Fond of Raissa Gourevich-Kroll-De Chirico-Calza (Raissa Lork) in the Library of Humanities, Siena

2018 ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Anna V. Uriadova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Central State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Private Collections

The article strives to describe the fond of Raissa Calza (1897–1979) in the Library of Humanities of Siena and documents in it. For this purpose, the author has carried out the following tasks: she has studied Russian and foreign historiography on the issue; she has analyzed sources on the issue; and drawing on these, she has studied the biography of Raisa Calza; she has reviewed the archival fond and analyzed its documents. Having reviewed the historiography, the author comes to the conclusion that the fate of Raisa Calza, her creativity, and scientific work has been poorly studied, especially by Russian historians. There are few articles dedicated to the Calza collection in the Library of Humanities. Studying the sources (personal and business letters, diary, notebooks, memoirs, photographs, scientific works) associated with Raisa and her connections allows to identify their nature and main features and to supplement, clarify, and flesh out the biography of Raissa Calza. These documents are sources on more than everyday life and microhistory. They can be used in studying the history of Russian emigration, of Russian-Italian cultural relations, of archeology. The fate of Raisa Calza is interesting in itself, as a fate of a woman, an individual, amidst historical events of the 20th century. The chronological frameworks of the study coincide with the chronology of Raisa Calza’s documents preserved in the Siena’s library (1900s-1970s). The article includes an overview of the creation of the archive in the Library of Humanities of Siena and that of the Raissa Calza fond, which came into existence when she donated her documents to the Library in 1970s. The article studies the structure of the Raissa Calza fond: boxes I, VI – letters, postcards, telegrams, dairy, history of Gourevitch, Tumarkin and Frenkley families; II-IV – ‘Ostia’ containing materials on the excavations of Antic Ostia; V – various documents, boxes of photos. The author concludes that these sources should be introduces into scientific use. The collection proves that documents on Russian history are available not only in central state archives and private collections, but also in universities. It challenges historians to start researching universities libraries and archives. The article also names other foreign archives containing documents of Raissa Calza.

scholarly journals The Fates of Priests in Russia: THE VVEDENSKYS

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Irina Leonidovna Babich
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Central State ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
History Museum ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Camp Life ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
The Church

The research subject of this study is the fate of a priest in Russia: Fr. Dmitry Vvedensky, who began his ministry before the Revolution, lived through Soviet camps, was convicted three times, managed to survive the difficult conditions of camp life and continued to serve after the death of Stalin.The research object of this study is the Vvedensky dynasty of priests.The author considers D. Vvedensky's life in the context of the priestly environment in which he found himself. At the microhistory level, the author describes the fate of one of the representatives of the Russian Orthodox clergy during a civilizational breakdown. The study was prepared on the basis of two kinds of sources: firstly, archival materials from the state archives (the State Archive of the Russian Federation and the Central State Historical Archive of Moscow) and private collections (the Vvedensky family archive, which was donated to the Church and History Museum of the Men's Stavropegalny Danilov Monastery of the Russian Orthodox Church ); secondly, interviews with the descendants of the Vvedensky family: the granddaughter of Fr. Dmitry - Lyubov', the grandson of Fr. Dmitry's brother - Rostislav, the niece of Fr. Dmitry's wife - I. K. Miloslavina, the granddaughter of the second priest serving in the same "Life-Giving Spring" Church with Fr. Dmitry, - E. P. Thebes.The scientific novelty of this research is its introduction into scientific circulation of new archival materials concerning the life of Russian priests, including from new archives, in particular, the Vvedensky archive stored in the Danilov Monastery.The study of priestly fates on the example of the Vvedensky family has made it possible for the author to identify the main trends in the life of the priesthood at the turn of the Russian-imperial and Soviet periods in the history of Russia.

scholarly journals The development of photography in Samara in the middle of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Anastasiya Andreevna Androsova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Political History ◽  
Central State ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Regional State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The City

The paper deals with the development of photography in Samara and the Samara province during the period of the Samara province establishment to the beginning of the 20th century. The history of the photography as a technology is briefly presented. The paper also contains the data on the chronology of photo workshops appearance in Samara and the province as well as of the first photo business organizers. The author also describes methods of photography lovers organization in Samara at the turn of the 19th20th centuries. The main categories of photographs of the period under review are considered. Having appeared almost simultaneously with the establishment of the province, the photographic business in Samara became an integral part of cultural life at the beginning of the 20th century. Photography in pre-revolutionary Samara developed from individual wealthy citizens entertaining to the establishment of the Samara Photographic Society. By 1917 photographic establishments had spread throughout the Samara province and were accessible to most residents. The analysis of the photographic documents used allows us to say that the Samara photography of the period under review was dominated by photographic portraits and photographs, photographic postcards with views of the city. The paper is based primarily on documents and photographs of the Central State Archives of the Samara Region and the Samara Regional State Archives of Socio-Political History, most of which have not been included in scientific circulation.

Economic Views of L. Trotsky

2004 ◽  
pp. 142-157
Author(s):  
M. Voeikov ◽  
S. Dzarasov
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Russian Revolution ◽  
Russian History ◽  
History Of

The paper written in the light of 125th birth anniversary of L. Trotsky analyzes the life and ideas of one of the most prominent figures in the Russian history of the 20th century. He was one of the leaders of the Russian revolution in its Bolshevik period, worked with V. Lenin and played a significant role in the Civil War. Rejected by the party bureaucracy L. Trotsky led uncompromising struggle against Stalinism, defending his own understanding of the revolutionary ideals. The authors try to explain these events in historical perspective, avoiding biases of both Stalinism and anticommunism.

La Storia dell’Età Moderna nelle „Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Biblioteken“: lo specchio di un secolo di ricerche

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Irene Fosi
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Social Composition ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Papal Court

AbstractThe article examines the topics relating to the early modern period covered by the journal „Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken“ in the hundred volumes since its first publication. Thanks to the index (1898–1995), published in 1997 and the availability online on the website perpectivia.net (since 1958), it is possible to identify constants and changes in historiographical interests. Initially, the focus was on the publication of sources in the Vatican Secret Archive (now the Vatican Apostolic Archive) relating to the history of Germany. The topics covered later gradually broadened to include the history of the Papacy, the social composition of the Curia and the Papal court and Papal diplomacy with a specific focus on nunciatures, among others. Within a lively historiographical context, connected to historical events in Germany in the 20th century, attention to themes and sources relating to the Middle Ages continues to predominate with respect to topics connected to the early modern period.

scholarly journals Between Berlin and Moscow: Polish Western Thought in the Twenty-Year Interwar Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Masnyk
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Academic Publications ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
The Russian Empire

This article deals with the professional discussion about the so-called “difficult questions” of Russian history that involves historians and teachers in the now independent republics of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Block. Both academic publications and teaching books are used as primary sources for the study. In the first section, the author studies several problems connected with the origin of Russian statehood, the Varangian question, and civilizational characteristics of East Slavic nations. The second section is devoted to the Russian imperial past and especially to the discourse on colonialism, which is often used as an explanatory model for the imperial period by historians and textbook authors in some of the post-Soviet countries. The third section is concerned with the conception of the 1917 revolution. The author emphasizes the fact that the conception of a continuous revolutionary process (1917–1922) has yet to be accepted by Russian secondary schools. In this part, the author considers several other factors significant for understanding the revolutionary process including issues such as the origins of the First World War and the developmental level of the Russian Empire in the early twentieth century. In the fourth section, the article discusses the conception of the 1930s Soviet modernization along with negative opinions about the Soviet period given by scholars of different former Soviet republics. In the fifth section, the author briefly observes contemporary studies of culture and everyday life. It is concluded that the history of culture is not represented well in Russian school textbooks, and it is also found that the studies on everyday life are often lacking in depth. Discussing various “difficult questions” of Russian history, the author highlights controversial historical ideas and opinions, formulated in the post-Soviet countries during the last decades.

THE ISSUE OF PRIVATE COLLECTIONS OF THE DOCUMENTS ON THE HISTORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941–1945. THE ARCHIVE OF I. S. STRELBITSKY

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Chirkov
Keyword(s):  
Assistant Professor ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Central State ◽  
War Memory ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Private Collections

The author of this article, historian-archivist, archival scientist and archaeographer Sergey Vasilievich Chirkov (1947–2020) passed away shortly before the scientific conference “Archives and War; Memory of the Past, and Historical and Documentary Heritage”. It was organized by the Department of History and Organization of Archives Administration of the Russian State University for the Humanities where he worked as an assistant professor for many years. Sergey Vasilievich was planning to participate in the conference with his report about the Great Patriotic War materials based on the private collections and funds of the Central State Archives of the Moscow region (CSAMR). Elena Alekseevna Chirkova, his widow, reworked his paper into a scientific article, which is presented in this journal. The article is devoted to the analysis of the documents from the personal fund of Lieutenant-General of Artillery Ivan Semenovich Strelbitsky. The fund contains unique historical sources which were presented to the Central State Archives of the Moscow region by M.M. Strelbitskaya, the widow of the General. The unique resources incorporate biographical materials, award documents for orders and certificates for medals received during the war, memoires, epistolary heritage. There is also a great number of photographs in the fund: mainly group photographs of soldiers and commanders of the units and subunits that General Strelbitsky served with.

History of the Press in Equatorial Guinea in the 20th Century: Periodicals Published in Equatorial Guinea 1901–2000

2015 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. vii-xxix
Author(s):  
Carlos González Echegaray
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Recent History ◽  
The Press ◽  
Bibliographic Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Parallel Action

No one today doubts that the press is an essential tool to know and understand recent history of countries and nations. And not just from the standpoint of politics and economics but also of everyday life, reflected in these types of publications, sometimes undervalued by historians and others. The evolution of the press in developed countries has been the subject of several studies. A parallel action is needed for the still recently established African states, paying special attention to the post-independence period. For this research an inventory of the titles of those publications is essential, as well as bibliographic data that can be documented.

I. On the osteology of the hyopotamidæ

1873 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 19-94 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
South American ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Complete Investigation

The paper which I lay before the Society is an attempt to treat with sufficient osteological detail an extinct family of Ungulates which had an immense range of distribution and a great variety of forms in the two periods of the earth’s history which preceded our own. The fate this family has met with at the hands of palæontologists is a somewhat sad one, presenting a warning example of the unscientific method that was paramount in the palæontology of the Mammalia after the time of Cuvier. With the exception of England, where here the study of fossil Mammalia was founded on a sound basis, and some glorious exceptions on the continent, we have very few good palæontological memoirs in which the osteology of extinct mammals has been treated with sufficient detail and discrimination; and things have come to such a pass, that we know far better the osteology of South American, Australian, and Asiatic genera of fossil mammals than of those found in Europe. Nearly all fossil Mammalia which have been described in detail belong to genera that still exist on our globe, or whose differences from fossil forms are trifling. After the splendid osteological investigations of Cuvier had revealed to science a glimpse of a new mammalian world of wonderful richness, his successors have been bent rather on multiplying the diversity of this extinct creation, than on diligently studying the organization of the fossil forms that successively turned up under the zeal of amateurs and collectors. From the year 1828, and even before, when Laizer, Pomel, Croiset, and others began to give short notices on the Mammalia of Auvergne, mammalian genera and species from this locality have been multiplied at a prodigious rate, every private collector giving his own generic and specific names, with no better description than stating the real or supposed number of teeth, and some phrases as to the general resemblances of the fossil in question. Others substituted in their short notices other names, while the scientific work of description did not proceed further than the mere counting of the number of teeth. This process has given rise to such an utter confusion in the palæontology of the extinct Paridigitata, that even now (forty years after the date of the earliest notices) we are utterly ignorant of the true extent and organization of the Miocene mammalian fauna of Auvergne, for instance—though materials for a detailed study of the subject abound in all great public, and many private, collections, the fossils being very common. No palæontologist, even of the highest standing, could boast of knowing, in our own time what Dremotherium, Dorcatherium, Elaphotherium, Gelocus , and so on really are, what are the bones belonging to each set of teeth (as the names were mostly given to these last), whether they had horns or were hornless like the Tragulidæ , and so on. If we add that German authors described the genera of Paridigitates which were found and named in France under different names (as Palæomeryx , Microtherium , Hyotherium , and so on), when they came from German localities, the confusion may be guessed. Having no good descriptions and no figures of the genera noticed in France, the German authors almost necessarily fell into the mistake of renaming what was already named. Once named, the genus was allowed to go forth with the short and wholly insufficient characteristics given to it by the first describer, the impossibility of adding one’s name after the generic or specific designation seeming to take all interest from it. And this, moreover, is the best case; for frequently the same form was described by an other palæontologist under a different generic name, or, if this was Utterly impossible, a new species was made of it, founded on some difference in size or other trifling character. Happily, however, a reaction began to set in, one of the first to head it on the Continent being Rütimeyer, who did not confine his study merely to the teeth of fossil Mammalia, but aimed with brilliant success at a complete investigation of the osteology of the extinct genera and of their affinities with the living ones. Gaudry’s work on the fossils of Pikermi (the best palæontological work that has appeared in France since Cuvier’s 'Ossemens Fossiles’), Fraas’s 'Fauna von Steinheim,’ Alphonse Milne-Edwards’s 'Oiseaux Fossiles,’ and many others may be cited as examples to prove that the new tendency has fairly set in and will bear good fruit. The wide acceptance by thinking naturalists of Darwin’s theory has given a new life to palæontological research; the investigation of fossil forms has been elevated from a merely inquisitive study of what were deemed to be arbitrary acts of creation to a deep scientific investigation of forms allied naturally and in direct connexion with those now peopling the globe, and the knowledge of which will remain imperfect and incomplete without a thorough knowledge of all the forms that have preceded them in the past history of our globe.

scholarly journals Deportation Everyday Life: sources and materials (in case of East Kazakhstan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-62
Author(s):  
B.Zh. Atantayeva ◽  
◽  
T.A. Kamaljanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Central State ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
The Status ◽  
East Kazakhstan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Archives ◽  
The Right

Based on the studied documentary sources of the Central State Archives and the Archives of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Almaty), regional archives of the East Kazakhstan (Ust-Kamenogorsk, Semey, Ayaguz), where is a whole layer of documents on the topic under consideration, an objective picture of everyday life peoples deported to the territory of the East Kazakhstan: Germans, Chechens, Ingush, etc. are recreated. In the late 1930s, the deported peoples were sent to remote areas for special settlements (hence the name «special settlers», «special settlers»). Kazakhstan was also included among such territories. Whole peoples forcibly evicted from their homes formally retained the status of full-fledged Soviet citizens but were deprived of the right of movement and free choice of residence.The documents contained in the archives make it possible to reveal various aspects of the topic under consideration, showing the daily life of the special settlers: the difficulties and problems they encountered during resettlement and placement in a new place. The systematization of the identified sources made it possible to determine the number and resettlement of the special settlers, their household and labor structure. Analysis of the documents showed that the placement of the special settlers in the new place was difficult, which led to negative social and demographic consequences. The situation of the deported peoples, despite the measures taken for the household and labor arrangement, was difficult. The deportation of peoples led to irreparable damage to the material and spiritual culture of ethnic groups, doomed people to a low social status and standard of living. However, thanks to the support of the local population, people were able not only to survive, but also by adapting to new conditions, to contribute to the economic development of the region at this difficult time. The article provides a thorough and detailed analysis of the sources of the regional archive, which made it possible to solve the tasks, set in the work and draw appropriate conclusions based on the analysis.

scholarly journals UIBYSHEV WRITERS DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (BASED ON THE PERSONAL FUND OF V.E. KOZIN.) (R-1389 TSGASO FOUNDATION)

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
M.A. Ermolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Historical Research ◽  
Central State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Archives

The article describes the biography of V.E. Kozin, his personal fund in the Central State Archives of the Samara Region is analyzed, the historical and informational potential of documents of the personal fund for specific historical research on the history of the Kuibyshev Writers' Organization during the Great Patriotic War is determined.

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