Acute Effect of Scalding Injury on Blood Flow in Muscle and Subcutaneous Tissue in the Paw of the Anaesthetized Dog

1. Six healthy male subjects received 0.9% (w/v) NaCl (saline) followed by incremental doses of bradykinin (1, 3 and 10 pmol/min), via the left brachial artery. Blood flow and the response of blood flow to lower-body negative pressure were measured in both forearms during infusion of saline and each dose of bradykinin. 2. Bradykinin produced a moderate and dose-dependent increase in blood flow in the infused, but not the non-infused, forearm. Lower-body negative pressure produced an approximately 15–20% reduction in blood flow in both forearms, and this response was unaffected by local infusion of bradykinin. 3. Bradykinin, in contrast to angiotensin II, had no acute effect on peripheral sympathetic responses to lower-body negative pressure. We conclude that, in forearm resistance vessels in man, withdrawal of angiotensin II, rather than accumulation of bradykinin, is likely to account for the attenuation of peripheral sympathetic responses after acute administration of a converting-enzyme inhibitor.

Download Full-text

Acute Effect of Hypervolemic Hemodilution on Retrobulbar Hemodynamics in Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/4756313 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Marion Bienert ◽

Niklas Plange ◽

Andreas Remky ◽

Kay Oliver Arend ◽

David Kuerten

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Hydroxyethyl Starch ◽

Optic Neuropathy ◽

Acute Effect ◽

Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy ◽

Ischemic Optic Neuropathy ◽

Hypervolemic Hemodilution ◽

Blood Flow Velocities ◽

Retrobulbar Hemodynamics ◽

Flow Velocities

Purpose.Ischemic ocular disorders may be treated by hypervolemic hemodilution. The presumed therapeutic benefit is based on a volume effect and improved rheological factors. The aim was to investigate the acute effect of intravenous hydroxyethyl starch on retrobulbar hemodynamics in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).Methods.24 patients with acute NAION were included. Retrobulbar hemodynamics were measured using color Doppler imaging before and 15 min after intravenous infusion of 250 cc 10% hydroxyethyl starch (HES). Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), and Pourcelot’s resistive index (RI) were measured in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and short posterior ciliary arteries (PCAs).Results.After infusion of HES blood flow velocities significantly increased in the CRA (PSV from7.53±2.33to8.32±2.51 (p<0.001); EDV from2.16±0.56to2.34±0.55 (p<0.05)) and in the PCAs (PSV from7.18±1.62to7.56±1.55 (p<0.01); EDV from2.48±0.55to2.66±0.6 cm/sec (p<0.01)). The RI of all retrobulbar vessels remained unaffected. Blood pressure and heart rate remained unchanged.Conclusions.Hypervolemic hemodilution has an acute effect on blood flow velocities in the CRA and PCAs in NAION patients. Increased blood flow in the arteries supplying the optic nerve head may lead to a better perfusion in NAION patients. This trial is registered withDRKS00012603.

Download Full-text

Trochanteric Femur Fractures: Application of Skeletal Traction during Surgery Does Not Alter Soft-Tissue Microcirculation

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57090884 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (9) ◽

pp. 884

Author(s):

Kenneth P. van Knegsel ◽

Bergita Ganse ◽

Pascal C. Haefeli ◽

Filippo Migliorini ◽

Mario F. Scaglioni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Soft Tissue ◽

Oxygen Saturation ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Skeletal Traction ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Femur Fractures ◽

Vasoactive Factors ◽

Before And After ◽

Haemoglobin Content

Background and Objectives: Wound infections provoked by alterations in microcirculation are major complications in the treatment of trochanteric femur fractures. Surgical fracture fixation on a traction table is the gold standard for treatment, but the effect on tissue microcirculation is unknown. Microcirculation could be impaired by the pull on the soft-tissue or by a release of vasoactive factors. We hypothesized that intraoperative traction impairs soft-tissue microcirculation. Materials and Methods: In 22 patients (14 women, eight men), average age 78 years (range 36–96 ± 14), with trochanteric femur fractures, non-invasive laser-Doppler spectrophotometry was used to assess oxygen saturation, hemoglobin content, and blood flow in the skin and subcutaneous tissue before and after application of traction. Measurements were recorded in nine locations around the greater trochanter at a depth of 2, 8, and 15 mm before and after fracture reduction by traction. Results: No differences were found in any depth with traction compared to without (oxygen saturation: p = 0.751, p = 0.308, and p = 0.955, haemoglobin content: p = 0.651, p = 0.928, and p = 0.926, blood flow: p = 0.829, p = 0.866, and p = 0.411). Conclusion: In this pilot study, the application of traction does not affect skin and subcutaneous microcirculation in the surgery of proximal femur fractures.

Download Full-text

Effect of training on epinephrine-stimulated lipolysis determined by microdialysis in human adipose tissue

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1995.269.6.e1059 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 269 (6) ◽

pp. E1059-E1066 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

B. Stallknecht ◽

L. Simonsen ◽

J. Bulow ◽

J. Vinten ◽

H. Galbo

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Physical Work ◽

Tissue Blood Flow ◽

Epinephrine Infusion ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Adipose Tissue Blood Flow ◽

Subcutaneous Adipose

Trained humans (Tr) have a higher fat oxidation during submaximal physical work than sedentary humans (Sed). To investigate whether this reflects a higher adipose tissue lipolytic sensitivity to catecholamines, we infused epinephrine (0.3 nmol.kg-1.min-1) for 65 min in six athletes and six sedentary young men. Glycerol was measured in arterial blood, and intercellular glycerol concentrations in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue were measured by microdialysis. Adipose tissue blood flow was measured by 133Xe-washout technique. From these measurements adipose tissue lipolysis was calculated. During epinephrine infusion intercellular glycerol concentrations were lower, but adipose tissue blood flow was higher in trained compared with sedentary subjects (P < 0.05). Glycerol output from subcutaneous tissue (Tr: 604 +/- 322 nmol.100 g-1.min-1; Sed: 689 +/- 203; mean +/- SD) as well as arterial glycerol concentrations (Tr: 129 +/- 36 microM; Sed: 119 +/- 56) did not differ between groups. It is concluded that in intact subcutaneous adipose tissue epinephrine-stimulated blood flow is enhanced, whereas lipolytic sensitivity to epinephrine is the same in trained compared with untrained subjects.

Download Full-text

How Variable Is the Volar Subcutaneous Tissue of the Digits on B-Mode and Color Doppler Ultrasound in Non-Psoriatic Individuals and Could It Be Included in a Dactylitis Score?

Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound ◽

10.1055/a-1168-6636 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ana Rebollo-Giménez ◽

Lina Martínez-Estupiñán ◽

Otto Olivas-Vergara ◽

Gema Fuensalida-Novo ◽

Jesús Garrido ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Clinical Features ◽

Subcutaneous Tissue ◽

Color Doppler ◽

Color Doppler Ultrasound ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Scanning Method ◽

Skin Contact ◽

Gel Layer ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Digital subcutaneous tissue (SCT) changes are involved in dactylitis, a hallmark feature of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). There are no studies on the ultrasound (US) characteristics of the digital SCT in the general population. Objectives To investigate the variability in US-measured thickness (TH) and color Doppler (CD)-detected blood flow of the SCT of the volar aspects of the fingers in a non-psoriatic population and to investigate the impact of the scanning method and demographics and clinical features on these measurements. Methods SCT TH and semiquantitative (SQD) and quantitative (QD) Doppler signals were measured in the bilateral second finger at the proximal and middle phalanges in 81 non-psoriatic volunteers [49 female, 32 men; 18–78 years]. Two scanning methods with and without (thick gel layer interposition) probe-skin contact were used. Demographics and clinical features were collected. Results There was high variability of SCT TH and Doppler measurements between individuals. All US measurements obtained without probe-skin contact were significantly greater than their corresponding measurements obtained with the probe contacting the skin (p < 0.001). SCT TH was positively related to dominant hand, age, masculine gender, weight, height, body mass index, and alcohol consumption while Doppler measurements were positively related to age and non-dominant hand. Conclusions US-measured SCT thickness and Doppler-detected SCT blood flow of the volar aspect of the fingers seem to be highly variable in the non-psoriatic population as well as highly dependent on the US scanning method. This variability is of utmost importance for assessing dactylitis in PsA.

Download Full-text

Parathyroid Hormone's Acute Effect on Vasodilatory Function

Clinical Medicine Insights Endocrinology and Diabetes ◽

10.4137/cmed.s4650 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. CMED.S4650 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. Farahnak ◽

L. Lind ◽

K. Mattala ◽

I-L. Nilsson

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Forearm Blood Flow ◽

Acute Effect ◽

Venous Occlusion ◽

Arterial Infusion ◽

Resistance Vessels ◽

Vasodilatory Function ◽

Pth Level

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) seems to affect the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate PTH's acute effect on endothelial vasodilatory function in forearm resistance vessels. Ten healthy subjects underwent forearm venous occlusion plethysmography. We measured forearm blood flow at baseline and at a stable, locally increased PTH level after intra-arterial infusion of metacholine and nitroprusside. The contralateral arm served as a control. Ionized calcium (Ca++) and PTH values were normal in all subjects at baseline (1.26 ± 0.02 mM/L, 3.6 ± 1.2 pM/L). After 30 minutes of PTH infusion, the PTH level increased in the active arm (13.8 ± 4.0 pM/L P < 0.01), while the Ca++ level was unchanged (1.25 ± 0.04; mM/L). Both the PTH and the Ca++ level in the contralateral arm remained unchanged, which indicates no systemic influence. The endothelial-dependent vasodilation was inversely correlated to the Ca++ level at baseline (r = −0.75, P < 0.05) and after PTH infusion (r = −0.68, P < 0.05). The vasodilatory function was not affected during PTH-infusion.

Download Full-text