scholarly journals THE FUNDAMENTAL PATTERNS OF COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF STEEL INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Niki Barenda Sari ◽  
Nagendra Shrestha ◽  
Craig Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Steel Industry ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Instrument Variable ◽  
Strong Position ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Relative Productivity ◽  
Productivity Measurements ◽  
Key Parameter

Abstrak Pengukuran produktivitas yang akurat dapat memberikan informasi yang berguna dalam meningkatkan daya saing. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memahami perbedaan dalam produktivitas relatif antar-negara. Hal ini memungkinkan negara untuk fokus dan berspesialisasi dalam produk-produk mereka yang relatif lebih produktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola dasar keunggulan komparatif, dengan industri baja Indonesia sebagai fokus analisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis RCA berbasis regresi dengan metode variabel instrumen (instrument variable/IV) yang menggunakan data ekspor dari 25 negara ke 35 negara tujuan dari tahun 2010-2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki keunggulan komparatif terkuat di industri baja di antara negara-negara ASEAN. Meskipun industri baja adalah industri ke-27 dalam peringkat nilai keunggulan komparatif dalam negeri Indonesia, ada beberapa produk yang memiliki keunggulan komparatif yang kuat dan bahkan memiliki posisi yang kuat secara internasional. Selain itu, penting untuk mengikutsertakan beberapa negara ASEAN sebagai observasi dalam mengestimasi parameter kunci produktivitas karena menghasilkan estimasi baru θ, yang masih sejalan dengan literatur yang ada.   Abstract Accurate productivity measurements can provide useful information in improving competitiveness. Therefore, it is important to understand the differences in relative productivity among countries, allowing countries to focus and specialize in their relatively more productive products. This study aims to analyze the fundamental patterns of comparative advantage, with the Indonesian steel industry as the focus of analysis. This research uses the regression-based method of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) analysis with an instrument variable (IV) method that employs export data from 25 exporting countries to 35 destination countries during 2010 - 2017. The result shows that Indonesia has the strongest comparative advantage in the steel industry among the ASEAN countries. Even though the steel industry is ranked 27th in Indonesia’s comparative advantage values, several products have a strong comparative advantage and even a strong position internationally. In addition, it is worth including some ASEAN countries in the observation of estimating the key parameter of productivity, while not the main focus of the paper, yields a new estimate of θ, which is still in line with the literature. JEL Classification: F11, F13, F14

scholarly journals DAYA SAING REMPAH INDONESIA DI PASAR ASEAN PERIODE PRA DAN PASCA KRISIS EKONOMI GLOBAL

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwan Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Industry Trade ◽  
Export Competitiveness ◽  
Cultivation Technique ◽  
Asean Countries

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat daya saing ekspor rempah Indonesia di pasar ASEAN dan tingkat intensitas persaingan ekspor rempah dari negara-negara ASEAN. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Intra-Industry Trade (IIT), Index of Export Overlap (IEO), dan Index of Export Similarity (IES). Sedangkan data yang digunakan adalah data tahunan periode tahun 2005-2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya saing rempah Indonesia di pasar ASEAN mengalami perubahan antar periode pengamatan. Pada periode sebelum dan saat krisis ekonomi banyak komoditas rempah Indonesia berdaya saing rendah. Sedangkan pada saat pasca krisis ekonomi kondisi daya saing rempah tersebut mengalami peningkatan, khususnya vanili, kayu manis, jahe, kunyit, safron, timi, daun salam, daun kari, dan lada. Apabila dilihat dari sisi persaingan komoditas rempah negara-negara ASEAN di pasar Indonesia maka intensitasnya cenderung menurun. Lada dari Filipina, vanili dari Thailand, dan cengkeh dari Malaysia dapat menjadi kompetitor yang potensial di pasar rempah Indonesia karena daya saingnya meningkat di saat negara-negara lain menurun. Pemerintah Indonesia dapat melakukan upaya-upaya untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan potensi daya saing rempah melalui (a) teknik budidaya yang baik, (b) pengembangan industri hilir, (c) pemanfaatan bursa komoditas, dan (e) perbaikan fasilitasi perdagangan. The study aims at analyzing the level of export competitiveness of Indonesian spices and the intensity level of spices export competitiveness among ASEAN countries. This study used Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Intra-Industry Trade (IIT), Index of Export Overlap (IEO), and Index of Export Similarity (IES) approaches. The data used were time series during 2005-2013. The results showed that in the period before and during economic crises, most of Indonesian spice commodities are considered in the low level of competitiveness. However, that level has improved after the Indonesian economic crises, particularly for some spice commodities such as: vanilla, cinnamon, ginger, saffron, turmeric, thyme, bay leaves, and curry. Seen from the ASEAN countries’ spice commodities in Indonesian market, the level of competitiveness tends to decline in the intensity. Philippines pepper, Thai vanilla, and Malaysian clove may become the potential competitors in Indonesian market showing that those countries have increased the level of competitiveness whereas other ASEAN countries have decreased. Indonesian government should maintain and stimulate the potential spice competitiveness through: (a) an application of good cultivation technique, (b) a development of downstream industry, (c) a utilization of commodity exchange, and (e) an improvement of trade facilitation.

scholarly journals Competitiveness of Indonesian beef trading in Asean

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
S. Sutawi ◽  
L. Hendraningsih ◽  
A. Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Calculation Result ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Competitive Position ◽  
International Trading ◽  
Asean Countries

This research was aimed to analyze Indonesian beef trading competitive position and specialization in ASEAN countries. This research was conducted in Indonesia with nine other ASEAN members (Brunei, Cambodia, Laos PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) as the comparison. The research used secondary data of beef export and import values, and export commodities from Indonesia and nine other ASEAN countries in 2013 to 2017. Beef competitive position was measured by using Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method, while the development of beef commodity in international trading was measured by using Trading Specialization Index (TSI) method. RCA calculation result in 2013-2017 showed the lowest comparative advantage of Indonesian beef trading in ASEAN (RCA = 0.000). TSI calculation result in 2013-2017 showed that Indonesian beef trading commodity was in introduction stage in international trading (TSI=-1.000).

scholarly journals Competitiveness among Asian Exporters in the World Rice Market.

2009 ◽  
Vol 48 (4II) ◽  
pp. 783-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Tahir Mukhtar ◽  
Muhammad Tariq Javed
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Trade Barriers ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Gradual Reduction ◽  
The World ◽  
Export Competitiveness

With the gradual reduction in trade barriers led by the process of globalisation, more emphasis is now being placed on promoting export competitiveness. Asia is the home of many of the world’s top rice exporters. The food-price crisis has divided Asia into “rice haves” and “rice have-nots”. In order to describe the processes involved in securing and maintaining international competitiveness in rice exports, the present study has used the Balassa and White indices of revealed comparative advantage and revealed competitive advantage respectively. Results have revealed that Pakistan is the most competitive country in rice trade and ranks first in both agricultural product trade and total merchandise exports. JEL classification: C12, C43, Q17 Keywords: Asian Countries, Competitiveness, Revealed Comparative Advantage, Revealed Competitive Advantage.

DAYA SAING EKSPOR PRODUK CPO INDONESIA DAN POTENSI HILIRISASI DIOLAH MENJADI BIODIESEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danar Agus Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Global Market ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
A Value ◽  
World Demand ◽  
Domestic Use

ABSTRACTIndonesia is the world's largest producer of crude palm oil (CPO). Even so, the trend of international trade in Indonesian CPO products has decreased in the last 10 years with a value of -10.19%. The decline in world demand for CPO can be dealt with by utilizing CPO as a biofuel for domestic use, like biodiesel. The purpose of this study is to determine the competitiveness of Indonesian CPO in global trade and determine the parameters of the quality requirements of CPO and biodiesel. The competitiveness analysis method uses the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method, while the analysis of the potential quality of CPO as a biofuel is carried out by analyzing the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). CPO trade in the global market is controlled by Indonesia with a market share of 50% and Malaysia 25.6%, with the declining trade trend in the last 10 years relatively (2010-2019) of -6.91%. The level of competitiveness of Indonesian CPO products in 2019 is very strong, but on average in the last 10 years, the level of competitiveness of Indonesian CPO is no better than that of Malaysia. Indonesia has SNI 01-2901-2006 and SNI 7182: 2015 as a determinant of the quality of CPO and biodiesel products developed in Indonesia so that the CPO and biodiesel produced fullfil sacurity and safety aspects when used by consumers.Keywords: crude palm oil (CPO), competitivenessv, quality, Indonesian National Standard (SNI) ABSTRAKIndonesia merupakan negara produsen minyak kelapa sawit mentah/ Crude Palm Oil (CPO) terbesar di dunia. Meskipun demikian, tren perdagangan internasional produk CPO Indonesia mengalami penurunan dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir dengan nilai -10,19%. Penurunan permintaan dunia terhadap CPO, dapat disiasati dengan memanfaatkan CPO sebagai bahan bakar nabati untuk keperluan dalam negeri sebagai biodiesel. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui daya saing CPO Indonesia dalam perdagangan global dan mengetahui parameter persyaratan mutu CPO dan biodiesel. Metode analisis daya saing menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), sedangkan analisis potensi kualitas CPO sebagai biofuel dilakukan dengan menganalisis Standar Nasional Indoensia (SNI). Perdagangan CPO dalam pasar global dikuasai oleh Indonesia dengan pangsa pasar 50% dan Malaysia 25,6%, dengan tren perdagangan relatif menurun dalam 10 tahun terakhir (2010-2019) sebesar -6,91%. Tingkat daya saing produk CPO Indonesia pada tahun 2019 sangat kuat, namun secara rata-rata dalam 10 tahun terakhir, tingkat daya saing CPO Indonesia tidak lebih baik dari Malaysia. Indonesia memiliki SNI 01-2901-2006 dan SNI 7182:2015 sebagai penentu kualitas produk CPO dan biodiesel yang dikembangkan di Indonesia, sehingga CPO dan biodiesel yang dihasilkan memenuhi aspek keamanan dan keselamatan ketika digunakan oleh konsumen.Kata kunci: crude palm oil (CPO), daya saing, kualitas, Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI)

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