially in the prenatal period, seeking to identify and prevent risk factors, as a strategy of reducing maternal death.


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