scholarly journals Efektivitas Komposit Material Overburden Batubara, Zeolit, dan Arang Aktif Tempurung Kelapa Sebagai Adsorben Besi dalam Air Asam Tambang

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Mycelia Paradise ◽  
Edy Nursanto ◽  
Nurkhamim Nurkhamim
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Iron Metal ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Shell Composite

Abstrak: Penelitian ini mempelajari penyerapan Fe dari air asam tambang yang berasal dari lokasi penambangan batubara. Adsorben yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kombinasi antara claystone, zeolit, dan arang aktif tempurung kelapa. Adsorben tersebut harus diaktivasi terlebih dahulu untuk membersihkan pengotor di permukaannya sehingga luas permukaannya meningkat. Aktivasi claystone dilakukan dengan 3M NaOH, zeolit dengan 3M HCl, dan arang tempurung kelapa dengan 4M HCl. Komposit dibuat dengan mencampurkan ketiga adsorben dengan  perbandingan (Claystone[C]: Zeolit[Z]: Arang aktif[A]) = 25:25:50. Hasil uji luas permukaan menunjukkan bahwa komposit memiliki luas permukaan 62,44 m2/g. Adsorpsi dilakukan dengan sistem batch menggunakan alat hot plate stirer pada variasi waktu kontak 30, 60, 90, 120, dan 150 menit. Berdasarkan hasil uji adsorpsi,  7,5 gram komposit  mampu menurunkan konsentrasi Fe dengan efektivitas 99,61%  dan kapasitas adsorpsi 0,432 mg/g pada waktu kontak 30 menit.  Kata Kunci: adsorpsi, komposit, efektivitas, kapasitas Abstract: This research studied adsorption iron (Fe) from acid mine drainage in coal mining. Adsorbent used in this research is the combination of activated claystone, activated zeolite, and ativated carbon from coconut shell. The adsorbents need to be activated to remove the impurities from its surface and improved its surface area. Claystone was activated using 3M NaOH, 3M HCl for zeolite, and 4M HCl for coconut shell. Composite was made by mixing claystone, zeolite, and coconut shell with 3 ratio (claystone [C], zeolite [Z], activated carbon [A]) = 25:25:50. The result of surface area analyzer showed that the surface area of composite was 62,44 m2/g. Adsorption with batch system was carried out using hot plate stirer on 30,60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes of contact time. Adsorption result showed that 7,5 gram of composite succeded decreasing iron metal concentration with 99,61%  effectiveness and 0,432 mg/g adsorption capacity on 30 minutes of contact time. Keywords: adsorption, composite, efectiveness, capacity

scholarly journals Adsorption of Iron (Fe) Heavy Metal in Acid Mine Drainage from Coal Mining

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 500-509
Author(s):  
Edy Nursanto ◽  
Mycelia Pradise
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Acid Mine Drainage ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Acid Mine ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Time Variations

Adsorption is one of effective method to overcome acid mine drainage issue because of its economy and abundant availability of adsorbents. The research aimed to analyze the adsorption effectiveness and capacity of composite as the iron adsorbent in acid mine drainage. Composite consists of claystone from coal overburden, zeolite, and activated carbon from coconut shell. This study used experimental approaches in laboratory. Types of mineral contained in adsorbent materials (claystone, zeolite, and activated carbon) were: kaolinite, mordenite, and cristobalite. Composites were constructed with the following ratios: 50:25:25, 25:25:50, and 25:50:25 (Claystone[C] : Zeolite[Z] : Activated carbon[A]). The composite with a ratio of 25:25:50 had the greatest surface area of 62.44 m2/g, according to the results of the surface area analyzer test. Adsorption was performed in a batch system with a hot plate stirrer and composite mass of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 grams, for contact time variations of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes. The adsorption test revealed that the composite was successful in increasing the pH of acid mine drainage to neutral (7.0) and lowering the Fe concentration to meet the quality standard. The best effectiveness of iron lowering was 99,35% with composite mass of 5 grams. However, the 2.5 grams composite mass is more efficient in terms of efficiency because it can lower the Fe concentration to 0.1484 mg/l with only 30 minutes contact time, ensuring that the Fe concentration fulfills the quality standard. The composite with a mass of 2.5 grams has the best adsorption capacity (1,286 mg/g).

scholarly journals Preparation, Characterization and Utilization of Coconut Adsorbents as a Filter Media for Wastewater Treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
S. Kaviya ◽  
R. M. Jayabalakrishnan ◽  
M. Maheswari ◽  
S. Selvakumar
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Coir Fibre ◽  
Experimental Findings

The present study investigates the characterization of different coconut based low cost adsorbents like coconut shell biochar, zinc chloride impregnated coconut shell activated carbon, coir fibre and coir geotextile and their suitability characteristics as a filter bed in different wastewater treatment process. The characterization study helps to investigate their physical, chemical and morphological properties like proximate and ultimate analysis, iodine number, decolorizing power, SEM, Surface area using BET, Particle size and Zeta potential. The experiment results showed that among the different adsorbents activated carbon has high fixed carbon content (82.99 percent), more surface area (590.8 m2 g-1), low ash content (1.31 percent) with a decolorizing power of 240-300 mg g-1. The coir fibre and coir geotextile having neutral pH with negative surface charge easily adsorbs the positive cations from aqueous solutions at highest apparent density. The experimental findings suggest that the activated adsorbent which shows better results as an effective filter media for adsorption of organic compounds and pollutants from wastewater.

scholarly journals STUDI ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA NAPHTHOL YELLOW S PADA LIMBAH CAIR MENGGUNAKAN KARBON AKTIF DARI AMPAS TEBU

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
W. P. Utoo1 ◽  
E. Santoso ◽  
G. Yuhaneka ◽  
A. I. Triantini ◽  
M. R. Fatqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Adsorption Model ◽  
High Adsorption ◽  
Prolonged Contact ◽  
Test Result

The aim of this research is to get activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse with high adsorption capacity to Naphthol Yellow S and to know factors influencing the adsorption capacity. Activated carbon is prepared by incomplete combustion of sugracane bagasse. The resulting carbon is activated with H2SO4 with concentration variation of 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 M and is continued by calcination at 400 °C. The measurement of the surface area of ??activated carbon by the methylene blue method indicates that the activation process successfully extends the surface area of carbon from 31.87 m2/g before activation to 66-72 m2/g after activation. Activated carbon with concentration of 2.0 M H2SO4 showed the highest surface area of ??71.85 m2/g, however, the best adsorption was shown by activated carbon with a concentration of 0.5 M H2SO4 with the adsorption capacity of 83.93%. The adsorption test showed that the best amount of adsorbent was 0.2 g with contact time for 30 minutes. Prolonged contact time can decrease the amount of Naphthol Yellow S adsorbed. The best adsorption test result was shown by sample with activator concentration of 0,5 M, mass of 0,2 g and contact time of 30 min with adsorption capacity 95,81% or amount of dye adsorbed equal to 143,72 mg/g. The adsorption study also showed that the entire Naphthol Yellow S adsorption process followed the Langmuir isothemal adsorption model. Qualitative testing of real batik waste indicates that activated carbon can reduce the dyes waste containing Naphthol Yellow Sexhibited by the color of batik waste which is more faded.  

Preparation of high-surface-area activated carbon from coconut shell fibers

Carbon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 3005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chen ◽  
Liu-jiang Zhou ◽  
Yu-zhen Hong ◽  
Feng Cao ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Coconut Shell

scholarly journals LiOH/Coconut Shell Activated Carbon Ratio Effect on the Electrical Conductivity of Lithium Ion Battery Anode Active Material

Molekul ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Annisa Syifaurrahma ◽  
Arnelli Arnelli ◽  
Yayuk Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Coconut Shell Activated Carbon ◽  
Anode Active Material ◽  
Battery Anode

A lithium ion battery anode active material comprised of LiOH (Li) and coconut shell activated carbon (AC) has been synthesized with Li/AC ratios of (w/w) 1/1, 2/1, 3/1, and 4/1 through the sol gel method. The present study aims to ascertain the best Li/AC ratio that produces an anode active material with the best electrical conductivity value and determine the characteristics of the anode active material in terms of functional groups, surface area, crystallinity, and capacity. Based on the electrical conductivity test using LCR, the active material Li/AC 2/1 had the highest electrical conductivity with a value of 2.064x10-3 Sm-1. The conductivity achieved was slightly smaller than that of the active material with no addition of LiOH on the activated carbon at an electrical conductivity of 5.434x10-3 Sm-1. The FTIR spectra of the activated carbon and Li/AC 2/1 showed differences with in the Li-O-C group absorption at 1075 cm-1 wavenumber and the wide absorption in the area of 547.5 cm-1 that represents Li-O vibration. Based on the results of SAA, the activated carbon had a larger surface area than Li/AC 2/1 at 17.057 m2g-1 and 5.615 m2g-1, respectively. The crystallinity of both active materials was low shown by the widening of the diffraction peaks. Tests with cyclic voltammetry (CV) proved that there was a reduction-oxidation reaction for the two samples in the first cycle with a large charge and discharge capacities of the activated carbon of 150.989 mAh and 92.040 mAh, while for Li/AC 2/1 they were 91.103 mAh and 47.580 mAh.

scholarly journals Process Optimization of High Surface Area Activated Carbon Prepared from Cucumis Melo by H3PO4 Activation for the Removal of Cationic and Anionic Dyes Using Full Factorial Design

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 12662-12679
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Full Factorial

In this study, Chemical activation was used to prepare a low-cost activated carbon (AC) from agricultural waste material: Cucumis melo. It was used as a green biosorbent for the removal of cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solutions (Methylene blue (MB) and Acid orange 7 (AO7)).A full factorial 24 experimental design was used to optimize the preparation conditions. The factors and levels included are activation temperature (300 and 500ºC), activation time (1 and 3 h), H3PO4 concentration (1.5 and 2.5 mol/L), and contact time (60 and 90 min). The surface area of the activated carbons and high removal efficiency of MB and AO7 was chosen as a measure of the optimization. The activated carbon prepared at 500 °C, for 3 hours with an H3PO4 concentration of 2.5 mol/L and a contact time of 90 min, have the largest specific surface area (475 m2/g) and the percentage of discoloration of methylene blue (99.4%). Furthermore, the greater value of AO7 removal (94.20%) was obtained at 3h - activation time, 500°C - activation temperature, 1.5 mol/L - H3PO4 concentration with a 90 min contact time.

scholarly journals Two-Stage Adsorber Design for Methylene Blue Removal by Coconut Shell Activated Carbon

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 768-775
Author(s):  
Fadina Amran ◽  
Nur Fatiah Zainuddin ◽  
Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Methylene Blue Removal ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Coconut Shell Activated Carbon ◽  
Langmuir Constants ◽  
Insight Into

The present work was aimed at evaluating the performance of two-stage adsorber for methylene blue removal by coconut shell activated carbon in minimizing the adsorbent mass and contact time. The Langmuir constants were used to evaluate the optimum mass, while the pseudo-second-order constants for contact time. Results show that the adsorbent mass can only be minimized by 0.01 % due to the high adsorbent affinity towards methylene blue, while the contact time has been optimized to 12.2 min at the studied conditions. The effect of adsorbent affinity in two-stage adsorber was analyzed to shed some light about its importance in the design of two-stage adsorber. The performance evaluation was also discussed to bring insight into wastewater treatment applications.

scholarly journals ADSORPSI ZAT WARNA METILEN BIRU DENGAN KARBON AKTIF DARI KULIT DURIAN MENGGUNAKAN KOH DAN NaOH SEBAGAI AKTIVATOR

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida Hanum ◽  
Rikardo Jgst Gultom ◽  
Maradona Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Carbon Surface ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Maximum Surface

Durian is a kind of tropical fruits which can grow well in Indonesia. Durian is containing 60-75% shell. Durian shell could be a potential alternative to activated carbon because it contains 57.42% carbon. The aim of this research is to know the effect of contact time and  stirring speed to activated carbon adsorption capacity from durian shell with KOH and NaOH as activators. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) analysis showed the activation process effects on  absorption intensity  wavelength region and resulted in formation of C = C aromatic tape, so that the nature of the charcoal becomes more polar compared with the initial condition. Analysis using spectrophotometer UV-Vis to determine  absorbance and  final concentration of each variation of contact time and stirring speed. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacity obtained by activation of KOH and NaOH on stirring speed of 150 rpm and a contact time of 90 minutes is equal to 3.92 mg / g and 3.8 mg / g respectively. The maximum surface area obtained by activation of KOH and NaOH during the stirring speed 130 rpm and a contact time of 120 minutes is equal to 1785.263 m2 / g and 1730.332 m2 / g respectively. The maximum surface area obtained from this research has met the standards of commercial activated carbon surface area was between 800-1800 m2/ g. Modeling pseudo second order presents a more representative adsorption data, a second order equation is based on the assumption that adsorption step is chemosorption.

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