scholarly journals Adsorption of Iron (Fe) Heavy Metal in Acid Mine Drainage from Coal Mining

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 500-509
Author(s):  
Edy Nursanto ◽  
Mycelia Pradise
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Time Variations

Adsorption is one of effective method to overcome acid mine drainage issue because of its economy and abundant availability of adsorbents. The research aimed to analyze the adsorption effectiveness and capacity of composite as the iron adsorbent in acid mine drainage. Composite consists of claystone from coal overburden, zeolite, and activated carbon from coconut shell. This study used experimental approaches in laboratory. Types of mineral contained in adsorbent materials (claystone, zeolite, and activated carbon) were: kaolinite, mordenite, and cristobalite. Composites were constructed with the following ratios: 50:25:25, 25:25:50, and 25:50:25 (Claystone[C] : Zeolite[Z] : Activated carbon[A]). The composite with a ratio of 25:25:50 had the greatest surface area of 62.44 m2/g, according to the results of the surface area analyzer test. Adsorption was performed in a batch system with a hot plate stirrer and composite mass of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 grams, for contact time variations of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. The adsorption test revealed that the composite was successful in increasing the pH of acid mine drainage to neutral (7.0) and lowering the Fe concentration to meet the quality standard. The best effectiveness of iron lowering was 99,35% with composite mass of 5 grams. However, the 2.5 grams composite mass is more efficient in terms of efficiency because it can lower the Fe concentration to 0.1484 mg/l with only 30 minutes contact time, ensuring that the Fe concentration fulfills the quality standard. The composite with a mass of 2.5 grams has the best adsorption capacity (1,286 mg/g).

scholarly journals Efektivitas Komposit Material Overburden Batubara, Zeolit, dan Arang Aktif Tempurung Kelapa Sebagai Adsorben Besi dalam Air Asam Tambang

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Mycelia Paradise ◽  
Edy Nursanto ◽  
Nurkhamim Nurkhamim
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Iron Metal ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Shell Composite

Abstrak: Penelitian ini mempelajari penyerapan Fe dari air asam tambang yang berasal dari lokasi penambangan batubara. Adsorben yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kombinasi antara claystone, zeolit, dan arang aktif tempurung kelapa. Adsorben tersebut harus diaktivasi terlebih dahulu untuk membersihkan pengotor di permukaannya sehingga luas permukaannya meningkat. Aktivasi claystone dilakukan dengan 3M NaOH, zeolit dengan 3M HCl, dan arang tempurung kelapa dengan 4M HCl. Komposit dibuat dengan mencampurkan ketiga adsorben dengan  perbandingan (Claystone[C]: Zeolit[Z]: Arang aktif[A]) = 25:25:50. Hasil uji luas permukaan menunjukkan bahwa komposit memiliki luas permukaan 62,44 m2/g. Adsorpsi dilakukan dengan sistem batch menggunakan alat hot plate stirer pada variasi waktu kontak 30, 60, 90, 120, dan 150 menit. Berdasarkan hasil uji adsorpsi,  7,5 gram komposit  mampu menurunkan konsentrasi Fe dengan efektivitas 99,61%  dan kapasitas adsorpsi 0,432 mg/g pada waktu kontak 30 menit.  Kata Kunci: adsorpsi, komposit, efektivitas, kapasitas Abstract: This research studied adsorption iron (Fe) from acid mine drainage in coal mining. Adsorbent used in this research is the combination of activated claystone, activated zeolite, and ativated carbon from coconut shell. The adsorbents need to be activated to remove the impurities from its surface and improved its surface area. Claystone was activated using 3M NaOH, 3M HCl for zeolite, and 4M HCl for coconut shell. Composite was made by mixing claystone, zeolite, and coconut shell with 3 ratio (claystone [C], zeolite [Z], activated carbon [A]) = 25:25:50. The result of surface area analyzer showed that the surface area of composite was 62,44 m2/g. Adsorption with batch system was carried out using hot plate stirer on 30,60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes of contact time. Adsorption result showed that 7,5 gram of composite succeded decreasing iron metal concentration with 99,61%  effectiveness and 0,432 mg/g adsorption capacity on 30 minutes of contact time. Keywords: adsorption, composite, efectiveness, capacity

scholarly journals Effects of Contact Time and Flow Configuration on the Acid Mine Drainage Remediation Capabilities of Pervious Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 10847
Author(s):  
Sandisiwe Khanyisa Thisani ◽  
Daramy Vandi Von Kallon ◽  
Patrick Byrne
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barriers ◽  
Pervious Concrete ◽  
Gravity Flow ◽  
Flow Configuration ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Remediation Efficiency ◽  
Flow Configurations

This paper investigates the Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) remediation capabilities of pozzolanic pervious concrete Permeable Reactive Barriers (PRBs) with a specific focus on the effects of flow configuration and contact time on the remediation efficiency. Raw AMD was collected from an abandoned coal mine. Two flow configurations, gravity flow and column flow, were tested at a laboratory scale with gradually increasing contact times. The gravity flow configuration with two orders of magnitude less liquid-concrete contact time achieved AMD treated water quality equivalent to the high retention column flow configuration. Concentrations of iron, aluminium, sulphate, magnesium and sodium were reduced by more than 99%, 80%, 17%, 22% and 20%, respectively, at the tested limits while calcium and potassium concentrations were increased by up to 16% and 300%, respectively. The study findings indicate that the lifecycle costs of pervious concrete PRBs can be significantly reduced when the PRBs are operated under gravity flow.

scholarly journals Nickel and Zinc Removal from Acid Mine Drainage: Roles of Sludge Surface Area and Neutralising Agents

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Olds ◽  
Daniel C. W. Tsang ◽  
Paul A. Weber ◽  
Chris G. Weisener
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Zinc Removal ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Effect Of Surface

During acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment by alkaline reagent neutralisation, Ni and Zn are partially removed via sorption to Fe and Al hydroxide precipitates. This research evaluated the effect of surface area of precipitates, formed by neutralisation of AMD using three alkalinity reagents (NaOH, Ca(OH)2, and CaCO3), on the sorption of Ni and Zn. The BET surface area of the precipitates formed by neutralisation of AMD with NaOH (173.7 m2 g−1) and Ca(OH)2 (168.2 m2 g−1) was an order of magnitude greater than that produced by CaCO3 neutralisation (16.7 m2 g−1). At pH 6.5, the residual Ni concentration was 0.32 and 0.41 mg L−1 for NaOH and Ca(OH)2 neutralised AMD, respectively, resulting in up to 60% lower Ni concentrations than achieved by CaCO3 neutralisation which had no effect on Ni removal. The residual Zn concentration was even more dependent on precipitate surface area for NaOH and Ca(OH)2 neutralised AMD (0.33 and 1.02 mg L−1), which was up to 85% lower than the CaCO3 neutralised AMD (2.20 mg L−1). These results suggest that the surface area of precipitated flocs and the selection of neutralising reagent critically affect the sorption of Ni and Zn during AMD neutralisation.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of carbon active processed from coal in treating the acid mine drainage at a laboratory scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
Suliestyah ◽  
Edy Jamal Tuheteru ◽  
Indah Permata Sari ◽  
M Wisnu Fajar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Metal Content ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
East Kalimantan ◽  
Coal Reserves

Abstract Low to medium calorie coal reserves dominate Indonesia area. Referring to such amount, the potential for coal synthesis into activated carbon is also massive. The potential utilization of activated carbon from coal to process the acid mine drainage is still developing. This research aims to see the effect of activated carbon to the acid mine drainage from coal mining in a laboratory scale using a weight basis and the contact time between activated carbon and acid mine drainage. The sample is taken from one of the mining locations in East Kalimantan Province. The results showed the effect of the activated carbon weight changes in its pH value, which indicated an increase in pH from 2.19 to a decrease in Fe metal content from 45.2 to 0.1 mg/L and a decrease Mn metal content from 7.22 to 5.3 mg/L. The activated carbon from coal is very effective as an adsorbent for Fe metal but less effective for Mn metal.

scholarly journals Heavy metal removal and acid mine drainage neutralization with bioremediation approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 (1) ◽  
pp. 012041
Author(s):  
M S M Sihotang ◽  
A Rinanti ◽  
M F Fachrul
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Acid Mine

Abstract Mining Industry can improve the national economic situation; however, it also can damage the environment, mainly because of its wastewater that contains heavy metal and acidic solid compounds. When exposed to free air, sulfide minerals can be naturally oxidized and create acid mine drainage (AMD), a highly acidic waste that can mobilize heavy metals towards the environment. This literature study will discuss practical and sustainable biological processing to remove AAT. Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) were isolated from AMD polluted soil and grown inside an AMD-containing batch reactor. The environmental conditions (temperature, AMD concentration, SRB concentration, and contact time) were controlled during this research. The implementation of pH sampling was conducted every day, and the heavy metal final result was measured with an Inductive Coupled Plasma Optical Spectrophotometry or ICP-OES. SRB produced Hbiogenic2S that reacts with heavy metal and creates metal sulfide sediment. The remediation process by SRB will create biogenic alkalinity as an SRB side product that plays a significant role in neutralizing acidic water. Remediation is also influenced by organic compounds such as animal waste, rice, hay, or coconut husks. In this research, SRB plays a significant role as biosorbent that utilizes organic compounds as electron sources. The iron removal efficiency in AMD reached 96% and occurred on a contact time of 144 hours. To reach similar efficiency removal on a pilot scale, we planned AMD bioremediation on a tube-shaped reactor with 7.3m3 with 3.5 m height and 0.88 of each reactor radiuses. This bioremediation study has provided an alternative solution for environmental management quality due to AAT pollution in water and groundwater around mining areas.

scholarly journals Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) using industrial by-product: Sorption behavior of steel slag for metal-rich mine water

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Sorption Behavior ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Acid Mine

<p>This study highlights the potential of steel slag, which is an industrial by-product of steel making industry as treatment media for metal-rich acid mine drainage (AMD). A series of batch adsorption studies has been done to demonstrate the effects of contact time, solution pH, initial concentration of metal, adsorbent dosage and size, and the effect of competing ions on the performance of steel slag. Results indicated that metal removal efficiencies were found to be &gt;90% when pH of AMD has reached near-neutral state (6.8-7.5) that were mostly occurring within the first 14 hours of contact time. Optimum equilibrium time was found at 24 hours, i.e. 99-100% of metals were removed. An increased adsorption capacity with decreased removal efficiency was observed as initial metal concentration increased. In contrast, increasing adsorbent dosage leads to increased removal efficiency. Fe was not affected despite the presence of other metal ions (100% removal) compared to Mn (59.3% removal) in mixed AMD solution. Adsorption behavior of Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn fits appropriately with Langmuir isotherm model with adsorption capacity of 1.06, 1.03, 0.97 and 0.73 mg g-1, respectively. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics and is supported by intra-particle diffusion process. Therefore, steel slag can be potentially used as an effective media for passive AMD remediation.</p>

Sulfate removal from acid mine drainage using polypyrrole-grafted granular activated carbon

Carbon ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siqi Hong ◽  
Fred S. Cannon ◽  
Pin Hou ◽  
Timothy Byrne ◽  
Cesar Nieto-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Sulfate Removal
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