scholarly journals Nawiązania do tradycji budownictwa wiejskiego w architekturze Wolnego Miasta Gdańska w dobie narodowego socjalizmu

Porta Aurea ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 174-205
Author(s):  
Jagoda Załęska-Kaczko
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
National Community ◽  
Free City Of Danzig ◽  
German Reich ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Estates ◽  
Local Materials ◽  
Rural Construction

After the establishment of the Free City of Danzig, the process of the renovation and inventory of arcaded houses (Vorlaubenhäuser) and timber -framed churches in the vicinity of Gdańsk began, along with the increasing scientific interest in them. At the same time, in numerous projects from the 1930s, the interest of architects in traditional rural construction, related to the orders of the Nationalist Socialist Party for certain types of structures, can be observed. In the suburbs of Gdańsk and Sopot, standard, posed as idyllic workers’ housing estates were founded, which were to combine the advantages of living in the countryside and in the city. The network of kindergartens of the National Socialist People’s Welfare (Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt) as well as youth hostels used by the Hitler Youth (Hitlerjugend) and the League of German Girls (Bund Deutscher Mädel) was expanded. According to the Blut -und -Boden ideology, a network of camps for the Land Service (Landdienst) for the Hitlerjugend, community houses for members of the NSDAP Party, and exemplary farms were also founded. The repertoire of local materials, traditional architectural details, as well as references in interior design were intended as manifestations of the regional identity, used by the National Socialist authorities to serve the purposes of the Party propaganda, which was creating the myth of an idyllic, strong, homogeneous national community and proving the uninterrupted continuity of German culture in the Free City of Danzig, despite its separation from the German Reich.

scholarly journals The Cities' Identities between Critical Regionalism and Globalization

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ingy El Zeini
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Critical Regionalism ◽  
Project Description ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Color Scheme ◽  
And Function ◽  
Student Projects ◽  
The City ◽  
Interior Design Students

“The task of critical regionalism is to rethink architecture through the concept of region.” (Tzonis & Lefaivre, 2003) The term critical regionalism, in its sense, raises several arguments in the architectural field. Critical regionalism could debate the essence of the utopian idea of international design, that every building can be placed anywhere and function with high compatibility. Critical regionalism questions the approaches used in international design; it opens up the idea that each region could have a specific characteristic that could serve function, form, and efficiency. This could also mean that each region will be distinct in the means of materials and treatments. “Critical regionalism self- consciously seeks to deconstruct universal modernism in terms of values and images which are locally cultivated, while at the same time adulterating these autochthonous elements with paradigms drawn from alien sources.” (Frarmpton, 1983) Critical Regionalism does not intend to revisit history or dwell in the past, but to find a middle ground between two extremes. The universal design that the modernists strive to achieve by spearing Louis Sullivan’s saying “Form follows function” wherever the building might exist, and the post modernists who celebrated ornamentation for its own sake. Globalization is definitely a benefit for designers as it expands the visual cultures; yet designers need to use this design exposure in a way that could benefit the environment and maximize the built environment's efficiency.This paper questions the possibility to use critical regionalism in promoting a region’s identity but at the same time adheres to the international developments. The aim is to explore the idea of critical regionalism applications, and whether it could relate to both international design and regional identity. Its being applied to four different interior design Master’s degree student projects in Florence, Italy. The students were given a specific building in the center of Florence to redesign but there were several fixed factors. First, the building should be a hotel that relates to the identity of the city of Florence, second, the design should be minimal, third the use of literal images or direct analogies were not allowed. The data is analyzed through a comparative study between the four projects in terms of concept, analogy, color scheme, materials and level of ornamentation.The paper represents results of this focus group of interior design students who are from different demographics with only fixed education levels’ postgraduates in either interior design or architecture, and project description.

Sonderdienst w Generalnym Gubernatorstwie

2016 ◽  
pp. 91-118
Author(s):  
Peter Black
Keyword(s):  
German Population ◽  
National Socialist ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Special Service ◽  
Police Personnel ◽  
Police Presence ◽  
The Government ◽  
German Reich ◽  
Civilian Authority ◽  
Polish Intelligentsia

The Sonderdienst (Special Service) was an enforcement agency developed by German SS and Police authorities, specifically in the Lublin District of the so called Government General (central and southeastern German-occupied Poland) to assist in enforcing German occupation ordinances in the cities and particularly in the countryside, where lack of police personnel, ignorance of local conditions, and perceived fear of partisan attack discouraged a direct German police presence. After February 1941, the SS and Police relinquished control over the Sonderdienst to the German civilian occupation authorities. Under civilian authority, the Sonderdienst was deployed at the Kreis level, under command of the so-called German Stadt- and Kreishauptmänner in detachments of approximately 30 men to carry out administrative enforcement activities when the civilian authorities were unable to count or SS and police support. This article examines how the Sonderdienst highlights the dependence of German administration in the Government General on locally recruited auxiliaries, particularly in the countryside. The Sonderdienst was conceived, developed, expanded, and deployed within the context of a bitter battle between German civilian authorities and the SS/police apparatus over control of local executive police power. This is hardly new; yet the Government General is unusual in that the German civilian authorities were able to fight the SS to a draw on this issue. Since its formation followed the recruitment of the “ethnic” and ideological “cream” of the ethnic German population of occupied Poland into agencies such as the Selbstschutz, and the Waffen SS, the Sonderdienst represents an early effort of the National Socialist authorities to fashion an ethnically conscious and ideologically committed corps from young men of questionable, even dubious, German ancestry and heritage. Finally, this study reveals not only the complicity of the civilian authorities in Nazi crimes, but the link in German-occupied Poland between “routine” administrative duties, such as collecting fines for ordinance violations, and the brutal persecution and annihilation of groups targeted as enemies of the German Reich, such as the Polish Jews. Civilian administrators and SS and police authorities shared the “National Socialist consensus” in occupied Poland. They wanted to annihilate the Jews and the Polish intelligentsia, to exploit the labor potential of the Polish masses, and to turn the Government General into a region of German settlement. As a part of this vision, the Sonderdienst was to serve not only as a police executive, but as a political and cultural steppingstone to full acceptance into the German “racial community.” There is no question that, even in “routine” duties, the Sonderdienst participated, more or less willingly, in the implementation of the most evil racist policies of the National Socialist regime.

Possibility of using compensatory urban drainage techniques as leisure units to expand public areas into subdivisions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geovana Geloni Parra ◽  
Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento Teixeira ◽  
Érico Masiero ◽  
Thais Borges Martins Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Social Interest ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Rain Gardens ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Retention Basin ◽  
Housing Complex ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Estates ◽  
Drainage Technique

Abstract Many housing estates of social interest have not contributed to implementing leisure areas and reducing their environmental and urban quality. This paper aims to propose a leisure unit using a compensatory urban drainage technique in a housing complex of social interest in the city of São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. The characterization of the area, land use and occupation surveys, area sectorization, and catchment division were carried out. Afterwards, proposals for interventions based on surface runoff were presented using calculations of existing runoff and future scenarios. Results related to environmental and social gains for the area are discussed, as well as the possibility of implementing decentralized compensatory techniques. Moreover, 156 rain gardens and 3 ditches were proposed throughout the subdivisions, which enabled a gain of 989m² of contribution area to infiltrate the whole area, and the use of the retention basin as a leisure area. The total storage volume achieved with the sum of all the techniques implemented was approximately 3,000 cubic meters more than that projected for the existing retention basin.

scholarly journals Methodology for Assessing the Transport Accessibility of Capital Objects in a Megacity Based on Geoinformation Data

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-415
Author(s):  
S. V. Mkhitaryan ◽  
Zh. B. Musatova ◽  
T. V. Murtuzalieva ◽  
G. S. Timokhina ◽  
I. P. Shirochenskaya
Keyword(s):  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Transport Accessibility ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Secondary Information ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Estates

Purpose: to present the author's methodology and the test results for calculating integral indicators of transport accessibility on the basis of weighted normalized private indicators for three housing estates in Moscow.Methods: the study is based on the application of methods for collecting factual material, its processing, systematic, comparative historical and structural-functional analysis, which were supplemented by multivariate analysis of secondary information using content analysis of existing methods for calculating indicators of transport accessibility of capital objects. The results and conclusions of the research are based on the use of the author's methodology for calculating integral indicators of transport accessibility based on weighted normalized private indicators for three housing estates in Moscow. The analysis of a possible set of criteria for assessing transport accessibility of housing estates in Moscow metropolis was carried out on the basis of the use of a geographic information system database GIS NextGIS QGIS.Results: a review of methodological approaches to the calculation of objective quantitative indicators characterizing the transport accessibility of capital objects is carried out; the author's methodology for calculating the integral indicators of the transport accessibility of residential complexes in Moscow is presented and tested on the basis of weighted normalized private criteria / indicators. The use of the authors’ methodology for calculating integral indicators of transport accessibility based on weighted normalized private criteria / indicators made it possible to calculate the values of indicators of transport accessibility for three housing estates in Moscow, calculate an integrated score for a set of transport accessibility criteria for each housing estate, to give a comparative quantitative assessment of their transport accessibility, to conduct a rating of housing estates in terms of their transport accessibility.Conclusions and Relevance: the presented results of approbation of the author's methodology for calculating the integral indicators of transport accessibility for housing estates in Moscow allow to conduct a comparative and dynamic analysis of housing estates (or larger units) transport accessibility. The results of such an analysis can be applied in order to develop programs for transport infrastructure development of the megacity as a whole, its certain districts and city parts, as well as to assess such programs efciency. The authors see the directions for future research in the defnition and calculation of indicators based on the city dwellers perception of the transport accessibility

scholarly journals The Importance of Interior Architecture to Meet Residents’ Needs in Gated Communities in Cairo

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Karam Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Gated Communities ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
The Third ◽  
Class A ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
The City ◽  
Open Access Article

The city of Cairo - since the beginning of the third millennium - has witnessed a constructional expansion of new cities for people of class A to live within gated communities, which provide luxury and safety. This research aims to identify the tangible and intangible needs from the occupants’ and the interior designer’s perspective, due to the diversity of these needs. The identification of these demands may help to clarify the requirements provided by the large construction companies, which will highlight the role of the interior designer in the design process of the residential units.Keywords: Interior design in Egypt, Contemporary Egyptian residences, Egyptian residential needs, Gated communities in Egypt.eISSN: 2398-4287© 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i11.1727

scholarly journals Stefanny Margaretha PERANCANGAN INTERIOR UNTUK KOMUNITAS RECYCLE SAMPAH PLASTIK SEBAGAI TEMPAT WISATA DAN PEMBELAJARAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Stefanny Margaretha ◽  
Alicia Inneke
Keyword(s):  
Service Learning ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Learning Space ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
The Government ◽  
Form Transformation ◽  
The City ◽  
Beautiful City

The city of Surabaya is the second largest city after Jakarta and of course is inhabited by millions of peoplewho produce trash every day, especially plastic waste which is mostly produced from used food containers,plastic cups, straws and plastic bags. Various methods are used by the government to overcome this problemso that the city of Surabaya can become a cleaner and more beautiful city. One community in Surabaya calledthe Waste Recycling Project is a caring community, focusing on the waste recycling activities in Surabaya.The Waste Recycling Project community is able to change the form (transformation) of waste into functionalgoods. This encourages this community to have a place where it can be developed into a community tourismdestination with a Human Centered Design approach where people and tourists can come to visit the WasteRecycling Project to tour and learn together about plastic waste management. This interior design is focusedon designing a community place that can accommodate gathering activities for service learning, space forplastic waste recycle workshop activities, and as a forum for aspirations of creative ideas as well as a gatheringplace for people who have interests and concerns for the surrounding environment.

scholarly journals Pasteloza – refurbishing of the PPR heritage

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64
Author(s):  
Sara Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Civic Participation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
State Administration ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Estates

Abstract Colourful zigzags, arcade game motifs, geometric figures, pseudo-frames of windows and even infantile drawings of flora and fauna – those are just some of the visible symptoms of the aesthetical and urbanistic chaotic condition also known as Polish pasteloza. One of the most common readings is that the excuse of thermal insulation is being (ab)used in order to radically erase the urbanistic, cultural and political heritage of Polish People’s Republic (PPR) from the city landscape. On the other hand, inhabitants of ‘pastelized’ housing estates claim to be satisfied not only with the insulation but also with their role in decision-making processes. A sense of alienation from one’s home seems to have gone away, together with the centralized state administration, and it is being replaced by citizen participation. The possibility of vindication of pasteloza’s ‘crimes against aesthetics’ will be deliberated in this paper – in order to pave a path for more complex understanding of this phenomenon that could offer a solution for achieving a compromise between aesthetics and civic participation in post-transition processes.

scholarly journals Modern architecture: articulation of regional identity

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Territorial Planning ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The article is devoted to the study of the relationship between cultural landscape and architecture. The article considers the development of the city of Almaty since its Foundation as city in the context of relations between architecture and cultural landscape. The master plan is considered in different time periods, issues and problems of modern urbanisation of the city are identified, including the problem of taking into account regional identity in territorial planning.

Architecture of Apocalypse, City of Lights

2019 ◽  
pp. 127-162
Author(s):  
Marion Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Urban Change ◽  
New Wave ◽  
New Towns ◽  
Post War ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Estates

The inception of the New Wave coincided with a profound mutation of the French urban fabric: parts of historic city centers were razed in post-war modernisation schemes, while 'new towns' were planned outside major cities to relieve the pressure of population growth. This chapter analyses New Wave filmmakers' diverse engagement with architecture - old and new - and urban change in both fictional and documentary genres. Themes for discussion include New Wave directors' ambivalent representation of the new forms of architectural modernity that emerged in France in the 1950s and 60s; their interrogation of the living conditions on modern housing estates; and their examination of the relationship between the built environment, affect, and memory. The chapter also considers the movement's fascination with the tactile textures and surfaces of the city.

scholarly journals Oxcart Route in the City: Tracking the Urbanization Process of an Agricultural Village in Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2153
Author(s):  
Kyung Wook Seo ◽  
Sugie Lee
Keyword(s):  
Current System ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Microscopic Interpretation ◽  
Macroscopic Approach ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
The City ◽  
Housing Estates ◽  
Land Types ◽  
Careful Investigation

In this research, we traced the process of urbanization of a small agricultural village in Korea through the massive construction of housing estates and the modern street network in the late 20th century. Whereas the existing literature tends to adopt a data-driven macroscopic approach to analyze periurban transformation, we concentrated on the morphological transition of old rural roads in a small village to provide a microscopic interpretation of how they are obliterated, fragmented, or preserved in relation to land types and the acquisition process. Through a careful investigation of various maps and archives, we found that the woodland was the main target for development. In contrast, clustered residential plots were the most enduring feature that resisted change, entailing that their internal route remained intact. To determine the potential benefit of an irregular old route within the modern block, network analysis was executed to measure its performance. The route was shown to provide efficient movement in the current system, especially within the scale of the old village. The preservation of old spatial legacy, therefore, helps assign historical, social, and practical meaning to the design a sustainable modern city.

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